Napoleon in Egypt (75 page)

22. Brigadier Detroye’s unpublished journal, cited in La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 2, pp. 481–2 (see also above, Ch. 8, n.4.)
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23. Malus,
Souvenirs de L’Expédition de l’Égypte
, p. 90.
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24.
Rapport de la commission scientifique d’Égypte
, cited in ibid., p. 90, n.1.
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25. Cited in Charles-Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
, pp. 92–3.
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26. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, pp. 399–400.
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27. Turc,
L’Expédition des Français en Égypte
, p. 46.
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28. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, p. 380.
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29. Turc,
L’Expédition des Français en Égypte
, p. 60.
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30. Napoleon’s reports to the Directory:
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, pp. 361, 436, 475.
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31. Ibid., p. 475.
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32. Desvernois,
Mémoires
, p. 139.
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33. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 40.
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34. Turc,
L’Expédition des Français en Égypte
, p. 52.
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35. Desgenettes,
Souvenirs de la fin du XVIIIe. siècle
, Vol. 3, p. 165.
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36. Bernoyer,
Avec Bonaparte en Égypte
, p. 80.
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37. Details of New Year celebrations from
Le Courier de l’Égypte
, 6 Vendémiaire An VII, as well as La Jonquière,
l’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3; El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
; Charles
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Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
; Bernoyer,
Avec Bonaparte en Égypte
, etc.
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38. De Rémusat,
Mémoires
, Vol. 1, p. 274.
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39. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 29, pp. 429–30.
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Chapter XII: The Institute of Egypt

1. For these and other details of the Institute’s founding, see Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, pp. 383–6.
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2. Ibid., p. 387.
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3. Cited in several sources, most notably Charles-Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
, p. 219; this incident may well have taken place during the later proceedings of the Institute.
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4. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, pp. 390–1.
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5. Jomard,
Souvenirs sur Gaspard Monge
, p. 47.
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6. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,
Lettres écrites d’Égypte
, p. 53.
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7. Ibid., p. 66.
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8. Charles-Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
, p. 175.
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9.
La Décade
, 1st issue, p. 6.
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10. Ibid., 7th issue, p. 223.
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11. This and the following quotes describing El-Djabarti’s visits to the Institute are from El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, pp. 72–4.
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12. This story comes from Arago,
Biographie de Gaspard Monge
, p. 116. Arago knew Monge personally, and for this work drew on conversations with him as well as recollections of his contemporaries and fellow members of the Egyptian expedition.
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Chapter XIII: Life in Exile

1.
Le Courier de l’Égypte
, No. 1, p. 3.
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2. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, pp. 433–4.
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3. La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3, p. 91.
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4.
Le Courier de l’Égypte
, No. 76, pp. 2–3.
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5. Ibid., No. 7, pp. 2–3.
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6. These two notices appear in ibid., No. 16, p. 4, and No. 13, p. 4. Those following all appear in various issues of
Le Courier
, and are listed in Charles-Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
, p. 258.
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7. Contemporary memoir, cited in ibid., p. 257.
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8. Ibid., pp. 257–8.
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9. La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3, p. 91.
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10. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 26.
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11. Ibid., p. 86.
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12. Ibid., p. 305.
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13. La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 5, p. 15.
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14. Ibid., p. 662.
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15. Ibid., pp. 662–3.
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16. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 306.
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17. Ibid., p. 304.
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18. Ibid., pp. 304–5.
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19. Ibid., p. 306.
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20. Ibid., pp. 305–6.
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21.
Correspondance de l’armée française en Égypte
, pp. 137–8.
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22. Herold,
Bonaparte in Egypt
, p. 158.
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23. Turc,
L’Expédition des Français en Égypte
, p. 133.
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24. This and the following order are cited in Charles-Roux,
Bonaparte gouverneur d’Égypte
, p. 304.
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25.
Histoire scientifique et militaire de l’Expédition Française en Égypte
, Vol. 4, pp. 113–5. This ten-volume work compiled by X. Saintine and L. Reybaud drew on unpublished information provided by various members of Napoleon’s expedition—ranging from Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire to Parseval-Grandmaison—but gives little or no indication of who were the sources for particular pieces of information. Herold,
Bonaparte in Egypt
, seems to suggest that the source for this incident was General Belliard, but this is unlikely as Belliard was at the time in Upper Egypt with Desaix’s division. The following conversation also comes from this source, and seems to be an accurate reflection of Napoleon’s manner and speech.
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26. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 92.
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27. François,
Journal du Capitaine François, dit le Dromadaire d’Égypte
, cited in Brégeon,
L’Égypte de Bonaparte
, p. 169.
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28. See Regier,
Book of the Sphinx
, p. 62.
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29. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 29, p. 389.
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30. Roustam Raza,
Souvenirs de Roustam, mamelouck de Napoleon I
er, p. 57.
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31. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 93.
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32. Ibid., p. 90.
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Chapter XIV: The Perils of Diplomacy

1. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 5, p. 32.
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2. El-Djabarti,
Merveilles biographiques et historiques, ou Chroniques
, Vol. 6, p. 50.
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3. Ibid., pp. 52–4.
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4. Ibid., p. 55.
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5. This and the following quote are from a letter dated September 19 from Menou to Napoleon, cited in La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3, p. 114.
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6. This and the following quote are from Marmont, Duc de Raguse,
Mémoires
(9 vols., published posthumously, Paris, 1857), Vol. 1, p. 394–5.
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7. Devouges’ firsthand account of this incident comes from La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3, pp. 61–2.
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8. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, p. 475.
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9. Ibid., p. 361.
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10. Ibid., p. 379.
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11. This and the following quote are from Marmont, op. cit., Vol. 1, p. 419.
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12. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 4, p. 189.
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13. Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 105.
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14. Marmont, op. cit., Vol. 1, pp. 423–4.
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15. Napoleon,
Correspondance
, Vol. 5, p. 143.
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16. La Jonquière,
L’Expédition en Égypte 1798–1801
, Vol. 3, p. 397.
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17. This quote and the following are from ibid., p. 399.
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18. Ibid., Vol. 2, p. 600.
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19. Ruffin’s diplomatic report is cited in ibid., p. 602.
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20. Several sources confirm this: the most significant being Talleyrand’s letter written on November 4, 1798, which had not yet reached Napoleon. This is cited in ibid., Vol. 3, p. 267, and will be discussed in due course. It makes clear without any shadow of doubt that Napoleon had mentioned this alternative before he left France.
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21. This and the following quote from Ruffin’s diplomatic report are cited in ibid., p. 232.
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22. Cited in ibid., p. 233.
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23. Ibid.
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