The Age of Atheists: How We Have Sought to Live Since the Death of God (80 page)

3
. George Levine (ed.),
The Joy of Secularism: Eleven Essays for How We Live Now
, Princeton and London: Princeton University Press, 2011, p. 4.

4
. John Gray,
Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals
, London: Granta Books, 2002, p. 74.

5
. Gordon Graham,
The Re-enchantment of the World: Art versus Religion
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, pp. 82–85. Simon Blackburn,
Think: A Compelling Introduction to Philosophy,
Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 298.

6
. Christopher Hitchens,
God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything
, New York: Twelve, 2007.

7
. Gray, op
.
cit., p. 43.

8
. Jonathan Lear,
Happiness, Death and the Remainder of Life
, Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2000, p. 138.

9
. Cynthia Ozick,
The Din in Our Head
, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006, ch. 14.

10
. Seamus Heaney,
The Government of the Tongue
, London: Faber and Faber, 1988, p. 189.

11
. Rebecca Stott, “The Webfooted Understorey: Darwinian Immersions,” in Levine (ed.),
The Joy of Secularism
, pp. 216–21.

12
. Gray, op
.
cit., p. 198.

13
. Richard Kearney,
Anatheism (Returning to God After God)
, New York: Columbia University Press, 2010, pp. 73, 80, 180.

Index

absolute/Absolute,
72
,
274
,
338
,
456
.
See also
specific person’s views

Abstract Expressionism,
394
,
395
,
397
–400,
402

action:

Abstract Expressionism and,
399

beliefs as rules for,
57

change and,
400

existentialists and,
340

political,
439
–40

Adler, Viktor,
33
,
241
,
352
,
370
,
371
,
438
–39

Adorno, Theodor,
144
,
372
,
378
–79

aesthetics: counterculture and,
425
–27

affluence,
239
,
243
,
255
,
432
–33

afterlife,
178
,
225
,
229
–30,
274
,
277
,
283
,
316
–17,
318
–19,
472
,
484
,
550

agape
(law of love),
367
,
527
–28n

Agassiz Club.
See
Metaphysical Club “Saturday Club”

Aiken, Conrad,
66

Alexander, Eben,
11
,
553

alienation,
97
,
202
–3,
365
,
442
,
451
,
499

Allen, Frederick Lewis,
241

Altizer, Thomas,
383
–84

altruism,
82
,
276
,
477

American Foundation of Religion and Psychiatry (AFRP),
360
,
362

American Society for Psychical Research,
178

“the American way,” 363

analysis,
76
,
278
,
543

anarchy,
207
,
211
,
250
,
251

Anderson, Sherwood,
238
–39,
240
,
241
,
242
,
243
,
543

Andre, Carl,
391
,
392

Andreas, Friedrich Carl,
227

Andreas-Salomé, Lou,
227
,
436

androgynous man,
268

Anouilh, Jean,
339

anthropology,
88
,
337
,
412

anthroposophy,
212
,
287
,
318
,
323

anti-Semitism.
See
Jews/Judaism

anxiety,
86
,
87
,
119
,
242
,
308
,
436
–40,
534

“The Apostles” (Cambridge Conversazione Society),
77
–78

“archaic man”: Jung’s views about,
286

archetypes: Jung’s theory of,
286
,
288
–89,
290
,
380
,
419

architecture,
35
–36,
38
,
160
,
498

Arendt, Hannah,
58
n,
192
,
226
,
440

Aristotle,
60
,
63
,
214
,
280
,
501
,
502

Arnold, Matthew,
24
,
466

Aron, Raymond,
58
n,
339

art/artists:

abstract,
182
–83,
454

aim/purpose of,
183
,
209
,
236
,
263
,
504
,
537

and art for art’s sake,
151
,
153

beauty and,
456

biological origin of,
483
–84

collective,
118

color in,
111
,
113
,
115
–17,
183

counterculture and,
414

as dialogue,
456

education and,
400

as escape from time,
503
–5

as existential,
75

expanded community of,
124

as experience,
400

as explaining change,
90

heroes in,
114
,
116

high,
454
,
456

importance of,
91
,
111
,
146
,
152

innovation in,
111

art/artists (
continued
)

knowledge and,
88

language of,
118
,
455

light in,
112
,
113
–14,
120

as making a difference,
91

meaning of,
392

minimalist,
391
–93

mysticism and,
484

nature in,
121

Nazis’ looting of,
318

“new spirit” in,
122
–24

phenomenology and,
73

postmodernism and,
499

progression of,
456

reality and,
124

and realms of life,
554

religion of,
142
,
144
–45

as replacement for religion,
450

science compared with,
455

spiritual in,
180
–84

theothanatology and,
383

truth and,
456

twentieth-century,
124

See also
specific person’s views or type of art

Aschheim, Steven,
24
,
33
,
38
,
39
,
48
–49,
188

Ascona, Switzerland,
40
–45,
46
,
47
,
48
,
401

astrology,
287
,
318
,
470
,
500

astronomy,
471
,
512

atheism/atheists:

as alternative religion,
214
–17

increase in,
21

as intellectually fulfilled,
542

militant,
7
–8,
204
,
215
,
216
,
217
,
219

psychological causes of,
354
–55

religious,
519
,
522

retreat of,
9
–10,
17

scientific,
204
,
217

traditional,
336

during World War II,
219

See also
specific person’s views or topic

atomic bomb,
330
,
380
,
381
,
388
,
450
,
451

Auden, W. H.,
83
,
89
,
176
,
177
,
291
,
458
,
459
–60,
463
,
464
,
539

Augustine, Saint,
353
,
536
n

Auschwitz,
330
,
331
,
372
,
374
,
375
,
377
,
378
,
379

authenticity,
365
,
404
,
506
,
521

authority,
86
,
92
,
154
,
239
,
258
,
260
,
363
,
365
,
366
,
391
,
457
,
476
,
484

autokinesis,
179

automatic writing,
174
,
179
,
198

avant-garde,
39
–40,
118
,
122
–23,
128

Ayer, A. J.,
58
n,
273
,
274
,
275
–78

Baker, Carlos,
242

Bakunin, Mikhail,
211

Balakian, Anna,
147
,
148

Ball, Hugo,
47
,
119

Barrès, Maurice,
189

Barth, Karl,
57
n,
311
,
312
–13,
382
,
384
,
455
,
473
,
500
,
534

Bartók, Bela,
396

Bataille, Georges,
336

Baudelaire, Charles,
71
,
73
,
130
,
460
,
536

Baumeister, Roy F.,
17
–18

“beat” writing,
394
,
395
,
397
,
403
–6

beauty,
112
,
117
,
119
,
189
,
456
,
516
,
522
–24,
536
,
549
.
See also
specific person’s views

Beauvoir, Simone de,
334
,
339
,
340
,
367

bebop,
394
,
395
–97,
398

Beckett, Samuel,
8
,
252
,
254
,
293
,
387
–91,
406
,
407
,
408
,
430
,
537

Beethoven, Ludwig von,
144
,
145

Behrens, Peter,
35
–36

being/Being,
337
,
350
,
385
,
414
,
458
,
536
–41,
542
.
See also
specific person’s views

Belgrad, Daniel,
394
,
396

belief/beliefs:

belief in,
473
,
474

“bricolage,” 499–500,
501

evidence of,
514

faith differentiated from,
514

justification of,
62

over-,
59

postmodernism and,
499
–500

as public,
512
–16

ready-made,
499

as rules for action,
57

therapeutic approach and,
446

trust in,
197

Vienna Circle and,
274

See also
specific person’s views

Bell, Clive,
79
,
80

Bell, Quentin,
191
,
193

Bellah, Robert,
533

Benbassa, Esther,
373
,
378
,
379
,
445

Benedict, Saint,
502

Benedict XVI (pope),
546

Benjamin, Walter,
233

Benn, Gottfried,
49
–50,
464

Bennett, Arnold,
190
,
257
,
258

Berdyaev, Nikolai,
208

Bergeinsamkeit
, Zarathustrian cult of,
36
–38

Berger, Peter,
9
–10,
13
–14,
21
,
445

Bergson, Henri,
75
–77,
88
,
95
,
99
,
101
,
123
,
124
,
142
,
170
,
189
,
426
,
534

Berlin, Normand,
253
,
254

Berry, Philippa,
499

Bertram, Ernst,
150
–51

Beveridge Report (1942),
333

“big crunch,” 493

biology,
161
,
272
,
472
,
481
,
483
–85,
488
.
See also
evolution

biophilia,
479
,
482
–83

Bishop, Elizabeth,
551
–52

Bishop, John Peale,
240
,
241

Bismarck, Otto von,
333

black magic,
169

Black Mountain College,
394
,
400
,
401
,
402
,
403

Blackburn, Simon,
539

Blake, William,
128
,
422
,
455
,
465

“blank spots”: humanitarian disasters as creating,
449

Blavatsky, Madame Helen,
167
–69,
181
,
182
,
183
,
280

“blood flag,” Nazi,
321

“blood and soil” concept,
313
,
317
,
319
,
323

Bloom, Harold,
293
,
406
–7,
408
,
465
,
515
,
533

Bloomsbury Group,
78
–79,
80
,
82
–83,
193

Blunden, Edmund,
195
–96

body,
268
,
340
–41,
387
,
394
,
395
–97,
398
,
400
–402,
404
,
414
.
See also
mind-body

Boehme, Jacob,
169

Boethius,
295

Bogdanov, Aleksandr,
205
,
206
,
208
–9,
210
,
213

bohemia,
394
,
416
,
450

Bohlmann, Otto,
163
–64

Bohr, Niels,
58
n,
545

Bolsheviks:

Nietzsche’s influence on,
205
–14

in Russia,
200
–219,
541
n

See also
communism; Marxism;
specific person’s views

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich,
131
,
311
,
382
,
383
,
385
,
386