Nightmare Alley - Film Noir And The American Dream (61 page)

émigré directors in,
11
,
20
,
264
n7,
266
–67n1

female filmmakers and,
17
,
58
,
180
,
185
,
187
–88,
191
–92,
214
,
218
–19,
261

film noir and,
13
–14

gender views of,
112
,
185
,
193

HUAC and,
86
,
101
,
221
,
222
–23,
224
,
240
,
283
n38

independent production companies in,
14
,
211
,
250
,
284
n43,
286
n13

and melodrama,
14
,
23
,
187
,
189
,
216

screenwriters and,
188
,
215
,
224
,
286
n6

view of jazz by,
17
,
155
.
See also
blacklist; censors

film noir origins and definition,
11
–12,
14
,
132
,
264
n9,
275
n1

Fisher, Doris,
281
n16

Fisher, Steve,
15

fishing,
55
,
56
,
267
n5

flashbacks,
270
n4

in dream films,
39
,
265
n14

in femme noir films,
201
,
205
–7,
216
,
282
n26

in identity films,
51
,
61

in jazz films,
162
,
166

musical themes associated with,
161
–62

in portraiture films,
106
,
107
,
109
,
127

as prototypical noir device,
51
,
79
–80,
106

in vet noir films,
80
,
82
,
83

Fleischer, Richard,
289
n38

Fletcher, Lucille,
188

Flinn, Caryl,
161
,
162

Foch, Nina,
19
,
58
,
267
n6

Fontaine, Joan,
216
,
218

Force of Evil
,
234
–39,
288
–89nn32–36

on capitalism and crime,
220
,
234
–37,
249

Ford, Glenn,
193
,
281
n14

Forrest, Sally,
170
,
214
,
277
–78n15

Fotsch, Paul,
132
,
275
n2

Fouchardière, Georges de la,
116

fracturing,
6
,
53
–54,
129
,
131

frame narratives,
106
,
109
,
112
,
127

framing,
106
,
107
,
118
,
125

in
La chienne
,
120
,
274
n17

in
The Dark Corner
,
113
,
114

in
I Wake Up Screaming
,
108
,
109

in
Laura
,
110
,
112

Francke, Lizzie,
187

Frank, Arthur,
80

Frank, Nino,
275
n1

Franklin, Benjamin,
2

Freedman, Jonathan,
37
,
266
nn21–22

freedom and liberty,
4
,
5
,
10
,
21
,
75

American Dream and,
12
,
100

automobiles and,
16
,
132
,
135
,
136
,
148

as ideal,
2
,
249

Freudianism,
278
n19

on dreams,
20
,
22
–23,
24
,
265
n8

Frings, Ketti,
188
,
199
,
203
,
282
nn21–24

From Here to Eternity
,
272
n30

Fuchs, Daniel,
70
,
71
,
75
,
76
,
269
n26,
269
nn28–29

Fuller, Samuel,
137

Fury
,
254

Gabbard, Glen O.,
263
–64n6,
266
n23

Gabbard, Krin,
263
–64n6,
266
n23

on jazz films,
170
,
171
,
277
n5,
279
n33

Galatea/Pygmalion myth,
106
,
110

gangster films,
4
,
17
,
25
,
225
,
287
n14

Gardner, Ava,
51
,
52

Garfield, John,
133
,
220
,
231
,
234
,
285
–86n3

biographical information on,
231
,
288
n25

and witch hunt,
224
,
288
n29

Garmes, Lee,
211

Garnett, Tay,
133

Gay, Peter,
23

geek,
163
,
253
,
263
n1

in
Nightmare Alley
,
1
,
6
,
9
,
10

gender roles,
54
,
125
,
170
,
270
n10

female filmmakers on,
191
–92,
214
,
217
,
261

femme noir films on,
199
,
208
,
214
,
217

jazz and,
154
,
163

postwar anxieties about,
17
,
115
,
185
.
See also
women

Gershwin, George and Ira,
156

Giddens, Anthony,
150

Gilda
,
192
–97,
281
nn14–17

Gioia, Ted,
163

Goetz, William,
274

Gomez, Thomas,
91
,
235

Goodman, Benny,
156

Gorbman, Claudia,
154
,
161

Gothic,
187
,
192
,
280
n4

Gough, Lloyd,
231
,
288
n24

Goulding, Edmund,
1

Grable, Betty,
108
,
109

Graebner, William,
13

Granger, Farley,
137
,
138

Gray, J. Glenn,
101
–2

Green, Johnny,
233

Greene, Eve,
188

Greene, Mort,
163

Greer, Jane,
54
,
57

Gresham, William Lindsay,
8
,
263
n2

Griffith, E. H.,
192

Grossman, Julie,
185
,
192

guilt,
24
,
25
,
26
,
168
,
260

America and,
76
,
105

dreams and,
19
,
26
,
33
,
36
,
44
–45

Spellbound
depiction of,
38
,
39
,
43

Gun Crazy
,
5
,
136
,
140
–42,
187
,
276
nn9–10

Gunning, Tom,
125
,
136

Hall, George,
275
n4

Hamlet
,
25
,
26
,
28
,
265
n13

Hammett, Dashiell,
11
,
46
,
47

Hampton, Lionel,
156

Hannah, Dorothy,
188

Hanson, Helen,
280
n4,
281
n12

hard-boiled fiction,
11
,
15
,
115
,
192
,
264
n8

Harline, Leigh,
163

Harris, Oliver,
116
,
119

Harrison, Joan,
34
,
36
,
37
,
159
,
163
,
271
n19

as producer,
191
–92,
280
n11

Hartmann, Ernest,
44
,
265
n7

Haskell, Molly,
280
n3

Hastie, Amelie,
215
,
217

Hathaway, Henry,
113

Hayden, Sterling,
220
,
223
,
290
n43

Hays Office,
36

Hayward, Lillie,
188

Hayworth, Rita,
112
,
185
,
192
–93,
196

Hecht, Ben,
271
n19

Heflin, Van,
100
,
102
,
205
,
228
,
255
,
257

heist films,
239
,
240
,
243
,
289
nn37–39

Hellinger, Mark,
287
n16

Henreid, Paul,
69
,
70
,
71
,
72
,
75
,
76
,
269
n24

biographical information on,
269
n25

Higgins, John C.,
281
n18

High Wall
,
78
,
97
–100,
272
nn24–30

Hillis, Ken,
3
,
134

Hirsch, Foster,
19
,
46
–47

Hirsch, Joshua,
225
,
287
n14,
289
–90n42

Hitchcock, Alfred,
42
,
191
,
266
nn26–27

and film noir,
266
n20

and
Spellbound
,
37
,
38
,
40
,
42
,
266
n21

The Hitch-Hiker
,
145
–47

hitchhikers,
133
,
144
,
148
,
150

challenge to ownership by,
134
–35

and lawlessness,
147

hitchhiking films:
Detour
,
142
–44,
161
,
162
,
276
nn12–14

The Devil Thumbs a Ride
,
144

The Hitch-Hiker
,
145
–47

The Night Holds Terror
,
147
–48

Hively, Jack,
49

Holiday, Billie,
156

Hollow Triumph
,
48
,
69
–76,
120
,
249
,
269
nn25–29

Hollywood Left,
12
–13,
17
–18,
100
,
220
–48,
261
,
286
n12

and communism,
221
,
290
–91n1

and film noir,
224
–25,
286
n12.
See also
blacklist

Hollywood Quarterly
,
221
–22,
286
n4

Hollywood Ten,
222
–23,
285
–86n3,
286
n7

Holmes, Taylor,
103
,
208

homosexuality,
33
,
83
,
165
,
284
n44

in
Gilda
,
193
,
281
n14

in
Laura
,
109
,
273
n3

homosociality,
33
,
88
,
89
,
279
n28

Hopper, Edward,
234

Horizon Pictures,
14

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC),
97
,
104
,
247

and Hollywood,
86
,
101
,
221
,
222
–23,
224
,
240
,
283
n38

naming names for,
223
,
290
n43

Howe, James Wong,
231

Hughes, C. J. Pennethorne,
21

Hughes, Dorothy B.,
271
n19

Hughes, Howard,
284
n44,
286
n12

Hughes, Langston,
173
–74

Humphries, Reynold,
241
,
255

Huston, John,
46

and
The Asphalt Jungle
,
220
,
241
–42,
244

and Committee for the First Amendment,
222
–23,
244

Huston, Virginia,
55
,
164

Hyde, Thomas,
43

“I Can’t Believe That You’re in Love with Me,”
162
–63

identity,
4
,
16
,
30

American,
15
,
79
,
184

authorship and,
120
,
124

automobiles and,
133
,
134
,
135
,
137

consumer goods and,
5
,
10

dreams and,
20
,
21

as fluid and malleable,
47
,
92
,
107
,
115
,
261

forged,
115
,
125

Franklin and Emerson on,
2
,
3

Nightmare Alley
on,
10
,
15

in portraiture films,
106
,
107
,
115
,
120
,
122
,
127
,
131
,
261
,
280
n9