Martian's Daughter: A Memoir (44 page)

2
. Pew Environment Group, “History of Fuel Economy: One Decade of Innovation, Two Decades of Inaction,” The Pew Charitable Trusts,
http://www.pewfuelefficiency.org/docs/cafe_history.pdf
.

3
.
Wall Street Journal
, April 23, 2008; US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Highway Policy Information; US Census Bureau.

4
. Marina v.N. Whitman, Global Warming and CAFE Standards, Hearings before the General Motors Corporation submitted to the Senate Consumer Subcommittee of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 101st Cong., 1st Sess., May 2, 1989, pp. 130–47.

5
. Paul Ingrassia and Joseph B. White,
The Fall and Rise of the American Automobile Industry
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994), 93.

6
. “The Innovator: The Creative Mind of Roger Smith,”
New York Times Magazine
, April 21, 1985.

7
. Letter from Marina Whitman to John H. D'Arms, February 7, 1990, in my personal collection.

8
. Nick Poulos, “Economist's Ride with GM Exhilarating,”
Atlanta Journal and Atlanta Constitution
, February 16, 1986.

9
. Maryann Keller,
Rude Awakening: The Rise, Fall, and Struggle for Recovery of General Motors
(New York: William Morrow, 1989), 196.

10
. Ibid., 139.

11
. Ibid., 243.

12
. Ibid.

13
.
Automotive News
, March 12, 1990.

CHAPTER 11

1
.
Time
, November 26, 1984.

2
. Marina Whitman to Frank Press, December 5, 1988, in my personal collection.

3
. Marina von Neumann Whitman,
New World, New Rules: The Changing Role of the American Corporation
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1999).

4
. Louis Uchitelle, “Company Woman,”
New York Times
, June 27, 1999.

5
. Marina Whitman, “Women Who Take the Corporate Climb” (letter to editor),
Business Week
, July 31, 1987.

6
. Annette Churchill, “GM Vice President Marina Whitman: An Academic Makes It to the Fourteenth Floor,”
Ann Arbor Observer
, March 1986.

Aberdeen, MD,
26

Aberdeen Proving Grounds,
49

Alabama,
110
,
165

Albright, Madeleine,
14
,
278

Alcoa,
203
,
204

Allegheny Mountains,
132

Allegheny River,
103

Allen, George,
14

Allies,
4
,
40
,
46

Ambassador Hotel,
113

American Physical Society,
33

American Virgin Islands,
146

Ancker-Johnson, Betsy,
229
,
247
,
249

Anderson, Arthur,
233

Anderson, John,
226

Anschluss,
58

Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM),
137

anticommunism,
58
,
68

McCarthy,
77
,
115

Nixon,
115

von Neumann,
169

anti-Semitism,
10
,
11
,
13
,
15
,
17

Army Ordnance Department (Aberdeen, MD),
26

Artzt, Edwin,
191
–
92

atomic bombs,
1
,
4
,
11
,
37
,
42
,
77

development,
24
,
57

Japan,
40

testing,
45

See also
Manhattan Project

atomic energy,
42
,
78

peacetime uses,
185

Atomic Energy Commission (AEC),
1
,
11
,
26
,
51
,
77
,
78
,
159

von Neumann, member of,
91

von Neumann nominated for a seat,
79
,
84

Augustine, Norman

Augustine's Laws
,
196

Austria,
10
,
18
,
19
,
58

annexation of in 1938,
20
,
58

Austro-Hungarian border,
89

Austro-Hungarian Empire,
7
,
10
,
54
,
58
,
168

Austro-Hungarian Navy,
10

automobile industry,
251

Japan,
224
,
225
,
230
,
231
,
234
–
36
,
238
,
246
,
251
,
252
,
253

fuel efficiency,
219
–
20
,
227
,
236
,
248
,
252
–
53
,
263

US,
151
–
52
,
215
,
219
–
21
,
223
,
242
,
253

decline,
220

fuel efficiency,
219
–
20
,
227
,
236
,
248
,
252
–
53
,
263

See also specific name of individual company, e.g.
, General Motors Corporation

axioms,
18

Ballistics Research Laboratory (BRL; Aberdeen, MD),
26
,
49

Bankers Trust,
192

Barnard College,
96

Barra, Mary,
278

Becker, Gary,
96
–
97
,
100

Belda, Alain,
203

Berlin,
40

See also
University of Berlin

Berlin Wall,
106

Bernstein, Carl,
157
,
170

Bethesda, MD,
1

Bieber, Owen,
236

Big Three,
5
,
219
,
231
,
234
,
253

Bikini,
45

Birkhoff, Garrett,
70

Bok, Derek,
206

Book of Common Prayer
,
80

Bork, Robert,
168

Bossuet, Jacques-Bénigne,
84

Boston, MA,
32
,
207

immigrants,
34
–
35

See also
Coconut Grove

Bowen, Bill,
209
,
210
–
11
,
212
–
13

Brandeis University,
244

Bretton Woods Agreement,
120
,
121
,
139
,
140
,
289n9

Brewster, William,
65

Brezhnev, Leonid,
137

British Embassy,
142

Brooke, Edward,
135

Brookhaven National Laboratory,
42
,
43
,
46
,
185

Browning Ferris Industries (BFI),
198
,
204

Budapest,
4
,
7
,
8
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
21
,
23
,
77
,
167
,
168
–
69
,
281

See also
Lutheran Gymnasium

Budapest University,
8
,
9
,
10
,
13

Buick-Oldsmobile-Cadillac Group,
263

Bunting, Polly,
94

Burma.
See
Myanmar

Burnham, Don,
185

Burns, Arthur,
98
,
142

Bush, George H. W.,
226

Bush, George W.,
203
–
4

Butterfield, Alexander,
160

CAFE.
See
Corporate Average Fuel Economy

calculus,
55
,
70

Caldwell, Philip,
233

Calvin, John,
84

Cambodia,
117

Camp Chewonki,
2
,
86

Camp David,
124
,
146

Camp Hoover,
146
,
147

Camp Kilmer, NJ,
89

Camp Upton,
42

Canada,
212
,
244
,
253

Caroline Church,
85

Carter, Jimmy,
68
,
176
–
77
,
220
,
226
–
27
,
290n23

Castel Felice
,
85

CBS,
185
,
204

Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences,
215
–
16

Center for Advanced Technologies at Focus: Hope,
270

Chapin, Dwight,
157

Chase Manhattan Bank,
183
,
186
,
227

Chemical Bank

merger with Chase Manhattan,
183

(
see also
JPMorgan Chase)

merger with Manufacturers Hanover Bank,
183

Chevrolet,
216

Chevron,
201
,
202

China

communism,
116

Nixon's trip,
137
–
38
,
157
,
163

Chinese National Overseas Oil Corporation (CNOOC),
202
–
3

Chinitz, Benjamin,
104
,
105

Chitester, Bob,
172

Christ, Carl,
170

Chrysler,
229
,
232
,
234
,
237

Churchill, Winston,
58
,
59

Cincinnati, OH,
192

Civil War,
91
,
113
,
114

Clinton, Bill,
227

Clinton, Hillary,
278

Coconut Grove,
35

Cold War,
68
,
120

development of hydrogen bomb,
4

Einstein involvement,
60

escalation,
106

US military superiority,
228

US nuclear superiority in,
1

von Neumann involvement,
4
,
20

College Board,
90
,
94

Columbia University,
35
,
41
,
95
,
99
,
101
,
142
,
172

Business School,
96
–
97

Initiatory University Group (IUG),
41
,
42

See also
Brookhaven National Laboratory

communism,
25
,
68
,
77
,
116

China,
116
,
137

Hungary,
4
,
11
,
89