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Italic numbers denote references to illustrations. References to footnotes are followed by ‘n.’.

absorption spectra, respiratory pigments 74–5

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) 79;
see also
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

aerobic capacity hypothesis (evolution of endothermy) 180–5

aerobic scope 168–70

African Eve 3, 242, 246, 251

ageing:

cell loss 303

exercise paradox 273, 306

free-radical leakage 272–3, 274–5, 277, 303–11

metabolic rate 158, 269–70, 272

mitochondrial mutations 284–8, 296–301

mitochondrial theory of 4, 272–301

theories of 272–3

see also
lifespan

age-related (degenerative) diseases 4, 270, 271–2, 295–301, 303

algae, evolution of 25

Allen, John 138, 143–4,
144
, 289–90

Altmann, Richard 12–13