Island of Shame: The Secret History of the U.S. Military Base on Diego Garcia (54 page)

“Open Door” policy of,
43
,
49

opposition of to Chagossian resettlement on Diego Garcia,
177

possessions of in the Pacific,
48

purchase of Alaska (1867),
48

responsibility of for the future of the Chagossians,
180
–81

secret talks with the United Kingdom on island bases in the Indian Ocean,
76
–78

seizure of the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam,
48
–49

“special relationship” of with the United Kingdom,
89
–90

value of its military installations outside the United States,
16
.
See also
United States, military bases of

United States, military bases of,
227
n72,
245
n17,
246
–47n31

acquisition of bases from foreign countries,
49
–51

acquisition of bases in the Pacific during World War II,
50
–51,
52

acquisition of British military bases in exchange for destroyers (“destroyers for bases”/“lend-lease”),
49
–50

in Afghanistan and Iraq,
16
–17

in Africa,
189

in the Balkans and the Middle East,
188

in the Caribbean,
50

displacement of native peoples by the United States for base development (“base displacement”),
65
–68,
182
–83

evolution of the overseas base network,
53
–54

fears by the military of revolts against bases,
89
,
228
n2

and the “forward strategy,”
57
–59

“geopolitical attractiveness” of island bases,
187
–88,
246
n24

illegitimacy of,
194
–95

naval bases,
4
,
48
,
60

number of U.S. military bases,
42

number of U.S. military bases in countries other than the United States,
16
,
42
,
216
n8

post–Civil War bases,
47
–48

post–World War II basing network,
51
–53

power of,
54
–55

pre–World War II bases,
217
n19

“strategic triangle” of,
79
–80

view of Pacific island bases as “strategic trust territory,”
53
.
See also
Diego Garcia (military base)

United States Air Force,
85
,
86
,
121
,
187
,
231
n20

budget of for base on Aldabra,
96

United States Navy,
61
,
84
,
85
,
86
,
96
,
101
,
106
,
121
,
183
,
231
n20,
244
n1

and the “forward strategy,”
57
–58

importance of military bases to,
187
–88

lobbying of for military/naval base at Diego Garcia,
102
–3

position of on hiring Chagossians,
233
–34n54

report on of the progress of Chagossian deportation,
109

seizure of Koho‘olawe Island by.
See also
Bikini Atoll; Diego Garcia (military base); Seabees

Urbina, Ricardo,
174

U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM),
185

U.S. Department of Defense (DOD),
69
,
71
,
104
,
116
,
216
n8,
231
n20

Systems Analysis department of,
96
–98,
100
–101

U.S. Embassy (Port Louis), concern of over Chagossian deportees to Mauritius,
115
–16

U.S. Empire,
17
–18,
18
n,
185
–86,
191
–92,
210
–11n49

critics of,
43
,
46

development of,
12

domination of ocean territory,
187
–88

and economic forms of “Open Door” imperialism,
186
–87

economic power of its military bases,
46

as an “Empire of Bases,”
42

as an empire of economics,
43

as an empire of “invisibility,”
190

and European territorial empires,
246
n24

importance of military bases to,
46

as a “liberal empire,”
43

U.S. State Department,
71
,
104
,
234
–35n20

Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs,
101
–2

Utirik Atoll,
64

Vest, George,
95
,
121
–22

Victor, Jacques,
140
,
239
n14

Vieques Island,
16

displacement of native peoples from,
66

Vietnam War,
55
,
73
,
77
,
96
,
184
,
185

Vincattassin, Michel,
166

Vindasamy, Joseph,
160

Vine, David,
12
–15,
207
nn24–25,
208
nn27–28

Virgin Islands,
49

Volfrin, Francine,
138
,
145

Wake Island,
53

Walker, Iain,
137

Washington, George,
43

Washington Post
,
18
,
80
–81,
112
,
122

Weber, Max,
117

“Westfall Act,”
174

Wilson, Harold,
82
,
99

Wilson, Woodrow,
49

Winchester, Simon,
15

Winn, Larry,
121
–22

Wizards of Armageddon
(Kaplan),
96

World Bank,
43
,
46

World Trade Organization,
46

Wright, Jerauld,
221
n22

Yavapai people,
156

Yemen,
194

zanfan Chagossien
(an individual born in exile to one or two parents born in Chagos),
159

Zumwalt, Elmo Russell, Jr.,
13
,
97
,
101
,
111
,
121
,
182
,
232
n31,
233
–34n54

role of in establishing military/naval base at Diego Garcia,
106
–8