ReVISIONS (19 page)

“Relax, Enzu. Please. Where are my manners? I sound like a lawyer.” Ikuppi laughed. “Let us sit together. Here, here, sit with me, let us enjoy this excellent wine. Praise to Geshtinana.”

“Praise be,” he echoed automatically, and drank to cover his confusion and horror. Was his fiction being taken as an expression of support for the Bin-Shimal?

“What a challenging land we live in, eh, Enzu?” Ikuppi leaned back against the wall, smiled engagingly. “Ten thousand
buru
of flat earth, with no minerals, no stone, and no trees. In the summer, the fields are baked dry, and no rain for three-quarters of the year.”

“Yes,” Enzu tried a note of irony. “The Land is a truly a paradise.”

“Who would want to be ruler of this? Just one bad harvest from starvation, in fields that only produce because we sentence people to perpetual labor maintaining canals. And harassed on all sides by nomads and poachers, barbarians from the rims of the world.”

“They probably look at
us
as poachers when we send troops up to cut their trees,” said Enzu.

“They are savages. Jackals.”

“The jackal is a lion in his own neighborhood.”

“Well put,” said Ikuppi. “Speaking of lions. Do you know where your king is? Lugalzagesi's out shooting lions this week. Well, actually, he doesn't do a lot of the shooting. He has archers and spearmen for that. He mostly does the posing in the chariot for the artists.”

Enzu let his mounting rage slip. “And where might
Sargon
be?”

“Sargon?” Ikuppi replied mildly. “For all I know, he might be reading your story by now. He is an educated man with a taste for literature.”

That stopped Enzu cold.

“This isn't about politics, Enzu, this is about markets. As you say in your story, without printing, the fall of Sumer would have been an inevitability. Printing brought your cities together around common standards: language, measurement, law. And those standards reduced the risk in travel and transporting goods, so your markets prospered.

“We're no fools, we did the same up in Akkad. But now we both have reached the limits of what we can do alone. We live in the same Land, along the same rivers, facing the same enemies. Ultimately, it's about unifying the Left and the Right.

“You and I, Enzu, we're scribes, we know the power of the word. And you have used this power in a new way that can help us think through, and shape, the future. If Sumer can't appreciate your vision, Bu-di-zi would be happy, I think, to sponsor such a talented hand as yours.”

“I will consider it.”

Ikuppi smiled. “I know you are both an honest man and a careful thinker, so I will leave you to ‘continue the line.' ”

 

When he returned from showing Ikuppi-Adad to the door, Mari was hunched under the courtyard awning, staring blankly at the water basin. The noon sun beat mercilessly in the still air of the atrium. She looked up as he sat next to her and he shook his head.

“With them,” he said sadly, “There would only be danger and fear.”

“But could you do it for a while? To make some money?”

“Mari, we have enough to live . . .”

“To live?” She spat. “To live in a barren netherworld.”

Enzu sighed, put an arm around his wife. “We will find a way to have a child.”

“Useless amulets and boxes of centipedes are all we can afford. The only real solution is beyond our means.”

“Beloved, we've talked about this. It's not as simple as buying a host concubine. How could we support her?”

“We could sell this house. My father says we are welcome to move back to their farm. That would give us enough room,” said Mari, pleading.

“Room, yes. But where could we find work? And what happens when your brother takes over? Would we just become field hands?”

“It would be worth it.”

He looked into her eyes for a long time. “Yes,” he said, “Yes, it would be worth all of that. But you know your father's fields are becoming less productive. Each year, the white lands expand. And the taxes to support the war in the north grow. How much longer would they be able to afford us?”

“More of your ‘continued lines'? Must we live every day in fear of your imagination?” Tears began to leak from her eyes.

“I'm sorry. I have no way to ignore the possible futures which present themselves.”

“I'm sorry, too. I know you only look for what's best for us.”

“And I'm willing to consider your father's offer. But before that, I have one last thing to try.”

“What's left?” said Mari. “You've been denied by all your former pupils. The temple has turned you down. And that fool Yadidatum is a useless parasite.”

“For a long time, I've been convinced that there might just be one person in Sumer who would really understand my work. One man who might believe in it and sponsor me. I have to at least try.”

“Try with who?”

“The inventor of printing.”

Everyone knew where Ilammadu lived: an enormous estate just outside Eridu, a three-hour walk south from Ur. So Enzu awoke before dawn, packed his tablets, kissed Mari, and headed out with only the stars and the desert wind for company.

The stars, the wind—and incessant thoughts. Could he really give up writing? Go back to working the land? Given the choice between a comfortable and secure life as a scribe for Sargon, and eking out a hardscrabble existence on a farm, would he be able to make a decision he could live with?

He felt that he finally understood Enkidu's final curse. Civilization was more than humans could bear.

Columns of smoke from Ilammadu's compound were visible a long way off. Even this early in the morning, big kilns were already busy firing the day's production of tablets.

Before he could even see the bakehouse chimneys, guards intercepted him. Half expecting to be immediately turned back, he was surprised that they recognized his name. He was even more surprised when he was welcomed and bundled into a cart for the ride to the main house.

It was bigger than his whole schoolhouse had been back in its heyday. The walls were mudbrick, baked and painted to the height of a man, with glazed terra-cotta insets of lions and snake-dragons. Above the entrance rose wooden roof beams that seemed the thickness and length of whole trees. Enzu had never seen such construction outside of the temple and the palace. The guard led him through a maze of passageways, and into an inner courtyard, open to the sky.

In the center of the square stood an enormous stone
apzu
, an ornately sculpted ceremonial water tank, waist-high and dozens of cubits square. To the side was a table, shaded by an awning, and it was here the guard deposited the thoroughly dazed scribe.

“How much does a tablet weigh?” came a voice from the tank.

Incapable of more amazement, he simply answered. “A standard administrative text weighs about 4
mina
.”

“Not easy to carry around. And you appear to have several in your bag.”

“Thirteen.”

A hand appeared on the lip of the tank, then the head and shoulders of Ilammadu rose, dripping. A crinkled, sun-baked face; Enzu was startled at how young he was, then realized his mistake. The clean-shaven chin was deceptive.

“In just ten years, we have enhanced reading speed by standardizing on left-to-right order. We have made obsolete the crabbed, stuff-it-in-one-tablet stylus-work of the scribe. And we have retrieved the simplicity and beauty of our signs. All byproducts of printing.”

“Your invention has been most successful.”

“And yet, no fundamental change in the tablet. The costs to prepare and move all that heavy clay.” Ilammadu nodded at the table. “What do you make of that material?”

Enzu looked next to him. Piled there was a stack of thin sheets, yellowish matter shot through with rough fibers. The top one was decorated with a series of small, ornate images.

“Paintings. On a substance I don't recognize.”

“You will. That is papyrus, Enzu. And those are no paintings—that is written language from the kingdom of the Nile.”

“A painted language . . .” Enzu was intrigued.

“But you see the problem,” said Ilammadu.

“Of course,” said Enzu, distractedly, staring at the papyrus. He picked up a corner and rubbed it with his fingers. “You could never print into this.”

“The priestess was right about you, Enzu. You're a sharp one.” Illamadu climbed out of the tank, slipped on a smoothly-woven loincloth. “I'd like to hear your thoughts on something. Come, let me show you my printing room.”

Enzu reached for his bag, but Illamadu checked him. “No need—I've already read it.”

“Ningal-ummi?”

“Yes, she provided a copy. Most intriguing. I like your voice. It's fresh.”

“Thank you. Most of all, I detest repetition and formula. How often can you say, ‘His face was like that of a man who walks a long road.' ”

“Indeed. Tired phrases from the spoken world of yesteryear.”

Ilammadu motioned him into a low, square building, open on both ends, with laborers ferrying materials in and out. To the right, workers hauled wooden trays of freshly smoothed clay to a low, flat stone in the center of the room. Above, two print-men wrestled with an enormous cylinder, balanced with pulleys and counterweights, wrapped with a thin bronze printing plate. As he watched, the sweating men swung the cylinder down and rolled it into the clay, rotating it as it moved, pressing the signs into the soft surface. When the plate reached the end, workers whisked out the tray and began trimming clay with knives, wipers cleaned the bronze plate, and the print-men swung it back into position to start again.

Even though Enzu had been in print houses many times, he still marveled at the speed and efficiency of the process. He knew how much organization went into preparing for this deceptively simple act; the coordinated efforts that prepared the clay, stoked the kilns, and moved finished tablets out to the cities.

“What types of tablets do you print here? Do you produce any fiction?”

“Enzu, I know you are anxious, but what I'm going to show you will explain much.” They walked out, past the kiln to a smaller building, guarded by two husky men with gleaming copper knives.

In the narrow entrance room was a table, on which sat three small bronze cubes, a little bigger than a thumbnail. Enzu had a moment of doubt. What could be of such value here? Had Ilammadu lost touch with reality?

“Look at these blocks.” Ilammadu presented the three cubes, and Enzu saw raised signs reversed on their faces, clearly tiny printing plates.

“Three different plates. The signs for Ash. For Ba. Zu.”

“Suppose they weren't three different plates?” He held the blocks together and Enzu read them.

“Zu-ba-ash. That's what? Not a word.”

“Try this.” He rearranged the blocks.

“Ba-ash-zu. To be ashamed . . . of sweat? That doesn't make sense.”

Ilammadu scrambled the blocks. “Again.”

“Ash-ba-zu. A unique house of knowledge?” He frowned, thinking. “I'm not . . . how to say it, seeing your point.”

“Continue this line. Ten years ago, we were inscribing words in wet clay with reeds, sign by sign. Then, I borrowed from cylinder seals the idea of molding a plate with a full tablet of signs and rolling it out. Now, suppose, instead of having to cast those plates whole, you could assemble them,” he held up the bronze blocks, “from these?”

Enzu's mind spun. “You would need dozens—hundreds of the sign-blocks.”

“In here.” Through the door was a printing room—but smaller than any he had seen. A compact stone sat in the center, with a rectangular wooden frame suspended above it, and, lining the walls, rack after rack of identical sign plates. A servant carried in a freshly prepared tray of clay, and Illamadu strode to the table, where the wooden frame hung suspended. He motioned Enzu to look, and from beneath, he saw that the frame was packed with rows of the cubes, held in place with screw-presses from the side.

“It's flat!” Enzu exclaimed. “A flat printing form.”

“Yes,” said Illamadu. He nodded, and the servant slid the clay beneath the frame. “In order to hold the sign-cubes, I've had to give up the cylindrical plate.”

Illamadu lowered the frame into the clay; when he cranked it back up, the new tablet had taken a crisp impress. The servant slid out the clay, and began wiping the plate with a blackened rag.

“Amazing,” said Enzu. “This will make it possible to set up and change texts at will. With a ready store of the sign-cubes, it could be done anywhere, and cheaply.” He thought for a moment. “But, it still doesn't address the weight of the tablets. What about that?”