Private Empire: ExxonMobil and American Power (95 page)

Burma, 244

Burt, Richard, 292

Bush, Barbara, 235

Bush, George H. W., 13, 69, 80–81, 235, 247, 252, 314, 557, 565

Bush, George W., xiv, 76, 77, 143, 145–47, 181, 229, 239, 248, 249, 257, 258, 266, 277, 278, 280, 285, 290, 293, 301, 340, 364, 412, 418, 430, 444, 468, 531, 543, 557, 559, 568, 570

addiction-to-oil speech of, 435–39, 445

on alternate energy, 436–37

on climate change, 89, 90, 91, 303

Consumer Safety Act signed by, 493

Equatorial Guinea policy and, 294–96

in Moscow visit, 258–59

oil dependency issue and, 303–4

Putin and, 250–51, 252

Bush, Jeb, 606

Bush, Laura, 250

Bush (G.H.W.) administration, 162, 280

Bush (G. W.) administration, 70, 101, 112–13, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 134–35, 174–75, 183, 189, 204, 205, 254, 259, 265, 266, 267, 274, 276, 277, 290–91, 301–2, 304, 365, 441, 499, 545, 561, 563, 564, 568–69, 570, 620, 622

Aceh war intervention of, 395–96, 400

alternate energy issue and, 436–37

Chad and, 366–67

Chavez regime and, 411–12

China oil policy and, 242

climate change issue and, 179, 183–84, 337–38

climate change working group of, 89–91

energy policy and, 69

Equatorial Guinea policy and, 143, 145–46, 147–49, 296, 514–15, 518, 520, 531, 532

Iraq oil industry and, 564–66, 572

Iraq War and, 228, 231, 236–37, 247–48

John Doe
lawsuit and, 401–2

Nigeria policy and, 468–69

Voluntary Principles and, 404

BusinessWeek,
104

Calil, Eli, 285

Cameron, James, 528

Cameroon, 138–39, 141–42, 145, 147, 150, 154, 155, 350, 515

Chad-Kribi pipeline and, 163–65

Campbell, John, 143–44, 455–56, 462

Canada, 51, 58, 440, 453, 598

and pipeline to U.S., 623

tar sands deposits of, 55, 192, 421, 544–48

U.S. oil relationship with, 544, 548

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, 546

cap-and-trade system, 226, 535, 538–40, 547, 551, 555

Brookings study on, 553–54

ExxonMobil’s opposition to, 536–37, 541

Obama on, 540–41

Waxman-Markey bill and, 552–53

carbon dioxide, 78, 80, 83–84, 88, 89, 91, 226, 311, 348, 436, 617–18, 619, 620

carbon tax, 535–36, 539, 541–43, 556, 596

ExxonMobil’s endorsement of, 537–39, 541, 549, 552–53

Carlon, Joseph R., 30

Carroll, Philip J., Jr., 231, 233, 235–36, 565

Carson, Johnnie, 471, 531

Carter, Jimmy, 238–39, 401, 435

Carter, Susan, 341

Carter administration, 76

Cassidy & Associates, 291–92, 295, 296, 297, 518–20

Castel, P. Kevin, 430, 431, 432–33

Catholic Relief Services, 167, 169

Cato Institute for Public Policy Research, 184

Cazzaniga, Vicenzo, 197–98

Cejka, Tim, 587, 591–92

Center for Policy Innovation, 552

Center for Public Integrity, 612

Center for Responsive Politics, 494

Center for Strategic and International Studies, 613

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 482

Central African Republic, 155

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 2, 72, 207, 238, 241, 297, 470, 516

Chad operations of, 172–73, 174–75, 352–53

Equatorial Guinea coup and, 292–93

M.E.N.D. analyzed by, 463

Cerro Negro Association Agreement, 414

Chad, 20, 154–76, 192, 232, 349–70, 440, 453, 522, 622

Al Qaeda threat and, 172–73

Bush (G. W.) administration’s agreement with, 366–67

Chad-Kribi pipeline in, 163–66

C.I.A. operations in, 172–73, 174–75, 352–53

corruption and waste in, 353–54, 356, 359

Darfur crisis and, 356–57, 362–65

Déby coup in, 155–57

Esso’s exploration of, 157–58

ExxonMobil’s operations in, 159–60, 162–63, 167–70, 349–51, 354–55, 359, 361–62, 367–68, 370

F.A.R.F. suppressed in, 167

Habré regime of, 155

Kome-5 faculty of, 349–50, 354

Obama’s visit to, 368–70

oil deposits of, 157–58

rebel raid on, 363–64

resource curse and, 166–67, 360

Sahel region of, 172, 173

State Department and, 154, 354

Sudan conflict and, 351–52, 356–57, 363–64

tax dispute and, 367–68

U.S. relations with, 158–59, 170, 174–75

Wolfowitz-World Bank crisis of, 360–66, 367

World Bank-Exxon deal and, 163–69, 350, 353–56, 358

Chaplin, John Paul, xiii, 453–54, 456, 457, 465, 467, 469–70

Chaves, Milton, 424

Chavez, Hugo, xv, 408–9, 411–12, 424, 425, 426–28, 432–34

Orinoco operations seizure and, 422–23

royalties dispute and, 415–17

see also
Venezuela

chemical industry, 478–87

DINP and, 482–84, 486, 487

ExxonMobil lobbying and, 485–87

Hazard Index and, 481

phthalates used in, 481–87, 489–91

precautionary principle and, 480, 484–85

risk analysis and, 479–81, 484

Cheney, Lynne, 68, 270

Cheney, Richard B., xiv, 76, 77, 143, 145–46, 162, 173, 181, 204, 205, 235, 243–45, 255, 267, 270, 304, 323, 324, 406, 438, 462, 497

energy policy and, 69–70, 89–91, 320–21

Raymond’s friendship with, 70–71, 239–40, 247–48, 276

Chesapeake Energy, 591

Chesebro, Stephen, 262

Chevalier, Jeff, 611

Chevron Corporation, 31, 36, 40, 51, 70, 277, 322, 340, 488, 550, 578, 595–96, 608

Chad and, 159, 172, 368, 369–70

Iraqi oil industry and, 229, 568

Kazakhstan project of, 252

liquefied natural gas industry and, 581

lobbying by, 342, 540–41

Nigeria and, 454, 457, 463, 475

oil reserves of, 58

R.O.C.E. of, 596

Russian oil industry and, 254–55, 258–59, 273

Texaco merged with, 61, 275, 277

Venezuela operations of, 414, 415, 418

Chile, 287

China, People’s Republic of, 18, 81, 82, 83, 224, 240–45, 246, 247, 266, 272–73, 297, 303, 308, 310, 324, 345, 368, 415, 425, 440, 449, 453, 486, 512, 513, 546, 547, 555, 559, 617, 618, 620

Africa oil trade of, 241–42

“Go Out” policy of, 241

oil dependency of, 243–44

oil imports of, 240–41, 420, 422

U.S. Navy and, 243–44, 245

Chong, Tommy, 108, 110

Chow, Ed, 36

Chronic Hazard Advisory Panel (C.H.A.P.), 483, 492

Chu, Steven, 543

Cirigliano, Tom, 187

CITGO gas stations, 430

Citigroup, 169, 315, 361

Citizens United vs. Federal Election Commission,
624

Clark, Wayne, 520–21

Clarke, D. L., 382

Clement, Paul, 406–7

Climate Central, 620

climate change, 134, 179, 240, 311, 545, 583

Airlie Center conference on, 345–47

BP and, 224–26

Bush administration and, 179, 183–84, 337–38

Bush working group on, 89–91

Copenhagen talks on, 555

ExxonMobil and, 91–92, 179–80, 182–86, 187, 310–11, 534–35, 536–37, 543

forecasts of, 310–11

Global System Model of, 337

greenhouse effect and, 77–78

G. W. Bush’s skepticism of, 303

Kyoto Protocol and,
see
Kyoto Protocol

oil industry and, 84–89

public confusion on, 619–20

Raymond’s doubts of, 181, 183, 184–85, 187, 309, 311

Rio summit and, 80–81

Tillerson and, 335–38, 347, 534–35, 536–37, 543, 596

2000 election and, 181

2008 election and, 504–6

see also
cap-and-trade system; carbon tax; global warming

Climate Research Board, 78

Clinton, Bill, 165, 224, 343, 540, 549, 550, 554, 570

Clinton, Hillary, 76, 302, 341–42, 498–99, 531, 550–51

Clinton administration, 68, 70, 81, 85, 86, 104, 106, 145, 167, 168, 189, 220, 253, 367, 485, 543, 620