Silent Spring (45 page)

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Authors: Rachel Carson

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Hadorn, E., et al., Quoted by Charlotte Auerbach in "Chemical Mutagenesis,"
Biol. Rev.,
Vol. 24 (1949), pp. 355–91.

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Wilson, S. M., et al., "Cytological and Genetical Effects of the Defoliant Endothal,"
Jour, of Heredity,
Vol. 47 (1956), No. 4, pp. 151–55.

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Vogt, quoted by W. J. Burdette in "The Significance of Mutation in Relation to the Origin of Tumors: A Review,"
Cancer Research,
Vol. 15 (1955), No. 4, pp. 201–26.

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Swanson, Carl,
Cytology and Cytogenetics.
Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1957.

Page
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Kostoff, D., "Induction of Cytogenic Changes and Atypical Growth by Hexachlorcyclohexane,"
Science,
Vol. 109 (May 6, 1949), pp. 467–68.

Page 213
Sass, John E., "Response of Meristems of Seedlings to Benzene Hexachloride Used As a Seed Protectant,"
Science,
Vol. 114 (Nov. 2, 1951), p. 466.

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Shenefelt, R. D., "What's Behind Insect Control?" in
What's New in Farm Science.
Univ. of Wise. Agric. Exper. Station Bulletin 512 (Jan. 1955).

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Croker, Barbara H., "Effects of 2,4–D and 2,4,5–T on Mitosis in
Allium cepa," Bot. Gazette,
Vol. 114 (1953), pp. 274–83.

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Mühling, G. N., et al., "Cytological Effects of Herbicidal Substituted Phenols,"
Weeds,
Vol. 8 (1960), No. 2, pp. 173–81.

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Davis, David E., To author, Nov. 24, 1961.

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Jacobs, Patricia A., et al., "The Somatic Chromosomes in Mongolism,"
Lancet,
No. 7075 (April 4, 1959), p. 710.

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Ford, C. E., and P. A. Jacobs, "Human Somatic Chromosomes,"
Nature,
June 7, 1958, pp. 1565–68.

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"Chromosome Abnormality in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia," editorial,
Brit. Med. Jour.,
Vol. 1 (Feb. 4, 1961), p. 347.

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Bearn and German, "Chromosomes and Disease."

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Patau, K., et al., "Partial-Trisomy Syndromes. I. Sturge-Weber's Disease,"
Am. Jour. Human Genetics,
Vol. 13 (1961), No. 3, pp. 287–98.

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___, "Partial-Trisomy Syndromes. II. An Insertion As Cause of the OFD Syndrome in Mother and Daughter,"
Chromosoma
(Berlin), Vol. 12 (1961), pp. 573–84.

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Therman, E., et al., "The D Trisomy Syndrome and XO Gonadal Dysgenesis in Two Sisters,"
Am. four. Human Genetics,
Vol. 13 (1961), No. 2, pp. 193–204.

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Hueper, W. C., "Newer Developments in Occupational and Environmental Cancer,"
A.M.A. Archives Inter. Med.,
Vol. 100 (Sept. 1957), pp. 487–503.

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___, Occupational Tumors and Allied Diseases.
Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1942.

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___, "Environmental Cancer Hazards: A Problem of Community Health,"
Southern Med. Jour.,
Vol. 50 (1957), No. 7, pp. 923–33.

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"Estimated Numbers of Deaths and Death Rates for Selected Causes: United States," Annual Summary for 1959, Pt. 2,
Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
Vol. 7, No. 13 (July 22, 1959), p. 14. Natl. Office of Vital Statistics, Public Health Service.

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1962 Cancer Facts and Figures,
American Cancer Society.

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Vital Statistics of the United States, 1959.
Natl. Office of Vital Statistics, Public Health Service. Vol. I, Sec. 6, Mortality Statistics. Table 6–K.

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Hueper, W. C.,
Environmental and Occupational Cancer.
Public Health Reports, Supplement 209 (1948).

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"Food Additives,"
Hearings,
85th Congress, Subcom. of Com. on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, July 19, 1957. Testimony of Dr. Francis E. Ray, p. 200.

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Hueper,
Occupational Tumors and Allied Diseases.

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___, "Potential Role of Non-Nutritive Food Additives and Contaminants as Environmental Carcinogens,"
A.M.A. Archives Path.,
Vol. 62 (Sept. 1956), pp. 218–49.

Page 224
"Tolerances for Residues of Aramite,"
Federal Register,
Sept. 30, 1955. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare.

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"Notice of Proposal to Establish Zero Tolerances for Aramite,"
Federal Register,
April 26, 1958. Food and Drug Administration.

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"Aramite—Revocation of Tolerances; Establishment of Zero Tolerances,"
Federal Register,
Dec. 24, 1958. Food and Drug Administration.

Page
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Von Oettingen, W. F.,
The Halogenated Aliphatic, Olefinic, Cyclic, Aromatic, and Aliphatic-Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Including the Halogenated Insecticides, Their Toxicity and Potential Dangers.
U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service Publ. No. 414 (1955).

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Hueper, W. C., and W. W. Payne, "Observations on the Occurrence of Hepatomas in Rainbow Trout,"
Jour. Natl. Cancer Inst.,
Vol. 27 (1961), pp. 1123–43.

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VanEsch, G. J., et al., "The Production of Skin Tumours in Mice by Oral Treatment with Urethane-Isopropyl-N-Phenyl Carbamate or Isopropyl-N-Chlorophenyl Carbamate in Combination with Skin Painting with Croton Oil and Tween 60,"
Brit. Jour. Cancer,
Vol. 12 (1958), pp. 355—62.

Pages 225–26
"Scientific Background for Food and Drug Administration Action against Aminotriazole in Cranberries." Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Nov. 17, 1959. Mimeo.

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Rutstein, David, Letter to
New York Times,
Nov. 16, 1959.

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Hueper, W. C., "Causal and Preventive Aspects of Environmental
Cancer,"
Minnesota Med.,
Vol. 39 (Jan. 1956), pp. 5–11, 22.

Page 227
"Estimated Numbers of Deaths and Death Rates for Selected Causes: United States," Annual Summary for 1960, Pt. 2,
Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
Vol. 9, No. 13 (July 28, 1961), Table 3.

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Robert Cushman Murphy et al.
v.
Ezra Taft Benson et al.
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of New York, Oct. 1959, Civ. No. 17610. Testimony of Dr. Malcolm M. Hargraves.

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Hargraves, Malcolm M., "Chemical Pesticides and Conservation Problems," address to 23rd Annual Conv. Natl. Wildlife Fed. (Feb. 27, 1959). Mimeo.

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___, and D. G. Hanlon, "Leukemia and Lymphoma—Environmental Diseases?" paper presented at Internatl. Congress of Hematology, Japan, Sept. 1960. Mimeo.

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Wright, C., et al., "Agranulocytosis Occurring after Exposure to a DDT Pyrethrum Aerosol Bomb,"
Am. Jour. Med.,
Vol. 1 (1946), pp. 562–67.

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Jedlicka, V., "Paramyeloblastic: Leukemia Appearing Simultaneously in Two Blood Cousins after Simultaneous Contact with Gammexane (Hexachlorcyclohexane),"
Acta Med. Scand.,
Vol. 161 (1958), pp. 447–51.

Pages 229–30
Friberg, L., and J. Martensson, "Case of Panmyelopthisis after Exposure to Chlorophenothane and Benzene Hexachloride," (A.M.A.)
Archives Indus. Hygiene and Occupat. Med.,
Vol. 8 (1953), No. 2, pp. 166–69.

Pages 231–33
Warburg, Otto, "On the Origin of Cancer Cells,"
Science,
Vol. 123, No. 3191 (Feb. 24, 1956), pp. 309–14.

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Sloan-Kettering Inst. for Cancer Research,
Biennial Report,
July 1, 1957–June 30, 1959, p. 72.

Page 233
Levan, Albert, and John J. Biesele, "Role of Chromosomes in Cancerogenesis, As Studied in Serial Tissue Culture of Mammalian Cells,"
Annals New York Acad. Sci.,
Vol. 71 (1958), No. 6, pp. 1022–53.

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Hunter, F. T., "Chronic Exposure to Benzene (Benzol). II. The Clinical Effects,"
Jour. Indus. Hygiene and Toxicol.,
Vol. 21 (1939), pp. 331–54.

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Mallory, T. B., et al., "Chronic Exposure to Benzene (Benzol). III. The Pathologic Results,"
Jour. Indus. Hygiene and Toxicol.,
Vol. 21 (1939), pp. 355–93.

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Hueper,
Environmental and Occupational Cancer,
pp. 1–69.

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___, "Recent Developments in Environmental Cancer,"
A.M.A. Archives Path.,
Vol. 58 (1954), pp. 475–523.

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Burnet, F. Macfarlane, "Leukemia As a Problem in Preventive Medicine,"
New Eng. Jour. Med.,
Vol. 259 (1958), No. 9, pp. 423–31.

Page
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Klein, Michael, "The Transplacental Effect of Urethan on Lung Tumorigenesis in Mice,"
Jour. Natl. Cancer Inst.,
Vol. 12 (1952), pp. 1003–10.

Pages 235–37
Biskind, M. S., and G. R. Biskind, "Diminution in Ability of the Liver to Inactivate Estrone in Vitamin B Complex Deficiency,"
Science,
Vol. 94, No. 2446 (Nov. 1941), p. 462.

Pages 235–37
Biskind, G. R., and M. S. Biskind, "The Nutritional Aspects of Certain Endocrine Disturbances,"
Am. Jour. Clin. Path.,
Vol. 16 (1946), No. 12, pp. 737–45.

Pages 235–37
Biskind, M. S., and G. R. Biskind, "Effect of Vitamin B Complex
Deficiency on Inactivation of Estrone in the Liver,"
Endocrinology,
Vol. 31 (1942), No. 1, pp. 109–14.

Pages 235–37
Biskind, M. S., and M. C. Shelesnyak, "Effect of Vitamin B Complex Deficiency on Inactivation of Ovarian Estrogen in the Liver,"
Endocrinology,
Vol. 30 (1942), No. 5, pp. 819–20.

Pages 235–37
Biskind, M. S., and G. R. Biskind, "Inactivation of Testosterone Propionate in the Liver During Vitamin B Complex Deficiency. Alteration of the Estrogen-Androgen Equilibrium,"
Endocrinology,
Vol. 32 (1943), No. 1, pp. 97–102.

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Greene, H. S. N., "Uterine Adenomata in the Rabbit. III. Susceptibility As a Function of Constitutional Factors,"
Jour. Exper. Med.,
Vol. 73 (1941), No. 2, pp. 273–92.

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Horning, E. S., and J. W. Whittick, "The Histogenesis of Stil-boestrol-Induced Renal Tumours in the Male Golden Hamster,"
Brit. Jour. Cancer,
Vol. 8 (1954), pp. 451–57.

Page
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Kirkman, Hadley,
Estrogen-Induced Tumors of the Kidney in the Syrian Hamster.
U.S. Public Health Service, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph No. 1 (Dec. 1959).

Page
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Ayre, J. E., and W. A. G. Bauld, "Thiamine Deficiency and High Estrogen Findings in Uterine Cancer and in Menorrhagia,"
Science,
Vol. 103, No. 2676 (April 12, 1946), pp. 441–45.

Pages 236–37
Rhoads, C. P., "Physiological Aspects of Vitamin Deficiency,"
Proc. Inst. Med. Chicago,
Vol. 13 (1940), p. 198.

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Sugiura, K., and C. P. Rhoads, "Experimental Liver Cancer in Rats and Its Inhibition by Rice-Bran Extract, Yeast, and Yeast Extract,"
Cancer Research,
Vol. 1 (1941), pp. 3–16.

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Martin, H., "The Precancerous Mouth Lesions of Avitaminosis B. Their Etiology, Response to Therapy and Relationship to Intra-oral Cancer,"
Am. Jour. Surgery,
Vol. 57 (1942), pp. 195–225.

Page 237
Tannenbaum, A., "Nutrition and Cancer," in Freddy Homburger, ed.,
Physiopathology of Cancer.
New York: Harper, 1959. 2nd ed. A Paul B. Hoeber Book. P. 552.

Page
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Symeonidis, A., "Post-starvation Gynecomastia and Its Relationship to Breast Cancer in Man,"
Jour. Natl. Cancer Inst.,
Vol. 11 (1950), p. 656.

Page
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Davies, J. N. P., "Sex Hormone Upset in Africans,"
Brit. Med. Jour.,
Vol. 2 (1949), pp. 676–79.

Pages 237–38
Hueper, "Potential Role of Non-Nutritive Food Additives."

Page
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VanEsch et al., "Production of Skin Tumours in Mice by Carbamates."

Page
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Berenblum, I., and N. Trainin, "Possible Two-Stage Mechanism in Experimental Leukemogenesis,"
Science,
Vol. 132 (July 1, 1960), pp. 40–41.

Pages 238–39
Hueper, W. C., "Cancer Hazards from Natural and Artificial Water Pollutants,"
Proc.,
Conf. on Physiol. Aspects of Water Quality, Washington, D.C., Sept. 8–9, 1960, pp. 181–93. U.S. Public Health Service.

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Hueper and Payne, "Observations on Occurrence of Hepatomas in Rainbow Trout."

Page
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Sloan-Kettering Inst, for Cancer Research,
Biennial Report,
1957–59.

Pages 240–42
Hueper, W. C., To author.

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Briejèr, C. J., "The Growing Resistance of Insects to Insecticides,"
Atlantic Naturalist,
Vol. 13 (1958), No. 3, pp. 149–55.

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