[Texas Rangers 02] - Badger Boy

LONE STAR RISING:
THE TEXAS RANGERS TRILOGY
(comprising The Buckskin Line, Badger Boy, and The Way of the Coyote)

By Elmer Kelton

One of the most dreaded hazards of Texas frontier life was capture by the Indians. It happened more often than history books might indicate. Comanches in particular often took women and children captive, though they usually killed men on the spot. Women and older girls not murdered outright were almost invariably raped. Whether they continued to live or not depended upon the mood of their captors. For a majority, life proved to be terrifying, and short.

Children had a better chance for survival. For one thing, the tribe was gradually shrinking in numbers because of lives lost in battle and in the dangerous hunt for buffalo. Captives helped make up for this decrease. Boys were looked upon as potential hunters and warriors. Girls would become warriors' wives when they were old enough. In the meantime they were pressed into menial labor to help ease the work burden for Indian women.

Comanches liked to capture children old enough to endure hardship, yet young enough to be pliable, to forget their past quickly and adapt to a vastly different mode of life. Children were separated from their mothers as soon as possible to make the transition easier for their captors. Unless freed fairly soon, they usually forgot their native tongue and became, for all intents and purposes, Indian children.

In most cases families never saw or heard of captive children again. It was as if the earth had swallowed them up. On rare occasions they were ransomed by traders or rescued by the military. In one notable case a black teamster named Brit Johnson spent years doggedly searching for his kidnapped family. Finding them, he successfully bargained them free. He also freed several white captives of the Kiowa.

Children who did not soon adapt were likely to be killed. Boys in particular were often tested by severe treatment. Those not tough enough to endure it were considered expendable. However, a boy who fought his captors might be spared out of admiration for his bravery. He was seen as having the potential to become a good warrior.

One of Texas's first well-documented accounts of Indian captivity was that of Rachel Parker Plummer, taken in a raid on a civilian fort on May 19, 1836, two months after the fall of the Alamo and less than a month after the battle of San Jacinto. She was one of five whites taken that day, another being her cousin, Cynthia Ann Parker. Mrs. Plummer wrote a lengthy report on the horrors she endured. Pregnant at the time of her capture, she saw the Indians kill her baby at the age of six weeks because they considered him a hindrance to her work. She spent thirteen months as a captive. Ransomed by traders from New Mexico, she returned to her family in broken health and lived but a short time.

Much more famous is the tragic history of her younger cousin, Cynthia Ann, who spent almost twenty-five years with the Comanches, becoming the wife of warrior Peta Nocona and mother to Quanah Parker, who would be the last war chief of the Quahadi Comanches. Though offered a chance at freedom several times, she had become so thoroughly Comanche that she refused. She was forcibly "freed" in 1860 when a band of rangers under Lawrence Sullivan Ross overran her camp, killing most of its inhabitants. She was spared when it was noticed that she had blue eyes. She remembered little of English, though she recognized her name when it was spoken. Against her will she was returned to relatives. She tried to run away to rejoin the Comanches but was restrained. Brokenhearted, she never reconciled to white ways. In effect she had become a captive for the second time.

For those who returned to the white world after extended life among the Indians, the readjustment was usually difficult. Herman Lehmann was a German boy captured in the hill country when eleven years old. He became a warrior and participated in Comanche raids on the Texas settlements. He narrowly escaped death at the hands of the rangers, some of whom became his good friends in later years. Eventually returned to his people, he made a partial readjustment but maintained ties with his former captors and lived their lifestyle as much as he was able under the constraints of society.

THE TEXAS FRONTIER, SPRING, 1865

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R
usty Shannon saw brown smoke rising beyond the hill and knew the rangers had arrived too late. The Indians had already struck, and by now they were probably gone.

He had expected trouble, but his pulse quickened as if the smoke were a surprise. He signaled his five fellow patrol members and spurred his black horse, Alamo, into a run. He did not have to look back. The men would follow him; they always did though he had no official rank. He was a private like the rest, but they had fallen into the habit of looking to him for leadership. Nor was he noticeably older than the others. Orphaned early, he could only guess he was about twenty-five, give or take a little. A harsh outdoor life had made him look more than that. He had accepted the responsibility of leadership by default, for no one else had offered to take it.

Back East, the strong nicker of the war horse was fading to a faint and painful whinny as the tired and tattered Confederacy kept struggling to its feet for one more battle and one more loss. To Rusty's independent, red-haired manner of thinking, it was high time the Richmond government conceded defeat and let the guns fall silent. Even from his faraway vantage point at the edge of Comanche-Kiowa country he saw clearly and with pain that the war had bled both sides much too long.

The Texas frontier had a war of its own to contend with, and it was far from over.

Rusty Shannon was tall and rangy, some would say perpetually hungry-looking. Meals were a sometime thing when frontier rangers scouted for Indians. Often the men were too pressed to stop, and at other times they simply had nothing to eat.

He considered himself a soldier of sorts, though he owned no uniform. Texas had not even provided him a badge as a symbol of ranger authority. The cuffs were raveled on his grimy homespun cotton shirt, the sleeves mended and mended again. His frayed gray trousers seemed as much patch as original woolen fabric, for the long war had made new clothing scarce and money scarcer.

Red hair bristled over his ears and brushed his collar. Forced to be frugal, rangers cut each other's hair. It was often a rough job of butchery, but appearances were of little concern. Staying alive and helping others stay alive were what counted on the frontier.

Riding their assigned north-south line past the western fringe of settlement, the patrol had come upon tracks of fifteen to twenty horses at dusk yesterday. By order of Texas's Confederate government in Austin, the rangers were duty-bound to locate and take into custody any deserters or conscription dodgers who might be idling out the war in the wild country beyond the settlements.

Rusty knew the approximate whereabouts of fifty or sixty such men banded together for mutual security, but they were of little interest to him. If the Confederacy wanted them captured it should send Confederate Army troops to do the job. Five or six rangers were no match for so many brush men even if they invested a full heart in the duty, and he had no heart for that kind of business.

He had regarded secession from the Union four years ago as a grave mistake though fellow Texans had voted in its favor. He saw the war as folly on both sides, North and South. If a man did not want to take part in it, the authorities should leave him the hell alone. Officialdom did not share his view, of course. Remaining with the rangers on the frontier kept him out of the military's sight.

Freckle-faced Len Tanner had swung a long and lanky leg across the cantle, dismounting to study the tracks. "Conscript dodgers, you think?"

That was a possibility, but instinct told Rusty the trail had been made by Comanches or possibly Kiowas. Perhaps both, for they often joined forces to venture south from their prairie and mountain strongholds. The Indians were well aware that white men of the North had been at war with white men of the South for most of four years. They did not understand the reasons, or care. What mattered was that the fighting's heavy drain upon manpower left the frontier vulnerable. In places it had withdrawn eastward fifty to a hundred miles, leaving homes abandoned, strayed livestock running wild. Settlers who dared remain lived in jeopardy.

After sending one man back to company headquarters near Fort Belknap to report to Captain Oran Whitfield, Rusty had set out to follow the trail. Len Tanner rode beside him. Rusty had never decided whether Tanner's legs were too long or his horse too short, for his stirrups dangled halfway between the mount's belly and the ground. Eyes eager, Tanner said, "Tracks are freshenin'. We ought to catch up with them pretty soon."

"Catchin' them is what we're paid for."

"Who's been paid?"

The Texas state government was notorious for being perpetually broke, unable to meet obligations. Wages for its employees were near the bottom of the priority list, especially for those men in homespun cloth and buckskin who rode the frontier picket line far away from those who wrote the laws and appropriated the money.

Darkness had forced Rusty to halt the patrol and wait for daylight lest they lose the trail. He had slept little, frustrated that the raiders might be gaining time. Night had been no hindrance to the Indians if they chose to keep traveling.

Now he saw a half-burned cabin, a man and two boys carrying water in buckets from a nearby creek and throwing it on the smoking walls. He remembered the place. It belonged to a farmer named Haines. Hearing the horses, the man grabbed a rifle. He lowered it when he saw that the riders were not Indians. He focused resentful attention on Rusty.

"Minutemen, ain't you?"

Ranger
was not an official term. The public often referred to the rangers as minutemen, among other things.

Looking upon two blanket-covered forms on the ground, Rusty felt a chill. The blankets were charred along the edges. "Yes sir, Mr. Haines."

"How come you always show up when it's too late?"

Rusty could have told him there were not enough rangers to be everywhere and protect everybody. The war back East had drawn away too many of the state's fighting-age men. The ranger desertion rate had risen to alarming levels, partly out of fear of being conscripted into Confederate service and partly because the state treasury was as bare as Mother Hubbard's cupboard. Even on those rare occasions when a paymaster visited the frontier companies, he never brought enough money to pay the men all that was due them.

It was futile to try to explain that to a man who had just lost so much. "We'll bury your dead," Rusty said, "then I'll send a couple of men to escort you and your boys to Fort Belknap."

The farmer set his jaw firmly. "We've got nobody at Belknap. Everybody we have is here, and here we're stayin'."

"You've got no roof over your head."

"We saved part of the cabin. We can rebuild it. You just stay on them red devils' trail."

Rusty saw only the man and the two boys. Fearing he already knew, he asked, "What about your womenfolks?"

The farmer cleared his throat, but his voice fell to little more than a whisper. "They're here." He knelt beside one of the covered forms and lifted the scorched blanket enough for Rusty to see a woman's bloodied face. The scalp had been ripped from her head. "My wife. Other one is our little girl. The Comanches butchered them like they was cattle."

"How come they didn't get the rest of you?"

The farmer looked at the two boys. They still carried water to throw on the cabin though the fire appeared to be out. "Me and my sons was workin' in the field. The heathens came upon the cabin so quick they was probably inside before Annalee even saw them. I hit one with my first shot, and they drawed away. All we could do for Annalee and the baby was to drag them outside before they burned." He looked at the ground as if ashamed he had been unable to do more.

Rusty was undecided whether settlers like Haines who remained on the exposed western frontier were brave or merely foolhardy. Either way, he would concede that they were tenacious.

Ruefully the farmer turned his attention back to his wife and daughter. "Conscript officers decided to pass me by on account of my age and my family." He cleared his throat again. "I wish they'd taken me. My family would've moved back to East Texas and been safe." He gave Rusty a close scrutiny. "You're a fit-lookin' specimen. Why ain't you in the Confederate Army?"

"I figured I was needed more in the rangin' service."

The Texas legislature had fought and won a grudging concession from the Richmond government to defer men serving in the frontier companies. But the agreement was often ignored by conscription officers who raided the outlying companies and took rangers whether or not they were willing to go. Those drafts had increased as the Confederacy's fortunes soured and its military ranks were decimated by battlefield casualties. So far Rusty had avoided the call, though he had a nagging hunch that time was closing in.