Stonehenge a New Understanding (69 page)

difficult to shape,
293

dressing area for,
248
,
250
,
299

dressing of,
247
,
293

hammerstones used for pounding,
35
,
187
,
250
,
293

sarsen circle,
23
,
34
,
37
,
40
,
167
,
255
,
338

Amesbury Archer not architect of,
209

antler picks from,
see under
antler picks

compromised stability of, for sake of symmetry,
293

dating of,
23
,
128
,
169
,
200
,
230
,
247
,
303

diameter of,
27
,
46
,
254

dimensions and weights of stones of,
292

Stone No. 11 of,
252
,
253

numbering system for,
33

possible routes for stones of,
294
,
295
,
299

Q and R Holes thought by Atkinson to be earlier than,
169

as symbol of unification,
331

transport of stones of,
268

units of measurement used in construction of,
254

see also
great trilithon; lintels; Stonehenge; trilithons

Saxons,
176
,
179
,
278
,
312

Scaife, Rob,
163

Scandinavia,
19

Scone, Stone of,
273

Scotland, Neolithic pottery found in,
20

Senni Beds,
265

Severn river, valley and estuary,
265
,
267
,
270
,
290
,
327
,
328

shamans,
154
,
177

Shaw, Lawrence,
250

sheep,
15
,
25
,
159
,
237

Shell, Colin,
154

Shelley, Pat,
172

Sheridan, Alison,
20
,
21
,
326

shortfoot,
257
,
259
,
260
,
338

Sikhs,
177

Silbury Hill,
60
,
60
,
282
,
344
,
346
,
351
,
352

Simmons, Ellen,
122

Skara Brae,
52
,
53
,
99
,
100
,
101

Skendleby,
346

Slaughter Stone,
32
,
41
,
252
,
293
,
310

Smeaton, Lee,
150

Smith, George,
216
,
221

Smith, Helen,
74

snails,
164
,
240

Soberl, Lucija,
149
,
212

Society of Antiquaries,
36
,
38
,
188
,
305

soil micromorphology,
76

solstices,
41
,
45
,
48
,
144
,
161
,
173
,
180
,
198
,
245

Somerbough, Fl.-Lt.
158

Somerset Levels,
21

South Barrow (Stonehenge),
107
,
310
,
311
,
335

South Uist,
see under
Outer Hebrides

Southern Circle, Durrington Walls,
3
,
57
,
79
,
89
,
92
,
100
,
109
,
254
,
334
,
339
,
342
,
345

better preserved than Northern Circle,
82

computer-generated image of,
90

construction of replica,
83

construction phases of,
82
,
84
,
85
,
87
,
88
,
90
,
110
,
125
,
336
,
343

D-shaped building at,
84
,
106
,
117
,
335
,
336

dry valley running from,
246

end of avenue at,
79
,
93
,
109
,
342

finds from postholes at,
58
,
81
,
89
,
90
,
117

fire pit found at,
83

flint surface around,
93
,
109
,
246

full plan of,
80
,
89
,
256

laying-out of,
256
,
334
,
336
,
343

milk pots deposited at,
126

not roofed,
89

partial excavation of,
79

pottery from,
115
,
117

radiocarbon dating of,
89
,
90
,
110

rebuilt more than once,
91

second entrance found at,
89

similarity of, to Stonehenge,
89
,
338

solsticial orientation and use of,
79
,
89
,
91
,
342

timbers used in phases of, differences between,
125

units of measurement used in construction of,
257

well-preserved,
82

years-old questions concerning,
89

Spiritualism,
177

Station Stones,
28
,
47
,
49
,
107
,
108
,
252
,
254
,
258
,
293
,
310

Stanton Drew,
274

Stenness, Stones of,
324

Stone, J. F. S. (“Jack”),
38
,
140
,
141
,
145
,
158
,
261

at Millmead,
158
,
159

at Woodlands,
159

stone circles

at Avebury,
11
,
59
,
60
,
294

at Calanais,
325
,
353

and druid worship,
179

explosion in construction of,
323

lost,
229
,
262

on Mount Killaurus,
279

in Orkney,
323

at Preseli,
277
,
283
,
288

Ring of Brodgar,
323
,
324

at Stanton Drew,
274

at Stenness,
324

at West Amesbury,
23

see also
Bluestonehenge; Stonehenge

Stone of Destiny,
274

Stone of Scone,
273

stone tools,
4
,
4n
,
15
,
58
,
63
,
134
,
154
,
233
,
246
,
280

from Preseli,
271

see also
arrowheads, axes

Stonehenge

archaeologists’ various interpretations of,
13

astronomical factors concerning,
44
,
45
,
47
,
173
,
245
,
331
;
see also
Stonehenge: and solstices

and A 303 trunk road,
156
,
227
,
231

“back-stage” facilities at,
108

BBC
Timewatch
program on dating of,
303
,
306

belief in healing powers of,
280
,
281
,
282
,
304

bluestones at,
see main entry

brief history of,
27

Bronze Age field systems encroach on,
238

cart tracks between Amesbury and,
313

center of wealth and power shifts from,
352

changes to, by 2000 BC,
346

chronology,
see
Stonehenge’s new sequence

cremation burials at,
see
cremation burials

Darvill and Wainwright’s work at,
166
,
303

Darwin’s earthworm work at,
34
,
305

dating of,
see
Stonehenge: radiocarbon dating; Stonehenge’s new sequence

decline of, gradual process,
350

decline of, socioeconomic forces lead to,
341

decline of, understanding,
344

ditch and bank at, dating of,
7
,
43

and druids,
see main entry

and Durrington Walls, Avon provides link between,
7
,
10
,
14
,
50
,
55

Durrington Walls contrasted with, in terms of burials,
197

Durrington Walls as settlement of builders of, discussed,
109

Durrington Walls not separate from,
3

earliest farmers in area of, few traces of,
23

excavations at, during Riverside Project,
3

field west of,
see
Stonehenge Palisade

first appearance of, in written records,
353

Flagstones compared to,
317

frequent rearrangement of stones at,
43

Geoffrey of Monmouth’s view of,
278

given to nation,
36

and Giza pyramids,
333

ground-surface contours of,
28

Henry of Huntingdon’s description of,
353

in
Historia Anglorum,
353

house under South Barrow at,
107

and human remains,
see
human remains

imminent further excavation unlikely at,
354

“incense burner” found at,
205
,
207
,
318

inspired by British fashions for monuments and houses,
342

“King” of,
209

landscape around,
133
,
314

last burial at, in 3rd millennium BC,
195

last great stone monument of megalithic age,
331

laying-out of, using simple means,
255

Llandegai compared to,
316

location of, reason for,
7
,
233
,
244

map showing location of,
24

mass tourism reaches,
181

Mesolithic posts under parking lot at,
135
,
136

million visitors a year attracted to,
172

Minoan and Mycenaean influences on, refuted claim for,
332