"Non-Germans" Under the Third Reich (277 page)

Angeschlossener Verband
. Association or organization affiliated with the Nazi Party

Anordnung
. Directive

Anschluss
. Annexation, union; in historical terms, the annexation of Austria to Germany, which occurred in March 1938

Anweisung
. Instruction or directive

Arbeitsamt
. Labor Office

Arbeitsdienst
. (German) Labor Service (obligatory for German citizens over the age of 18)

Arbeitseinsatz
. Labor allocation, Nazi term for forced labor by nationals of occupied territories

Arbeitserziehungslager
. Labor reeducation camp(s)

Arbeitsgericht
. Labor court

Ariernachweis
. Certificate of “Aryan” descent or Aryan certificate

Arierparagraph
. Aryan Paragraph (regulation to exclude Jews from organizations, federations, political parties, and other spheres of public life. First appeared in the Third Reich with the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service of April 7, 1933)

Arisierung
. “Aryanization” (confiscation of Jewish assets and enterprises, which were purchased, usually at low cost, by German individuals and businesses) (Nazi term)

Artverwandt
. Racially akin (Nazi term)

Ärztekammer
. Physicians’ Chamber

Asoziale, asozial.
Asocial person, asocial

Auslandsbürger, Auslandsdeutscher, Auslandsreichsdeutsche
. German citizen residing abroad

Aussiedlung
. Evacuation (transfer of population, e.g., from coastal or bombed areas); in Nazi terminology, deportation of parts of the Polish population of the Annexed Eastern Territories to the General Government

Auswärtiges Amt
. German Foreign Ministry

Autoritäres Strafrecht
. Authoritarian penal law (a part of legal theory, which focuses on the principle of deterrence and the “objective circumstances” of the offense, not on the subjective will of the offender, and which favors harsh punishment)

Bagatellgericht
. Small-claims court

Bandenüberfälle
. “Gang attacks” (Nazi term for partisan attacks in occupied territories)

Bauernbund, Deutscher
. German Peasants’ League

Bayerische Volkspartei
. Bavarian People’s Party (Weimar Republic)

Beauftragter für den Vierjahresplan
. Plenipotentiary for the Four Year Plan

Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des Sicherheitsdienstes (= Befehlshaber der SIPO und des SD) (im Generalgouvernement)
. Commander of the Security Police and the Security Service (also, commander of the SIPO and SD (BdS) in the General Government)

Bekanntmachung
. Proclamation

Beratungsstelle für Erb- und Rassenpflege
. Counseling Bureau for Heredity and Racial Hygiene (established by the German authorities)

Berufsbeamtengesetz
. Professional Civil Service Code

Berufsrecht
. Professional Law

Betriebsgemeinschaft
. Working community (employers and employees of a firm or plant according to the National Socialist Labor Law)

Betriebsrat
. Works council (prescribed by law in every plant employing a certain number of employees)

Betriebszelle
. Factory cell (cell of the German Labor Front in an commercial or industrial plant)

Bezirk
. District

Bezirksverwaltungsgericht (= Oberverwaltungsgericht)
. District administrative court, higher administrative court) (court of second instance)

Blutsbewußtsein
. “Blood-consciousness” (i.e., race consciousness, a Nazi term)

Blutschutzgesetz
. Blood Protection Law (short for Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor)

Blutsgemeinschaft
. Community of blood purity (Nazi term)

Braunes Haus (Zentrale der NSDAP in Munich)
. Brown House (Central Office of the NSDAP in Munich)

Bundesdisziplinarhof
. Federal disciplinary court (a court of second instance)

Bundesgerichtshof (BGH)
. (German) Federal Supreme Court

Bundesverfassungsgericht
. (German) Federal Constitutional Court

Bund Nationalsozialistischer Deutscher Juristen (seit 1936 Nationalsozialistischer Rechtswahrerbund [NSRB])
. League of National Socialist German Jurists (after 1936, National Socialists Jurists’ League [NSRB])

Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) (1896)
. (German) Civil Code (1896) (in force since January 1, 1900)

Bürgermeister
. Mayor

Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern (seit 1936 in Personalunion mit Reichsführer-SS, Heinrich Himmler)
. Chief of the German police in the Reich Ministry of the Interior (since 1936 in personal union with the
Reichsführer
-SS, Heinrich Himmler)

Denkschrift
. Memorandum

Deutschblütigkeit
. German-bloodedness (Nazi term)

Deutsche Arbeitsfront (DAF)
. German Labor Front

Deutscher Dozentenbund
. German Lecturers’ Association (professional federation affili
ated with the NSDAP)

Deutsche Rechtsfront
. German Law Front (organization of all jurists under the control of the NSDAP)

Deutsches Beamtengesetz (DBG)
. German Civil Service Code (1936)

Deutsches Obergericht
. German Superior Court (court of second instance in the General Government)

Deutsches oder artverwandtes Blut
. Of German or related blood (Nazi term)

Deutsche Volksliste (DVL)
. German Ethnic Classification List (established in the Annexed Eastern Territories for the racial classification of persons of German descent)

Deutsche Volkspartei (DVP)
. German People’s Party (a liberal party in the Weimar Republic)

Deutschstämmige
. (Polish or other) nationals of German descent (Nazi term)

Deutschtum
. “Germanness” (Nazi term)

Distrikt, Kreis
. District (orig. Austrian), the grouping of several counties (
Kreise
); the General Government was divided into five districts

Doppelstaat, Der
. The Dual State (a formulation used by the German lawyer Ernst Fraenkel, who was forced to emigrate during the Nazi era. By this term Fraenkel wanted to show the peculiarity of the National Socialist state: the normative side, the world of written law, on one hand, and the unrestricted powers of the executive, without any legal basis, on the other hand)

Durchführungsverordnung (ident. mit Ausführungsverordnung) (DVO)
. Implementing decree (an executive decree providing detailed regulations in the execution of a law)

Ehedarlehen
. Marriage loan(s)

Ehefähigkeitszeugnis
. Certificate of Marriageability (a certificate proving eligibility for marriage within the Nazi racial context)

Ehegesundheitsgesetz
. Marital Hygiene Law

Ehetauglichkeitszeugnis
. Certificate of fitness for marriage

Eheunbedenklichkeitsbescheinigung
. Certificate of nonobjection to marriage

Ehrenbrief
. Document conferring honorary citizenship

Ehrengericht
. Disciplinary court

Einheitsgesetz (Gesetz über die Einheit von Partei und Statt) (1934)
. Unity Law (Law to Secure the Unity of Party and State) (1934)

Einsatzgruppe(n). lit
. Special duty squad(s) of the Security Police and SD in the Occupied Eastern Territories; in the Soviet Union these were mobile killing units that murdered Jews, Gypsies, political functionaries, and the mentally handicapped

Erbgesundheitsamt
. Office for Hereditary Health

Erbgesundheitsgericht
. Hereditary Health Court

Erbhof
. Farmer’s entailed estate, a hereditary farm (in the Nazi context, an agricultural holding reserved to farmers of “German descent”)

Erbkrank
. Congenitally ill, afflicted with an hereditary disease

Erlaß
. Administrative decree, administrative order, administrative directive

Ermächtigungsgesetz vom 23. März 1933
. Enabling Act of March 23, 1933

Ernste Bibelforscher
. Jehovah’s Witness(es)

Freikorps. lit
. Free Corps (a voluntary military organization not attached to a larger body of troops; in the German context, those volunteer bands, largely composed of nationalistic officers who coalesced after the dissolution of
the German Imperial Army in 1918)

Fremdarbeiter
. Foreign workers (used for all “non-German” workers in the Third Reich)

Fremdvölkisch
. Alien (i.e., “non-German,” Nazi term)

Frontkämpfer
. Frontline soldier, here a participant in World War I

Führererlaß
. Führer

Führererlass über die Gliederung und Verwaltung der Ostgebiete
. Führer Decree on the Division and Administration of the Eastern Territories

Führerprinzip
. Führer Principle (Fascist principle of authoritarian leadership with unrestricted, absolute powers)

Gau
. Regional unit of the Nazi Party organization (Nazi term)

Gauamt für Volkstumspolitik. Gau
Office for Ethnic Policy (Nazi term)

Gauführer
. Party leader in a
Gau
(Nazi term)

Gaugruppenwalter
. Party functionary responsible for certain member groups (Nazi term)

Gauleiter
. Leading Nazi Party official in a
Gau
(Nazi term)

Gauleitung
. Party’s office of a
Gau
(Nazi term)

Gaurechtsamt (der NSDAP). Gau
office for legal affairs of the NSDAP (Nazi term)

Gaurechtsamtsleiter
. Chief of a Party office for judicial matters in a
Gau
(Nazi term)

Geheime Staatspolizei (Gestapo)
. Secret State Police (Gestapo)

Geltungsjude
. Person counting as a Jew under Nazi law

Gemeinschaft
. Community

Gemeinschaftsfremd
. Foreign to the community (Nazi term)

Gemeinschaftsfremdengesetz
. Law on Aliens to the Community (draft, 1944) (Nazi term)

Gemeinschaftsgefährlichkeit, -schädlich
. Danger to the community, harmful to the community (Nazi term)

Generalbevollmächtigter für den Arbeitseinsatz (GBA)
. Plenipotentiary general for labor allocation

Generalgouvernement
. General Government (territory of German-occupied Poland not annexed to the Reich; term originally from the Austrian administration before 1914)

Generalkommissariat
. General commissariat (Nazi administration district in the Occupied Soviet Territories)

Generalstaatsanwalt (GStA)
. Chief public prosecutor

Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz (GVG)
. Judicature Code

Gesetz gegen gefährliche Gewohnheitsverbrecher
. Law against Dangerous Habitual Criminals

Gesetz über den Widerruf von Einbürgerungen und die Aberkennung der deutschen Staatsangehörigkeit
. Law on the Revocation of Naturalization and the Deprivation of German Citizenship

Gesetz über die Änderung von Familiennamen und Vornamen
. Law on Changes to Surnames and Forenames

Gesetz über die Einziehung volks- und staatsfeindlichen Vermögens
. Law on the Seizure of Assets of Enemies of the People and State

Gesetz über die Reichsverweisungen
. Law on Expulsions from the Reich