Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food (105 page)

C 174, 440, 442, 443, 451

composite 404, 405, 414, 440

emergency 281, 410, 413, 441, 461

operational 410, 411, 413, 441, 443

10-in-1 441

rationing 7, 10, 11, 14, 73, 108, 109, 115, 118, 123, 144, 150, 156, 166, 178, 195, 210, 220, 221, 225, 269, 279, 328, 367, 374, 418–19, 496, 498, 501

as an instrument of welfare 10, 108, 395–9, 429

cuts 7, 106, 136, 139, 157, 164, 181, 183, 194, 203, 210, 21, 245, 289–90, 310, 312, 362, 369, 371, 380–81, 383

inadequate 11, 161, 166, 171, 193, 206, 312, 331, 370–71, 481

see also under individual countries

Red Sea 106, 126, 127, 403

Reich Food Corporation (Reichsnährstand) 28, 29, 30, 77, 156, 160, 169, 374

Rhodesias, the 1201, 121, 132–5, 138

Ribbentrop, Joachim von 183, 377

rice 4, 12, 14, 53, 61, 63, 70, 85, 115, 131, 149, 165, 173, 232, 239, 240, 254, 256, 266, 272, 294, 299, 300, 301, 305, 307–8, 365, 415, 451, 467, 497

as relief aid 148, 150, 152, 481

black market in 122, 131, 136, 143, 147, 237, 243, 252

Burmese 67, 124, 129, 239, 497

cultivation52, 53, 61, 79, 129, 132, 150, 229, 231, 235, 237–8, 243, 250–51, 285, 286

exports to Japan 52, 228, 230, 234–5, 239, 240–43, 244, 245, 278, 286, 287

industry/trade 148, 150, 230, 234, 235, 237, 243, 469

price of 52–3, 58, 143, 146–7, 150, 233–4, 237, 241, 243, 247, 252–3, 278–9

rationing 249, 287, 310

riots 52

shortages 145, 146, 147, 234, 240, 245, 246, 278, 281, 287, 290, 308, 420, 496–7

switch to eating 3, 454, 456, 457, 460

yield 234, 243, 252, 476

Romania 34, 42, 69, 202, 342

Rommel, Erwin

Roosevelt, Franklin D. 68, 72, 112, 114, 152, 245, 426, 432, 478, 481

and lend-lease 76, 108

and the four freedoms 433, 476, 482

food policy 77, 422

Theodore Roosevelt 82

Rosenberg, Alfred 36, 38, 187

Russia
see
Soviet Union

rye 21, 22, 28, 29, 195, 213, 351, 370, 379, 404, 437, 450, 540n

Sakharov, Andrei 219, 225, 327, 330, 334, 346

Samoa 453, 455–7, 459

Sauckel, Fritz 210, 214, 215, 370

Schacht, Hjalmar 29

school dinners/lunch programme 396–7, 427–9

Seabrook Farms 82–4, 445, 493

second front 110, 111, 340

Senoh, Kappa 280, 287

Shanghai 246, 253, 260, 288

shipbuilding industry 103, 105, 108, 116–17, 229, 242, 286, 349, 423

shipping

diversion from Indian Ocean 125, 136, 145

losses 24, 103, 104, 110, 112, 113, 115, 117, 243, 244, 273, 286, 287, 315

shortage 66, 68, 91, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103–11, 124–7, 29, 130, 138, 140, 145, 151, 152, 229 230, 239, 240, 295, 298, 361, 366, 389

Siam 4, 230, 235, 236, 239, 283, 285

Siberia 12, 92, 205, 288, 326, 334

Singapore 236, 237, 245, 246, 283

rationing in 240

Solomon Islands 290, 291, 240, 454

Somalia 31, 126, 130, 497

Somervell, General B. B. 111, 113, 116, 439, 449

South Africa 67, 107, 120, 128, 132, 133, 404, 413, 473

south-east Asia
see
specific countries

Soviet armed forces 130, 131

behaviour in defeated Germany 342–3

casualties 317, 319

collection of food for 223–4, 323, 342

corruption 321

defeat of German armed forces 112, 177, 270, 303, 331–2, 342, 369

disarray in early years 198, 318–19, 321–2

food rations 319–20, 324, 340–41, 342, 437

foraging for food 323–4

growing food 341

hunger in 318, 320, 321, 323, 341

lack of preparation 318

lend-lease aid for 77, 112, 114, 262, 336, 340, 341

length of service tail 271

motivation for fighting 462

recovery 336

see also
eastern front

Soviet Union 68, 112, 249–50, 467, 476, 480, 483, 485

agriculture 38, 187, 188, 215, 219–27, 470–71, 489–90

agricultural crisis 9, 226, 269

attitude of citizens to government 10, 215, 462, 463, 499

and China 249, 261

and United States 177

barter economy 339

breakdown of economy 9, 325–8, 344, 464

casualties 11, 317, 344–5, 471, 555n

collective farm markets 226, 338–9

collectivization 37, 220–21, 223, 226, 262, 325

conscription 222

corruption/privilege 333–4, 335, 343

fear of punishment 223, 225, 332, 346, 464

fertilizer industry 92

food crisis 317–18, 319

food policy 11, 224, 263, 319, 328, 336–7, 345

food shortages 11, 12, 13, 214, 222, 224–5, 269–70, 327, 329, 331, 333, 335, 339, 343, 464, 490

German invasion 37, 39, 63, 66, 187, 190, 320, 326

government attitude to its citizens 10, 344–5

government collection of food 223, 262

industrial recovery 332, 335–6

industrial workers in 306, 329–30, 333, 335, 340, 422, 423, 431

lend-lease aid 339, 340, 341, 419

loss of agricultural land 73, 219, 222, 226, 319

malnutrition 343–4

people’s ability to survive 214, 216, 217, 225

post-war destruction 470–71

preparation for war 184, 220, 319

pre-war food economy 220–21, 226, 324, 325, 345

private plots 225

rationing in 77, 220, 221, 225, 327, 329–31, 334–5, 338, 339, 343, 471

reasons for fighting 270, 324, 330, 332, 345–6, 416, 464

starvation in 317–18

trade with Germany 34, 35, 69

victory gardens 334, 335, 337, 340–41

see also
aerial bombardment; black market; blockade; calorie consumption

soya 54, 61, 69, 228, 232, 240, 246, 259, 277, 281, 286, 287, 290, 291, 305, 308, 310, 329, 393, 470

as fodder 3, 19, 67

increased production 85–7, 493

impact on human health 87

increasing occurrence in western diet 87, 493

Spain 23, 67, 96, 232

Speer, Albert 370, 371, 372

Stalin, Joseph 32, 110, 112, 184, 186, 195, 220, 265, 329, 333, 336, 340, 344, 346, 464, 471, 485, 489

Stalingrad 39, 321–3, 381

Stephens, Ian 1, 142, 149