Quantum Theory Cannot Hurt You (21 page)

Hawking, Stephen,
1
,
2

Heisenberg, Werner,
1

Helium

alpha particles,
1
,
2

liquid,
1

nuclear fusion,
1

properties,
1

structure,
1
,
2
n
,
3

Helium-3,
1

Herman, Robert,
1

Houtermans, Fritz,
1

Hoyle, Fred,
1
n

Hubble, Edwin,
1

Hubble’s law,
1

Hydrogen,
1

atomic structure,
1
n
,
2

nuclear fusion,
1
,
2

Hydrogen bomb,
1

Indistinguishability of microscopic objects

electron spin and,
1

interference and,
1
,
2

Pauli exclusion principle and,
1

significance of,
1
,
2

Inertia,
1

Inflation of Universe,
1

Interference

decoherence and,
1

evidence of,
1

indistinguishability and,
1

Many Worlds idea and,
1

obstacles to,
1

particle physics,
1
,
2
,
3

pattern smearing,
1

superposition and,
1

uncertainty principle,
1

Inverse-square law,
1

Ions,
1
,
2
n

Kepler, Johannes,
1

Kerr, Roy,
1

Lamb shift,
1
n

Lasers,
1

Lavoisier, Antoine,
1

Leibniz, Gottfried,
1
n

Lemaître, Georges-Henri,
1

Light

ability to penetrate matter,
1

atomic theory and,
1

bending of, by gravity,
1

boson behaviour and,
1

cosmic background radiation,
1

curvature of space and,
1

dual wave-particle nature,
1

effect of gravity of time and,
1

as electromagnetic wave,
1
,
2

interference,
1

mass of,
1

as particle phenomenon,
1

photoelectric effect,
1

as wave phenomenon,
1

See also
Speed of light

Liquids, behaviour of,
1

Lithium,
1
,
2
,
3

Location of particle, uncertainty principle,
1

Many Worlds idea,
1

Marsden, Ernest,
1
,
2

Mass

in empty space,
1

as form of energy,
1
,
2

gravity and,
1
,
2

of protons,
1

speed and,
1

transformation into energy,
1

See also
Matter

Mass spectrograph,
1

Matter

antimatter and,
1

atomic structure,
1
,
2
,
3

creation in empty space,
1
,
2

critical mass,
1
,
2

dark matter,
1
,
2

distribution in universe,
1

light and,
1

properties of, determinants of,
1

in space-time distortion,
1

teleportation,
1

See also
Mass

Maxwell, James Clerk,
1

Maxwell’s wave,
1

Mercury,
1

Metals

electric current in,
1

superconductors,
1

Microwave radiation.
See
Cosmic background radiation

Minkowski, Hermann,
1

Momentum,
1
,
2

Multiple universes,
1
,
2

Multiverse.
See
Multiple universes

Muons,
1

Neutrinos,
1

Neutron star,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

Neutrons,
1

Newtonian physics,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8

Night sky,
1
,
2

Nobel Prize,
1
,
2
,
3

Nonlocality,
1
,
2

Novikov, Igor,
1

Nuclear force,
1

Nuclear fusion,
1
,
2

Nucleus, atomic

alpha particle escape from,
1
,
2

collision of nuclei,
1

electron (s) and,
1
,
2
,
3

nuclear force in,
1

structure and properties,
1
,
2
,
3

Observation

of atomic behaviour and properties,
1
,
2
,
3

effect of gravity of time and,
1

electron ejection event,
1

instantaneous influence and,
1

principle of relativity,
1
,
2
,
3

probability wave flipping,
1

of quantum behaviour,
1
,
2

of speed of light,
1

of superposition,
1
,
2
,
3

superposition of atoms,
1

uncertainty principle of,
1

visibility of stars,
1

Olbers, Heinrich,
1

Olbers’ paradox,
1

Orbitals, electron,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

properties of atoms and,
1

Orbits, planetary,
1

Page, Leigh,
1

Parallel realities,
1
,
2

Particle physics

creation of mass-energy,
1

entanglement,
1

light,
1
,
2

momentum,
1

probability waveflipping,
1

quantum theory,
1

spin,
1

uncertainty principle,
1

Pauli, Wolfgang,
1

Pauli exclusion principle,
1

Penzias, Arno,
1

Perlmutter, Saul,
1

Perrin, Jean Baptiste,
1

Photoelectric effect,
1
,
2

Photons

cosmic background radiation,
1

creation of,
1
,
2

discovery,
1

dual wave-particle nature,
1

effective mass,
1
,
2

indistinguishability,
1

predictability of behaviour of,
1

superposition,
1
,
2
,
3

See also
Bosons

Planetary orbits,
1

Pollen grains,
1

Predictability of phenomenon,
1

Pressure,
1

Probability

boson behaviour,
1

in quantum theory,
1

Probability wave,
1
,
2
,
3

of bosons,
1

decoherence,
1

flipping of,
1

Protons

atomic structure,
1
n

mass,
1

nuclear fusion,
1

tunnelling,
1

Prout, William,
1

Pulsars,
1

Quanta,
1

Quantum bits,
1

Quantum computers

application,
1

conceptual basis,
1

current status,
1
,
2

design challenges,
1
,
2

operation in multiple universes,
1

power of,
1
,
2
,
3

qubits,
1

role of interference in,
1
,
2

Quantum fluctuations,
1

Quantum numbers,
1
,
2

Quantum theory

atomic theory and,
1

behaviour of large objects in,
1

chemical properties and,
1

of entanglement,
1

existence of multiple universes in,
1

Feynman on,
1

future prospects,
1

general theory of relativity and,
1

of gravity,
1

of particle spin,
1

probability in,
1

purpose,
1

quanta in,
1

significance of,
1

of spooky action at distance,
1

uncertainty principle in,
1

wave-particle duality in,
1

Quantum vacuum,
1

Quasars,
1

Qubits.
See
Quantum bits

Radio waves,
1

Radioactivity,
1

Radium,
1

Red dwarf star,
1

Reflectivity,
1
,
2
,
3

Relativistic aberration/beaming, 88
n

Relativity

principle of,
1

See also
General theory of relativity;

Special theory of relativity

Riefenstahl, Charlotte,
1

Rohrer, Heinrich,
1

Rutherford, Ernest,
1
,
2
,
3

Scanning tunnelling microscope,
1

Schmidt, Brian,
1

Schrödinger, Erwin,
1

Schrödinger equation,
1
,
2

Scott, Dave,
1

Shell, atomic,
1

Simultaneity,
1

Singularity,
1
,
2

Size of atoms,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

Soddy, Frederick,
1

Sodium,
1

Space

curvature of,
1

emptiness of,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

general theory of relativity,
1

relationship to time,
1

special theory of relativity,
1
,
2

Special theory of relativity,
1
,
2

energy and mass relationship in,
1

gravity in,
1

implications for physics,
1

principles of,
1
,
2

real-world implications,
1

shortcomings,
1

simultaneity,
1

Speed

of alpha particles,
1

of gravity,
1

instantaneous influence,
1

of light.
See
Speed of light

mass and,
1

of muons,
1

of radio waves,
1

theory of relativity,
1

See also
Acceleration; Velocity of particle

Speed of light

as maximum limit of speed,
1
,
2
,
3

particle speed in excess of,
1

principle of relativity,
1

special theory of relativity,
1
,
2

speed of light source and,
1

spooky action at a distance and,
1
,
2
,
3

Speliotopoulos, Achilles,
1

Spin, particle

in Cooper pairs,
1

electron distinguishability,
1

integer/half-integer,
1

probability waveflipping and,
1

properties of particles,
1

spooky action at a distance and,
1

Spooky action at distance,
1

Stars.
See
Sun/stars

Stoppard, Tom,
1

Strong nuclear force,
1
,
2

Sun/stars

darkness of night sky,
1

energy of,
1

life cycle,
1
,
2

light from,
1

neutron stars,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

physics of,
1

red dwarfs,
1

supernovas,
1
,
2

warping of space-time by,
1

weight of,
1

white dwarfs,
1
,
2
,
3

Suntzeff, Nick,
1

Superconductors,
1

Superfluids,
1

Supernova,
1
,
2

Superposition

conceptual basis,
1

decoherence,
1

definition,
1

interference in,
1
,
2

observability,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4

in quantum computing,
1
,
2

Superstring theory,
1