Our Divided Political Heart (44 page)

43
“religiously inflected multiculturalism”:
Gary Gerstle, “Minorities, Multi-culturalism, and the Presidency of George W. Bush,” in Julian Zelizer, ed.,
The Presidency of George W. Bush: A First Historical Assessment
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010).

44
“multiculturalist project . . . . as a way of building winning electoral coalitions”:
Ibid.

44
“His ‘faith-based initiatives’ were not a harbinger”:
Christopher Caldwell, “Bush’s Weak Tea for the Right,”
Financial Times
, November 13, 2010.

44
“has come to grief through his failure”:
Ibid.

45
A poll conducted by the Public Religion Research Institute:
E. J. Dionne Jr. and William A. Galston, “The Old and New Politics of Faith: Religion and the 2010 Election,” Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., 17 November 2010.

46
A
Washington Post
/Pew Research Center Poll in late October 2011:
Jon Cohen, “A Movement of One’s Own—Tea Party Is Red, and OWS Is Blue,”
Washington Post
, 24 October 2011.

48
“Each day, it seems, thousands of Americans are going about their daily rounds”:
Barack Obama, keynote address at Call to Renewal Conference, 28 June 2006,
http://www.barackobama.com/2006/06/28/call_to_renewal_keynote_address.php
.

49
“a parent’s willingness to nurture a child”:
Barack Obama, “President Barack Obama’s Inaugural Address,” 20 January 2009.

49
“the pleasures of riches and fame”:
Ibid.

50
“lower taxes, less government and more economic freedom for all Americans”:
Freedom Works, “About Freedom Works: Our Mission,”
http://www.freedomworks.org/about/our-mission
.

51
“Mr. Professor: Do you believe this country was founded on divine providence”:
Glenn Beck,
The Glenn Beck Program
, 5 May 2009.

53
“You’re the state where the shot was heard ’round the world”:
Michele Bachmann, speech in Manchester, New Hampshire, 12 March 2011.

53
“warned the British that they weren’t going to be taking away”:
Sarah Palin, remarks in Boston, Massachusetts, 2 June 2011.

54
“twentieth century Americanism”:
Edward Countryman, “Communism,” in Michael Kazin, Rebecca Edwards, and Adam Rothman, eds.,
The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010).

54
“our fathers,” Lincoln called them:
Abraham Lincoln, Cooper Union address, 27 February 1860.

54
“the guardian of a threatened Republican tradition”:
Jackson was described this way by Marvin Meyers in
The Jacksonian Persuasion: Politics and Belief
(New York: Vintage Books, 1957), 17.

54
“tyranny and despotism”:
Andrew Jackson quoted in Meyers,
The Jacksonian Persuasion
, 21.

54
“A government must so order its functions”:
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Commonwealth Club address, 23 September 1932.

55
“Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today”:
Martin Luther King Jr., “I Have a Dream” speech, 28 August 1963.

55
“When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution”:
Ibid.

55
“It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note”:
Ibid.

56
“the principle of participatory self-government”:
Stephen Breyer,
Active Liberty: Interpreting our Democratic Constitution
(New York: Vintage Books, 2005), 21.

57
“in explanation and in selection”:
Morton White,
Foundations of Historical Knowledge
(New York: Harper and Row, 1965), 3.

57
“depends upon generalizations”:
Ibid.

57
“present the Federalist-Whig-Republican point of view”:
Samuel Eliot Morison,
By Land and By Sea: Essays and Addresses
(New York: Knopf, 1953), 356.

57
“that did not follow the Jefferson-Jackson-Franklin D. Roosevelt line”:
White,
Foundations of Historical Knowledge
, 11.

57
“Memory is the thread of personal identity, history of public identity”:
Richard Hofstadter,
The Progressive Historians: Turner, Beard, Parrington
(New York: Knopf, 1968), 3.

57
“Historians . . . view the constant search for new perspectives”:
Eric Foner,
Who Owns History? Rethinking the Past in a Changing World
(New York: Hill and Wang, 2002), xvi.

57
“‘Professor,’ she asked, ‘when did historians stop relating facts’”:
Ibid.

57
“does not refer mainly, or even principally, to the past”:
James Baldwin, “White Man’s Guilt,”
Ebony
, August 1965.

57
“the first great American historian of America”:
Hofstadter,
The Progressive Historians
, 15.

57
“the progress of the democratic principle”:
Ibid.

58
“history taught a lesson, the inevitable movement of human affairs”:
Ibid.

58
“The popular voice is all powerful with us”:
Ibid.

58
“History can contribute nothing in the way of panaceas”:
Arthur Schlesinger Jr.,
The Age of Jackson
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1945), x.

58
The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America:
George H. Nash,
The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America
(New York: Basic Books, 1976).

59
“some of our logical statements turn out to be moral and relative in character”:
White,
Foundations of Historical Knowledge
, 291.

59
“ is not simply a collection of facts, not a politically sanctioned listing”:
Foner,
Who Owns History
, 188.

59
As the
New Yorker
recognized in calling attention to their debate:
Jill Lepore, “People Power: Revisiting the Origins of American Democracy,”
New Yorker
, 24 October 2005; Jill Lepore, “Vast Designs: How America Came of Age,”
New Yorker
, 29 October 2007.

59
“in the United States at this time, liberalism is not only the dominant”:
Lionel Trilling,
The Liberal Imagination
(New York: New York Review of Books, 1950), xv.

60
“status anxieties”:
Richard Hofstadter, “A Paranoid Style in American Politics,”
Harper’s Magazine
, November 1964.

60
Before the Storm:
Rick Perlstein,
Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus
(New York: Hill and Wang, 2001).

60
Suburban Warriors:
Lisa McGirr,
Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002).

60
Turning Right in the Sixties:
Mary Brennan,
Turning Right in the Sixties: The Conservative Capture of the G.O.P.
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995).

60
Patrick Allitt’s
The Conservatives:
Patrick Allitt,
The Conservatives: Ideas and Personalities Throughout American History
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009).

60
“a segment of the Right appealed to traditional ideas”:
McGirr,
Suburban Warriors
, 8.

60
“took hold among a highly educated and thoroughly modern group”:
Ibid.

60
“not a rural ‘remnant’ of the displaced and maladapted”:
Ibid.

60
Towards a New Past
:
Barton J. Bernstein, ed.,
Toward a New Past: Dissenting Essays in American History
(New York: Pantheon, 1968).

61
“important business leaders”
Gabriel Kolko,
The Triumph of Conservatism
(Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1977), 4.

61
“preserve the basic social and economic relations”:
Ibid.

61
William Appleman Williams:
See William Appleman Williams,
The Tragedy of American Diplomacy
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1988).

61
Gar Alperovitz offered important books debunking aspects:
See Gar Alperovitz,
Atomic Diplomacy
(New York: Random House, 1995).

61
new approaches to the history of both slavery and the American working class:
See, e.g., Herbert Gutman,
The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750–1925
(New York: Vintage Books, 1977); Herbert Gutman,
Work, Culture and Society
(New York: Vintage Books, 1977).

61
long lifetime captivating students with his bottom-up approach:
Howard Zinn,
A People’s History of the United States: 1492–Present
(New York: Harper-Collins, 2010).

61
“introduced a whole lot of people who hadn’t thought about it”:
Jill Lepore, “Zinn’s History,”
New Yorker
, 3 February 2010.

61
“New Left academics . . . would write about the American past”:
John Patrick Diggins,
The Rise and Fall of the American Left
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1992), 29.

61
“I am less interested in eighteenth-century radicalism than in twentieth-century radicalism”:
Staughton Lynd,
Intellectual Origins of American Radicalism
(New York: Vintage Books, 1969), vii.

62
“That is to say, I have always begun with a concern with some present reality”:
Eric Foner,
Who Owns History
, 41.

63
“The answer to the all-important question of what kinds of lives black people might live “:
Nicholas Lemann,
Redemption: The Last Battle of the Civil War
(New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2006), xi.

63
“an organized, if unofficial, military effort”:
Ibid.

63
“the most soul-sickening spectacle that Americans”:
John W. Burgess,
Reconstruction and the Constitution, 1866–1876
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1902), 263.

64
“In due time . . . those who repeated these stereotypes”:
Kenneth M. Stampp,
The Era of Reconstruction
(New York: Vintage, 1967), 19.

64
“the old middle classes of the North”:
Ibid.

64
“vogue of Social Darwinism”:
Ibid., 20.

64
“great numbers of the best breeding stock on both sides”:
Madison Grant, quoted in Stampp,
The Era of Reconstruction
, 22.

65
“racial nondescripts . . . No large policy in our country”:
James Ford Rhodes quoted in Stampp,
The Era of Reconstruction
, 22.

65
A powerful dissent:
W. E. B. Du Bois,
Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880
(New York: Free Press, 1999).

65
“make the blunders of that era, tragic though they were, dwindle into insignificance”:
Stampp,
The Era of Reconstruction
, 215.

65
“Suffrage was not something thrust upon an indifferent mass”:
Ibid., 165.

65
“combine the Dunning School’s aspiration”:
Eric Foner,
Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877
(New York: Harper & Row, 1988), xxii.

66
“Rather than passive victims of the actions of others”:
Ibid.

66
“how the status of white planters, merchants, and yeomen, and their relations”:
Ibid., xxiii.

66
“willing to link their fortunes with those of blacks” “:
Ibid.

66
“a national state possessing vastly expanded authority and a new set of purposes”:
Ibid., xxiv.

66
“There is a certain irony in the fact that a Columbia historian”:
Foner,
Who Owns History
, 17.

70
“When an American needs the assistance of his fellows”:
Alexis de Tocqueville,
Democracy in America
, trans. George Lawrence, ed. J. P. Mayer (New York: Harper and Row, 1966), 571.

70
“The great privilege of the Americans”
Alexis de Tocqueville,
Democracy in America
, trans. Henry Reeve (New York: Colonial Press, 1900), 234.