The Anatomy of Violence (85 page)

neurotransmitter levels and

omega-3 and

peak age for,
1.1
,
4.1
,
7.1

physical anomalies in

as predominant in men,
1.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2

and proactive aggression

as public-health problem,
6.1
,
9.1
,
11.1

recipe for

schizophrenia and,
7.1
,
9.1

treatment for,
itr.1
,
11.1

XYY chromosomes and

see also
crime

violence prevention, biological interventions in,
8.1
,
9.1

Virginia Tech massacre

Virkkunen, Matti

visual cortex,
itr.1
,
3.1
,
3.2

voices, hearing of,
6.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
11.1

“voluptuous delight”
3.1
,
3.2

waist-to-hip ratio

waiteri
(fierce)

war

killing in

men as predominant in

political aggression and

Warhol, Andy

warrior gene, MAOA as

Washington Post

Weinberger, Linda

Weinstein, Barbara

Weinstein, Herbert,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

welders, heavy metal exposure in,
7.1
,
7.2

“What is it?” response

White, Dan

white-collar crimes,
4.1
,
5.1
,
10.1

white matter,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
8.1

in lying,
5.1
,
5.2

Whiting, Roy

Widom, Cathy

Wille, Reinhard

Wilson, Margo

Wisconsin card-sorting task,
5.1
,
10.1

witchcraft

Without Conscience
(Hare)

Wolfgang, Marvin

women

attractiveness of,
1.1
,
1.2

evolutionary survival role for,
1.1
,
1.2

fearfulness in

fertility and rape of

heart rate in

mental illness in,
7.1
,
7.2

mindfulness training in

parental investment of,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
6.1

physical abuse of

prefrontal cortex in

prenatal education for

as serial killers

as sex slaves

“soft” aggression in

as victims of serial killers,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3

viewed as dangerous

World Health Organization (WHO),
4.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
11.1

World Trade Center, September 11, 2001, attack on,
8.1

World War II,
6.1
,
7.1

X chromosome

XYY chromosomes,
2.1
,
8.1

Yang, Yaling,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

Yanomamo Indians

York University,
4.1
,
4.2
,
8.1

Young, Roland

zinc deficiency,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
9.1

zygote

FIGURE 3.1
:
Positron-emission tomography (PET) scans showing a bird’s-eye view of reduced prefrontal functioning in murderers (top of scan) compared with controls. Red and yellow indicate higher brain functioning.

FIGURE 3.2
:
Bird’s-eye view of PET scans showing reduced orbitofrontal activation (very top of scan) in the impulsive murderer Antonio Bustamante compared with a normal control

FIGURE 3.3
:
Bird’s-eye view of functional brain scans
(PET scans)
of a normal control (bottom left), serial killer Randy Kraft (middle), a onetime impulsive murderer (right), and the author (top)

FIGURE 3.4
:
Bird’s-eye view showing reduced prefrontal functioning (top of PET scan), specifically in a reactive murderer compared with a proactive murderer and a normal control. Red and yellow indicate higher brain functioning.

FIGURE 3.5
:
Side view (top), head-on view (middle), and bird’s-eye view (bottom) of MRI slices showing brain regions associated only with moral decision-making (green), only with violence (red), and areas associated with both violence and moral decision-making (yellow)

FIGURE 5.1
:
Structural MRI scan exposing the prefrontal cortex (right), and on the left a prefrontal head-on slice showing separation of neuronal matter (green) from axonal white matter

FIGURE 5.4
:
Head-on view of the brain showing segmentation of the prefrontal cortex into gyral sectors to calculate brain volumes in those with antisocial personality disorder

FIGURE 8.4
:
Bird’s-eye view of PET scans showing reduced prefrontal functioning (top of scan) in murderers from good homes. Red and yellow indicate higher brain functioning.