Playing to the Edge: American Intelligence in the Age of Terror (55 page)

Russia,
54
,
132
,
180
,
310
–12,
328
,
417

Russian poisonings,
234

Ryan, Mike,
8
–9

Saakashvili, Mikheil,
310
–11,
312

Saddam Hussein,
2
,
47
,
48
,
197
,
199
,
201
,
304

English-speaking spokesman of,
61

WMD program of,
49
–52,
119

SAIC,
20
,
23

Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought,
421

Saleh, Amrullah,
208
–10,
316
–17

Salman, King,
322

Salt,
272

Samarra,
195

Samarrai, Wafiq al-,
198

Sanger, David,
268
,
307
,
370

Sarkozy, Nicolas,
431

Sattler, John,
63

Saudi Arabia,
45
,
198
,
320
,
321
–22,
323

Saudi Aramco,
131

Scarlett, John,
222
,
333
n

Schakowsky, Jan,
226

Scharioth, Klaus,
220
,
222

Schäuble, Wolfgang,
219
–20

Scheidt, Mary Jane,
180

Schieffer, Bob,
425

Schlesinger, Jim,
120
,
394

Schmidt, Howard,
130
,
151

Schröder, Gerhard,
417

Science and Technology (S&T),
285
,
297
,
300

Scowcroft, Brent,
158
,
292

secrets,
429

democracy and,
426
–27

leaks of,
46
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
125
–26,
168
,
232
,
423

legitimate,
114
–16,
422
,
423

and public’s right to know,
115
,
118
,
120
–21

transparency and,
113
,
343
,
384
,
387
,
422
,
423
–25

Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI),
184
,
227
,
228
,
241
,
280
,
386

report on CIA detention and interrogation program,
396
–402

technical advisory group (SSCI TAG),
12

September 11 attacks,
see
9/11 attacks

Shahwani, Mohammed,
200
–203

Shane, Scott,
122
–23

Shawkat, Assef,
263

Shedd, David,
162
,
358

Sheehan, Jack,
137
–38

Shelby, Richard,
44
,
46
,
79

Shibh, Ramzi bin al-,
193
,
344

Shiites,
195
–99,
201
,
202
,
215
,
292
,
293

Shriver, Glenn,
277

SIGINT Directorate (SID),
134

SIGINT Seniors,
38
–39

signals intelligence (SIGINT),
2
,
3
,
5
,
6
,
10
–12,
21
,
28
,
30
–33,
35
,
36
,
38
–42,
45
,
49
,
52
,
53
,
55
,
57
–63,
133
–35,
138
,
157
,
181
,
411
,
415
–16,
421

NTOC and,
141

Stellarwind and,
75

signature strikes,
337
,
339

Simpson, Alan,
212

Singing the City
(Graham),
249

60 Minutes,
126

Snowden, Edward,
24
,
26
,
35
,
36
,
39
,
43
,
87
n,
403
–5,
408
,
409
,
411
,
413
–15,
417
–22,
425

Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations,
120
–21

Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT),
117
,
118
,
168

Soleimani, Qasem,
291
,
293

Somalia,
221
,
344

South Ossetia,
310
,
312

Soviet Union,
4
,
32
,
38
,
39
,
312
,
346
–47,
405

Specter, Arlen,
105

Spiegel,
413

spying,
see
espionage

State of War
(Risen),
99
,
100
,
108
–9,
126

Stein, Jeff,
226

Stevens, Bob,
5
,
6

Stellarwind,
25
,
43
,
64
–91,
94
–95,
97
,
99
,
101
,
103
–6,
108
–10,
113
,
116
–18,
168
,
181
,
184
,
190
,
371
,
372
,
403

Bush and,
25
,
103
,
104
,
110
,
112

New York Times
exposure of,
74
,
78
,
80
,
92
–103,
105
,
108
,
109
,
372
,
412

SIGINT and,
75

Terrorist Surveillance Program,
106
,
131
,
184

in Venn diagram of operatons,
426

Sterling, Jeffrey,
125
–26

STRATCOM,
142
,
151

Stuart, Jeb,
136

Stuxnet,
131
,
132
,
151

Suleiman, Omar,
318
,
319
–20

Sullivan, Andrew,
359
,
360

Sulzberger, Arthur, Jr.,
101

Sunnis,
196
–99,
200
–202,
226
,
321
–22,
323

Supreme Court,
69
,
81
,
82
,
115

Hamdi and Hamdan decisions of,
70
,
82
,
235

Suu Kyi, Aung San,
421

SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication),
117
,
118
,
168

Syria,
145
,
255
–70,
344

al-Kibar site of,
255
–61,
263
–65,
269

Assad in,
257
,
259
–61,
263
–68

Iran and,
263

North Korea and,
255
–58,
261
,
262
,
266
,
269

nuclear program of,
255
–59,
261
–70

Tahrir Square,
320

Tailored Access Operations (TAO),
134
–36,
141
,
145

Taj, Nadeem,
348

Taj Mahal Palace Hotel attack,
351
–52

Talabani, Jalal,
197
–200,
293

Taliban,
31
,
53
,
115
,
204
,
208
–10,
337
,
345
,
347
,
349
,
353

Tallinn,
132

Tamm, Thomas,
93

targeted killings,
331
–44,
357
,
369
,
385
,
425
–26

accuracy and effectiveness of,
341
,
342

against al-Qaeda,
334
–42,
357

collateral damage in,
340
–41

multiple effects of,
342

Obama and,
341
–43,
377

from UAVs,
119
,
333
,
336
,
344

Taubman, Phil,
94
–102

Tbilisi,
310

Tea Party,
407
,
408

Tehran,
294
–95,
306

Tenet, George,
2
,
6
,
7
,
9
,
19
,
24
,
31
,
33
,
46
–47,
49
,
54
,
66
–68,
78
,
81
,
85
,
135
,
138
,
150
,
155
–57,
159
–60,
162
,
225
,
267
,
328
,
358
,
359
,
365
,
371
,
383

At the Center of the Storm,
122

interrogation and,
394
,
396
,
397

JIC hearings and,
42
–44,
46

9/11 attacks and,
28

terrorism,
24
–25,
30
,
31
,
39
,
43
–44,
63
,
193
–94

see also
counterterrorism

Terrorist Surveillance Program,
106
,
131
,
184

see also
Stellarwind

Thin Thread,
21
–26

Thomas, Helen,
107

Tice, Russ,
117

Tierney, John,
226

Time,
31
,
42
,
205

Tora Bora,
234

Toronto Globe and Mail,
418

torture,
188
,
194
,
232
,
235
,
361
–65,
369
,
391
–92,
401

rendition for purposes of,
363
–65,
401

Trailblazer,
19
–23,
26
,
184
–85

transparency,
113
,
343
,
384
,
387
,
422
,
423
–25

Treasury Department,
167

Truman, Harry,
3
,
10
,
31

Truman Annex,
192

Tskhinvali,
310

TURN,
427

Turner, Stansfield,
157
,
394

Ukraine,
311
,
312

underwear bomber,
173
,
175

United Kingdom,
see
Britain

United Nations (UN),
35
,
51
,
196
,
258
,
267
,
294
,
308
,
391
,
415

General Assembly (UNGA),
350

unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs; drones),
147
,
425
–26

Predator,
31
,
53
,
61
,
337

targeted killings from,
119
,
333
,
336
,
344

Uribe, Alvaro,
324
–25,
431

USA Today,
108
,
411
–12

Vicksburg,
135

Vietnam War,
51
–52,
62
,
247

Voltaire,
163

Walker, Chris,
229

Wallace, Chris,
408

walling,
227

Wall Street Journal,
16
,
147
,
230
,
388
,
397
–98,
402

warfare vs. espionage,
136

Washington, George,
427
,
429
,
431

Washington Post,
98
,
114
,
115
,
176
,
179
,
187
,
287
,
299
,
359
,
366
,
387
,
390
,
392
–93,
403
,
411
,
412
,
420

Washington Times,
426

waterboarding,
179
,
188
,
189
–90,
192
,
225
,
226
,
241
–42,
251
,
362
–63,
379
,
380
,
399

Watergate,
241

Waziristan,
336
,
345
–48

Waziristan Accord,
345

weapons of mass destruction (WMD),
116
,
119
,
181
,
329
,
335
–36,
340

in Iraq,
49
–52,
119
,
179
,
267

see also
nuclear programs

Webster, William,
394

Weiner, Tim,
123
–24

White, Scott,
285

Wiebe, Kirk,
22
,
24

Wilensky, Harold,
119

Williams, Brian,
420

Wilson, Joe,
122

Wired,
130

Wolfowitz, Paul,
49
,
158

Woolsey, Jim,
278
,
394