Killing Machine (46 page)

     
U.S. embassy and,
153–54

     
U.S. president’s relationship with,
231

Chandrasekdaran, Rajiv,
114–15

Cheney, Dick,
175
,
190–91

Chomsky, Noam,
84

Christmas, Brian,
112

CIA.
See
Central Intelligence Agency

citizen, U.S.

     
assassination of,
130
,
172–73
,
203–4
,
206–7
,
212
,
225

     
Constitutional protection for,
163–64
,
172–73
,
175
,
204
,
229
,
238

     
drone attack targeting,
111
,
168–69
,
212
,
214–15
,
225–26
,
227–28
,
229
,
235
,
237–38

     
U.S. government spying on,
236

civil war, Iraq,
183

civilians

     
Afghanistan control by,
58–59
,
67–68

     
CIA and war engaged in by,
132–33

     
drone attacks and death of,
135–36
,
143
,
151–52
,
155
,
170–71
,
176
,
199
,
210
,
241

     
media on death of,
104
,
151

     
Operation Hamkari and “surge” in,
113–14

     
Taliban killing,
107
,
112

     
U.S. military and private contractors killing,
103–4

     
U.S. military challenging leadership of,
120–22

Clarke, Richard,
xii
,
128–29
,
130–31

Clinton, Bill,
127–28
,
129
,
140

Clinton, Hillary,
50
,
108
,
111

     
on Afghan War troop surge,
59
,
61
,
64
,
68

     
on Iranian sanctions,
191–92

     
on Operation Hamkari,
114

     
on time frame for Afghan War troop surge,
68

     
2008 presidential campaign of,
10–11

coalition warfare,
55

Cohen, Eliot,
71–72

Cohen, Richard,
175

Cohen, Roger,
193–94
,
199
,
223–24

Cohen, William,
128

COIN.
See
counterinsurgency strategy

Coll, Steve,
24
,
133–34
,
229

colonial policy,
24
,
153–54
.
See also
nation building

Congress

     
on Afghan defense forces,
120

     
Afghanistan crisis and response of,
118–20

     
on drone warfare policy,
235–38
,
239–42

     
Iraq War Resolution from,
2

     
OLC drone warfare memos and,
214–15
,
230–31

     
presidential authority from,
1
,
185
,
205
,
239

     
transparency called for by,
240–41

conservatives,
84–85
,
182
,
202–11
,
214–15

Constitution

     
citizen protections under,
163–64
,
172–73
,
175
,
204
,
229
,
238

     
drone warfare and violation of,
xii–xiii
,
176
,
233
,
235–36

     
imminent threat and,
205
,
206–7

     
OLC bending,
ix
,
175
,
177–78
,
219
,
225

     
presidential authority and violation of,
184–85
,
187

     
treason under,
163–64
,
169

coordination,
25
,
29
,
34
,
55
,
125

Cornyn, Jon,
215

corruption,
55
,
78
,
105

cost, Afghan War,
180

counterinsurgency strategy (COIN).
See also
asymmetric warfare
;
Field Manual
3–24
,
counterinsurgency manual

     
Afghan compared to Vietnam War in,
53–54
,
55–56

     
Afghan War and change in,
56–58
,
61–62
,
113–14
,
117
,
125
,
158–59

     
Afghan War and confusion regarding,
43
,
46
,
118

     
in Afghanistan,
34–40
,
43–45
,
56–59
,
61–62
,
101
,
109
,
113–14
,
117
,
125
,
158–59
,
181–82

     
anthropologizing military in,
29–30

     
bin Laden in,
75

     
Bush, George W., administration,
83–84

     
“clear, hold, and build,”
35
,
36

     
coalition warfare and difficulty of coordinated,
55

     
colonial policy akin to United States’,
24

     
conservative convictions regarding,
182

     
coordination in,
29
,
55
,
125

     
drone warfare and,
40
,
131–32
,
159
,
179

     
experience in,
71

     
Gates and Petraeus involvement in,
32–33
,
35
,
36
,
46–47
,
48–49
,
117
,
126–27
,
181

     
Gates on theory of,
27–30

     
hammer-and-anvil approach to,
76–77

     
Kandahar and change in,
113–14
,
117

     
Kandahar as testing ground for,
94
,
97

     
Karzai government undermining,
57–58
,
59
,
60
,
15
,
98–99
,
106
,
117

     
in Marja assault,
101
,
109

     
nation building dropped from,
42

     
Obama’s,
14
,
15–16
,
19–20

     
in Pakistan,
44

     
Pakistan depended upon in,
76–77

     
Pentagon reports on success of,
107–8
,
119

     
progress measurements in,
45
,
48
,
51

     
al Qaeda,
37–39
,
43–44
,
46–47
,
48–49
,
75

     
al Qaeda conflated with Taliban in,
39
,
43–44
,
46–47
,
48–49
,
75

     
reintegration over reconciliation as,
97–98

     
for Taliban,
39
,
43–44
,
45
,
46–47
,
48–49
,
75
,
117

     
U.S. military anthropologized in,
29–30

     
U.S. military Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan narrative of,
181–82

     
in Vietnam War,
29
,
179–82

Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice
(Galula),
25

covert actions,
228–29

Crocker, Ryan,
17–18

Crumpton, Hank,
213

cyberattacks,
192–93

Davidson, Amy,
203–4

Davis, Daniel L.,
197

Davis, Raymond,
154–55
,
188

decisions and decision-making,
34–43

defense, budget cuts,
xi
,
223

democracy, perpetual war danger,
248–49

Democratic Convention, 2004,
6–7

Democrats and Democratic Party

     
drone warfare for,
viii
,
236–37
,
239–41

     
Iraq War Resolution and,
2

     
Iraq War response of,
2
,
7–8
,
10–11

     
MoveOn attack ad response from,
16–17

     
2006 election wins by,
9

Dempsey, Martin,
188

Dowd, Maureen,
79

drone attack or strike

     
accuracy,
144
,
151
,
210
,
217
,
218
,
241

     
on al-Awlaki,
xi
,
137
,
163–64
,
168–69
,
170–75
,
209
,
210
,
214
,
225
,
227
,
229
,
270n26

     
civilian deaths in,
135–36
,
143
,
151–52
,
155
,
170–71
,
176
,
199
,
210
,
241

     
humanitarian intervention parallel with,
244

     
imminent threat threshold for,
247–48

     
inside and outside U.S.,
225–26
,
227–28
,
235
,
237–38

     
in Iraq War,
131–32

     
McChrystal on,
228–29

     
media on,
73
,
132–34
,
171
,
175
,
216–19

     
Muslim world public opinion and U.S.,
170–71
,
210–11
,
222

     
“signature,”
151
,
155
,
172
,
189
,
210
,
211
,
218
,
230

     
against Taliban,
247–48

     
U.S. citizen targeted in,
111
,
168–69
,
212
,
214–15
,
225–26
,
227–28
,
229
,
235
,
237–38

     
U.S. indictment of,
127

drone warfare

     
advantages of,
41
,
132
,
162

     
in Afghan War,
135

     
American public support for,
xi
,
74
,
133
,
135

     
assassination, presidential authority, and,
129–31
,
134
,
141–43
,
172–73
,
215–16

     
bin Laden death and expansion of,
160–61
,
162–63