Authors: Roosevelt's Secret War: FDR,World War II Espionage
Tags: #Nonfiction
chapter xxvi: a leaky vessel
What Currie had learned: Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin,
The Sword and the Shield,
p. 130.
In November 1944, Wilho Tikander: Michael Warner and Robert Louis Benson, “Venona and Beyond,”
Intelligence and National Security,
vol. 12, no. 3 (July 1997), p. 9.
Finland had dropped out: Robert Louis Benson,
A History of U.S. Communications Intelligence During World War II,
p. xviii.
Consequently, he recommended: Bradley F. Smith,
The Shadow Warriors,
p. 353.
He instructed Tikander to proceed: Christopher Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky,
KGB,
p. 284; Warner and Benson, p. 9; Smith,
The Shadow Warriors,
p. 353.
“I wanted you to know. . . .”: PSF Box 151.
Though Donovan had tried to limit: Smith,
The Shadow Warriors,
pp. 353â54.
“. . . [W]e had taken advantage. . . .”: PSF Box 49.
Of course, Fitin replied: Andrew and Gordievsky, p. 285.
Donovan's aide Ned Putzell: Bradley F. Smith,
Sharing Secrets with Stalin,
p. 233.
For their part, American cryptanalysts: Warner and Benson, p. 9.
The Russian codes sold: ibid., p. 10.
However, Putzell: interview, Erwin J. “Ned” Putzell, Nov. 29, 1999.
Neither the archives of the OSS: Smith,
Sharing Secrets,
p. 233.
For Stalin to suspect: Smith,
The Shadow Warriors,
p. 355.
“[W]ith all the tremendous burdens. . . .”: PSF Box 131.
Roosevelt handed the task over: PSF Earle.
“My dear Mr. President, Turkey. . . .”: ibid.
“Eighty million Germans. . . .”: ibid.
“There is no vacancy. . . .”: ibid.
He fired off a warning to the President: MR Box 164.
“The fact that this raiding. . . .”: James MacGregor Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom,
p. 73; MR Box 19.
Casualties from the V-1s: David Irving,
The Mare's Nest,
p. 295.
On December 7, Leahy carried: MR Box 20.
Leahy, still skeptical: MR Box 164.
“The entire Atlantic Seaboard. . . .”: Suckley, Binder 8, p. 237.
“the extent of offshore coastal protection. . . .”: POF 106.
“This development of the [V-2]. . . .”: Walter Dornberger,
V-2,
p. 142.
Thus German rocket scientists: Gerhard L. Weinberg,
A World at Arms,
p. 564.
“Very fast. . . .”: Dornberger, p. 143.
Indeed, a rocket launch site: Dennis Piszkiewicz,
The Nazi Rocketeers,
p. 184.
“The purpose of this,” the report: MR Box 164.
The German navy's chief: Jim Bishop,
FDR's Last Year,
pp. 82â83.
The photo of the U-boat with rails: POF 106.
Confirming Admiral Doenitz's strategy: Hoover to Hopkins, Jan. 8, 1945, FDRL.
“The capability exists. . . .”: MR Box 164.
And well over a year had passed: F. H. Hinsley,
British Intelligence in the Second World War,
p. 347; Weinberg, p. 564.
In another engineering triumph: Peter Young, ed.,
The World Almanac Book of World War II,
p. 471.
The reality, however, was: Irving,
The Mare's Nest,
p. 299.
The very next day his wife:
NY Mirror,
Feb. 17, 1945; HH Papers, Box 138, FDRL.
On his arrival, still trembling: Robert H. Ferrell,
The Dying President: Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1944â1945,
p. 12.
“Imagine my shock,” he told her: Earle to Boettiger, March 21, 1945, FDRL.
“I have read your letter. . . .”: MR 171.
He wanted it understood: ibid.
“I shall issue no public statement. . . .”: PSF Box 131.
“Your orders to the Pacific. . . .”: ibid.
Now Hoover was telling him: Hoover to Roosevelt, Jan. 8, 1945, FDRL.
“Willy, I suppose about sixteen. . . .”: Francis Biddle,
In Brief Authority,
p. 342.
He went into the Navy: David Kahn,
Hitler's Spies,
p. 8.
They were to be infiltrated: ibid., p. 13.
Not only did the SD: ibid., pp. 12â22.
The next day, he turned himself: ibid., p. 23.
“She stated that. . . .”: POF Box 103.
“[H]e [Willy] is no relation of mine. . . .”: ibid.
On Valentine's Day 1945: Kahn,
Hitler's Spies,
p. 26.
He feared that the Pacific war: Winston S. Churchill,
The Second World War,
Vol. 5,
Closing the Ring,
p. 569.
“When I first got to Tehran. . . .”: Suckley, Binder 17, p. 91.
“I have received a reply from U.J. . . .”: Francis L. Loewenheim, Harold D. Langley, and Manfred Jonas, eds.,
Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence,
p. 596.
“That mountain road had been built. . . .”: William Rigdon,
White House Sailor,
p. 145.
“. . . [I]f we had spent. . . .”: ibid., p. 137.
Consequently, Roosevelt supported: Loewenheim, Langley, and Jonas, p. 656; John Gunther,
Roosevelt in Retrospect,
p. 359.
Churchill's foreign minister: Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom,
p. 575.
He was ready to meet: Bishop, p. 545.
“Ross and Bruenn are both worried. . . .”: Ferrell, p. 108.
“. . . [T]he President appears. . . .”: ibid., p. 105.
FDR left frail in body: Winston S. Churchill,
Memoirs of the Second World War,
p. 927.
Occupation zones:
FRUS,
1945, vol. I, p. 579.
The tall, patrician Alger Hiss: Norman Polmar and Thomas B. Allen,
Spy Book,
p. 262.
“After the Yalta conference. . . .”: Benson, p. 423.
The jump to an inside page:
Chicago Tribune,
Feb. 7, 1945.
“Creation of an all-powerful. . . .”: ibid., Feb. 9, 1945.
Senate Democrat: Anthony Cave Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 628.
“[T]his document, emanating from an office. . . .”: ibid., p. 629.
“What is happening here? . . .”: M 1642, Reel 3, Frames 788, 789.
“The joint chiefs of staff. . . .”:
Chicago Tribune,
Feb. 11, 1945.
“Comparing the proposal. . . .”:
NYT,
Feb. 13, 1945.
“Donovan is one of the trail blazers. . . .”:
Washington Post,
Feb. 16, 1945.
Donovan was soon back in Washington: Smith,
The Shadow Warriors,
p. 400.
“was not the result of an accident. . . .”: ibid.; Donovan to JCS, Feb. 15, 1945, FDRL.
The JCS staff had made changes:
Chicago Tribune,
Feb. 9, 1945; Donovan to JCS, Feb. 19, 1945; National Archives, M 1642.
“A reading of these articles. . . .”: Donovan to Roosevelt, Feb. 23, 1945, FDRL.
Hoover “goes to the White House. . . .”: Curt Gentry,
J. Edgar Hoover,
p. 313.
By deliberately leaking the documents: interview, Walter Trohan, Sept. 29, 1999.
He was also at the time: Gentry, pp. 313â14.
“[T]he British were believed to know. . . .”: Thomas F. Troy,
Donovan and the CIA,
p. 282.
Virgilio Scattolini was a short, fat Roman: Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 702; Robin W. Winks,
Cloak and Gown,
p. 356.
The first delivery to Scamporini: Winks, p. 353.
Soon the Vatican reports:
Washington Post,
Aug. 3, 1980.
Donovan's front office: M 1642, Reel 119, Frames 2, 3; Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 689.
“This series offers great promise. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 119, Frames 2, 3.
Scamporini knew only that Settacioli: Brown,
The Last Hero,
pp. 685â86.
The informant also had access: Winks, p. 355.
What he did not know: ibid.; Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 685.
His office was handling over: Winks, p. 354; Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 687.
On January 11: PSF Box 151.
Vessel message 7a: ibid.
“The Japanese minimum demands. . . .”: ibid.
The papal envoy showed a sensitivity: ibid.
“On 10 January the Japanese Emperor. . . .”: ibid.
Along with the White House, Donovan: M 1642, Reel 136, Frame 677.
“The Japanese have recently. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 11, Frame 4.
Using Vessel to cultivate the Navy: Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 694.
Even while the President: ibid., p. 697.
Roosevelt's secretary, Grace Tully: ibid., p. 696; M 1642, Reel 119, Frame 71.
Thereafter, with Mussolini's acquiescence: William L. Shirer,
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich,
p. 1005.
The widow then fled: Shirer, p. 1005; M 1642, Reel 21, Frames 485, 486.
A Vessel message forwarded to the President: PSF Box 153.
“. . . Vessel report was undoubtedly. . . .”: M 14, Reel 119, Frame 132; Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 695.
“warn all people handling Vessel. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 119, Frame 88.
Both men feared: Brown,
The Last Hero,
pp. 699â700.
“We have very good reason to believe. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 110, Frame 104.
Rome was aware of ten: Winks, p. 355.
“. . . suggest you also consider. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 119, Frame 104.
On March 2, Dunn advised:
Washington Post,
Aug. 3, 1980.
“Conversation as reported. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 119, Frame 129.
“Dear Jimmie. . . .”: M 1642, Reel 21, Frame 294.
He found it hard to swallow: Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 686.
Angleton, a Catholic: Winks, p. 355.
“The procedure of the Papal audiences. . . .”:
Washington Post,
Aug. 3, 1980.
Scattolini had, in fact: ibid.
While FDR was en route to Yalta: PSF 151.
He wanted to uncover the chain: Winks, p. 356; Brown,
The Last Hero,
p. 701.
chapter xxvii: who knewâand when?
“We Soviets welcome. . . .”: Richard A. Russell,
Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan,
p. 8.
Out of this demand was born: ibid., pp. 8â16.
General Douglas MacArthur: Douglas MacArthur,
Reminiscences,
p. 262.
“From time to time. . . .”: Dwight D. Eisenhower,
Crusade in Europe,
p. 229.
“I did not then know. . . .”: ibid., p. 443.
That army, by now, had grown: James MacGregor Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom,
p. 456.
“I reported as requested. . . .”: Omar N. Bradley and Clay Blair,
A General's Life,
p. 211.
“When I finished, Roosevelt. . . .”: ibid.
“I decided that the President. . . .”: ibid.
“What if the Germans had . . .?”: interview, John Eisenhower, May 30, 2000; John Eisenhower,
Strictly Personal,
p. 97.
“is the biggest fool thing. . . .”: Christopher Andrew,
For the President's Eyes Only,
p. 150; Jim Bishop,
FDR's Last Year,
p. 25.
“I am not sure how long. . . .”: Bishop, p. 249.
While trusting in Stettinius: Cordell Hull,
The Memoirs of Cordell Hull,
p. 1110.
“We now have the discovery. . . .”: Joseph P. Lash,
A World of Love: Eleanor Roosevelt and Her Friends, 1943â1962,
pp. 125â26.
Sensing that this was one arena: Burns, p. 455.
He was subsequently removed: Doris Kearns Goodwin,
No Ordinary Time,
p. 621.
“A single bomb of this type. . . .”: Alexander Sachs Box 1, FDRL.
“When he asked about my emotion. . . .”: James Roosevelt,
My Parents,
pp. 169â70.
J. Edgar Hoover learned of the bomb: Pavel Sudoplatov and Anatoli Sudoplatov,
Special Tasks,
p. 187.
Thus, in the spring of 1943: David Dallin,
Soviet Espionage,
pp. 468â69; Robert Louis Benson,
A History of U.S. Communications Intelligence During World War II,
p. xviii.
Hoover's rival, Wild Bill Donovan: Anthony Cave Brown,
The Last Hero,
pp. 771â75.
His predecessor as vice president:
FRUS,
3d Washington Conference, p. 188.
“Stimson told me. . . .”: Harry S Truman,
Memoirs,
Vol. 1,
Year of Decisions,
p. 10.
“He does all the talking. . . .”: David G. McCullough,
Truman,
p. 328.
“[T]he president told me. . . .”: Robert Ferrell,
Harry S. Truman,
p. 172.
“. . . [H]e's just going to pieces. . . .”: ibid.
“You remember when we were together. . . .”: Robert Ferrell, unpublished draft, undated.
As a senator who chaired: ibid.
“It may be necessary. . . .”: Dan Kurzman,
Day of the Bomb,
p. 212.
“is a nuisance. . . .”: ibid., p. 213.
“the wisdom of testing. . . .”: Richard Rhodes,
The Making of the Atomic Bomb,
p. 635.
“I do not know the substance. . . .”: PPF 7177.
“The President . . . had suggested. . . .”: Henry L. Stimson and McGeorge Bundy,
On Active Service in Peace and War,
p. 615.
“A German espionage agent. . . .”: POF 10B.
“This information is. . . .”: ibid.
“. . . [H]ope for a German bomb. . . .”: Leslie B. Rout Jr. and John F. Bratzel,
The Shadow War,
p. 480.
“. . . [R]espect the right of all peoples. . . .”: Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom,
p. 130.
“Let me, however, make this clear. . . .”: Robert E. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
p. 656.
He had been particularly irked: ibid.
“I imagine it is one. . . .”: David Stafford,
Churchill and Secret Service,
p. 284.