Modern Mind: An Intellectual History of the 20th Century (177 page)

18.
D. P. Gallagher,
Modem Latin American Literature,
Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1973, page 150.

19.
Ibid.,
pages 145–150.

20.
Carlos Fuentes,
La nueva novela hispanoamericana,
Mexico City: Joanna Mortiz, 1969; quoted in David W. and Virginia R. Foster (editors),
Modem Latin American Literature,
New York: Frederick Ungar, 1975, pages 380–381.

21.
R. K. Narayan,
The Sweet Vendor,
London: The Bodley Head, 1967. See also: William Walsh, “India and the Novel,’ in Boris Ford (editor),
From Orwell to Naipaul,
Penguin, 1983, pages 238–240.

22.
Anita Desai,
The Village by the Sea,
London: Heinemann, 1982; Penguin 1984.

23.
Anita Desai,
In Custody,
London: Heinemann, 1984.

24.
Salman Rushdie,
Midnight’s Children,
London: Jonathan Cape, 1982; and
The Satanic Verses,
London: Viking, 1988. Catherine Cundy,
Salman Rushdie,
Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1996, pages 34ff.

25.
Malise Ruthven,
A Satanic Affair: Salman Rushdie and the Rape of Islam,
London: Chatto & Windus, 1990, page 15. His book is the main source I have used.

26.
Ruthven, Op.
cit.,
page 27.

27.
Ibid.,
page 20.

28.
Ibid.,
page 17.

29.
Ibid.,
page 16.

30.
Ibid.,
pages 20–25
passim.

31.
Mehdi Mozaffari,
Fatwa: Violence and Discovery,
Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1998.

32.
Ruthven,
Op. cit.,
page 114.

33.
Ibid.,
page 25. See also: Various authors,
For Rushdie: Essays by Arab and Muslim Writers in Defence of Free Speech,
New York: George Braziller, 1994, especially pages 21ff, 54ff and 255ff.

34.
V. S. Naipaul,
A House for Mr Biswas,
London: Andre Deutsch, 1961.

35.
V.S. Naipaul,
The Mimic Men,
London: Readers Union, 1968.

36.
Each of these books was published by André Deutsch.

37.
See the account in: Andrew Robinson,
Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye,
London: Deutsch, 1989, pages 74ff.

38.
See Robinson, Op.
cit.,
page 76.

39.
Thompson and Bordwell,
Film History, Op. cit.,
pages 483–484 and 512–513. Pallot and Levich, Op.
cit.,
page 520.

40.
Robinson,
Op. cit.,
page 156.

41.
Ibid.,
page 513.

42.
Wole Soyinka, Myth, Literature and the African
World,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

43.
Ousmane Sembene,
God’s Bits of Wood,
London: Heinemann, 1970. See also Soyinka, Op.
cit.,
pages 54–60
passim.

44.
Soyinka,
Op. cit.,
page 42.

45.
Edward Said,
Orientalism,
New York: Pantheon, 1978.

46.
Ibid.,
page 190.

47.
Ibid.,
pages 317ff.

48.
Ibid.,
page 326.

49.
Ranajit Guha and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak,
Selected Subaltern Studies,
Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1988, pages 3–32.

50.
Gayatri Spivak, In Other Words: Essays in Cultural Politics, London: Methuen, 1987; and A Critique of Post-Colonial Reason: Toward a History of the Vanishing Present, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1999.

51.
Guha and Spivak,
Op. cit., passim.

52.
Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin,
The Post-Colonial Studies Reader,
London and New York: Routledge, 1995, especially pages
24fr
and 119ff.

53.
Fredric Jameson,
The Political Unconscious,
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981.

54.
Raman Seiden and Peter Widdowson,
Contemporary Literary Theory,
Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1993, page 97.

55.
Fredric Jameson,
Postmodernism or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,
Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1991.

56.
Seiden and Widdowson,
Op. cit.,
pages 93–94. And see: Terry Eagleton,
The Idea of Culture,
London: 2000.

57.
H. Aram Veeser (editor),
The Stanley Fish Reader,
Oxford: Blackwell, 1999.

58.
Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield (editors),
Political Shakespeare,
Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985.

59.
Peter Watson, ‘Presume not that I am the thing I was,’ (London)
Observer,
22 August 1993, pages 37–38.

60.
Annabel Patterson,
Shakespeare and the Popular Voice,
Oxford: Blackwell, 1989. In May 2000 the director of English Studies at Cambridge University decided to discontinue the examination on Shakespeare as part of the compulsory course for a degree in English.

61.
Cunliffe (editor), Op.
cit.,
page 234.

62.
He also shared with Eliot ‘A sense of moral dismay’, the title of a chapter in Dennis Carroll’s 1987 biography of the playwright,
David Mamet,
Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1987.

63.
Ibid.,
page 147.

64.
David Mamet,
Make-Believe: Essays and Remembrances,
London and Boston: Faber, 1996. See also Cunliffe,
Op. cit.,
pages 159–160.

65.
Published together as:
Rabbit Angstrom: a tetralogy,
with an introduction by the author. London: Everyman’s Library, 1995. Bradbury,
The Modem American Novel, Op. cit.,
page 184.

66.
Judie Newman,
John Updike,
Basingstoke: Macmillan Education, 1988. Bradbury, Op.
cit.,
page 184.

67.
The publishers of Saul Bellow’s books are as follows: Dangling Man and The Adventures of Augie March: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; Henderson the Rain King, Humboldt’s Gift and The Dean’s December. Secker & Warburg; More Die of Heartbreak: Morrow.

68.
Jonathan Wilson,
On Bellow’s Planet: Readings from the Dark Side,
New York: Associated Universities Press, 1985.

69.
Michael K. Glenday,
Saul Bellow and the Decline of Humanism,
London: Macmillan, 1990. And see Bradbury,
Op. cit.,
pages 171–172 and 174.

70.
Greg Sarris,
Keeping Slug Woman Alive: A Holistic Approach to American Indian Texts,
Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1993; and
Grand Avenue,
New York: Hyperion 1994; Penguin 1995.

1.
Allan Bloom,
Giants and Dwarves: Essays 1960— 1990,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990; Touchstone paperback, 1991, pages 16–17.

2.
Allan Bloom,
The Closing of the American Mind,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987; Penguin 1988.

3.
Ibid.,
page 49.

4.
Ibid.,
page 122.

5.
Ibid.,
page 91.

6.
Ibid.,
page 141.

7.
Ibid.,
page 254.

8.
Ibid.,
page 301.

9.
Bloom, Giants and Dwarves, Op. cit., pages 24— 25.

10.
Harold Bloom,
The Western Canon,
New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994.

11.
Ibid., page 38.

12.
Ibid.,
page 30.

13.
Ibid.,
page 48.

14.
Ibid.,
pages 371ff.

15.
Ibid.,
page 41.

16.
Lawrence Levine,
The Opening of the American Mind,
Boston: Beacon Press, 1996.

17.
Ibid.,
pages 91ff.

18.
Ibid.,
page 16.

19.
Ibid.,
page 83.

20.
Ibid.,
page 86.

21.
Ibid.,
page 158.

22.
Martin Bernal,
Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilisation,
London: Free Association Books, 1987; Vintage paperback, 1991.

23.
Ibid.,
page 239.

24.
Ibid.,
pages xxiv, xxvi and xxvii.

25.
Ibid.,
page 18.

26.
Ibid.,
page 51.

27.
Ibid.,
page 31.

28.
Mary Lefkowitz and Guy MacLean Rogers,
Black Athena Revisited,
Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.

29.
Ibid.,
page 113.

30.
Ibid.,
pages 112ff.

31.
Ibid.,
pages 431–434.

32.
C. A. Diop, The African Origin of Civilisation:
Myth or Reality?,
Westport, Connecticut: Lawrence Hill, 1974.

33.
Lefkowitz and Rogers,
Op. cit.,
page 21.

34.
Edward T. Linenthal and Tom Engelhardt (editors),
History Wars,
New York: Metropolian Books/Holt, 1996.

35.
Ibid.,
pages 35–40.

36.
Ibid.,
pages 52 and 59.

37.
Roger Kimball, Tenured Radicals: How Politics Has Corrupted Our Higher Education, New York: Harper & Row, 1990.

38.
Ibid., pages
46ff.

39.
Ibid., pages 96ff.

40.
Dinesh d’Souza, Illiberal Education: The Politics of Sex and Race on Campus, Glencoe: The Free Press, 1991.

41.
Ibid.,
page 40.

42.
Ibid.,
page 70.

43.
Ibid.,
page 226.

44.
Ibid.,
page 241.

45.
Martha Nussbaum, Cultivating Humanity: A Classical Defence of Reform in Liberal Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1997.

46.
Ibid.,
page 85.

47.
Ibid.,
page 53.

48.
Ibid.,
page 94.

49.
Ibid.,
page 105.

50.
Ibid.,
pages 277–278.

51.
David Denby,
Great Books,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

52.
Ibid.,
page 13.

53.
Ibid.,
page 459.

54.
Ibid.,
page 461.

55.
Ibid.,
page 457.

56.
Ibid., pages 457–458.

57.
Harold Bloom,
Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human,
London: Fourth Estate, 1999, pages 4–5.

58.
Ibid.,
page xvii.

59.
Ibid.,
page 715.

60.
Ibid.,
page 745.

61.
Gertrude Himmelfarb,
On Looking into the Abyss,
New York: Knopf, 1994.

62.
Ibid.,
page 4.

63.
Ibid.,
page 6.

64.
Ibid.,
page 83.

65.
Ibid.,
page 8.

66.
Ibid., page 104.

67.
Ibid.,
page 24.

1.
Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon,
Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996; Touchstone paperback, 1998, pages 253–254.

2.
Ibid.,
pages 18–24.

3.
Ibid.,
pages 23–24.

4.
John Naughton,
A Brief History of the Future: The Origins of the Internet,
London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999, pages 92–119 passim; see also Hafner and Lyon,
Op. cit.,
pages 34, 38, 53, 57.

5.
Hafner and Lyon, Op.
cit.,
pages 59 and 65.

6.
Ibid.,
pages 143 and 151–154.

7.
Naughton, Op.
cit.,
pages 131–138; Hafner and Lyon,
Op. cit.,
pages 124ff.

8.
Hafner and Lyon, Op
cit.,
pages 161ff.

9.
Naughton, Op.
cit.,
Chapter 9, pages 140ff. Hafner and Lyon, page 192.

10.
Hafner and Lyon, Op.
cit.,
pages 204 and 223— 227.

11.
Ibid.,
pages 245ff

12.
Ibid.,
pages 253 and 257–258.

13.
Brian Winston, Media, Technology and Society: a history: from the telegraph to the Internet, London: Routledge, 1998.

14.
See Lauren Ruth Wiener,
Digital Woes,
New York: Addison-Wesley, 1993 for a discussion of the pros and cons of the computer culture.

15.
Michael White and John Gribbin,
Stephen Hawking: A Life in Science,
New York and London: Viking 1992; Penguin 1992, pages 223–231. Stephen Hawking,
A Brief History of Time,
London: Bantam, 1988.

16.
White and Gribbin, Op.
cit.,
page 227–229.

17.
Ibid.,
pages 245 and 264ff.

18.
Ibid.,
pages 60–61.

19.
Paul Davies,
The Mind of God,
London: Simon & Schuster, 1992, Penguin 1993, pages 63ff; White and Gribbin,
Op. cit.,
pages 149–151 and 209–213.