Ice Ship: The Epic Voyages of the Polar Adventurer Fram (44 page)

Norwegian Sea,
28
,
29
,
80
,
128
,
183

Novaya Zemlya,
28
,
44
,
118

Oates, Lawrence “Titus,”
252
,
255

Olsen, Karenius,
219
,
220
,
240
,
262

Olsen, Karl,
131
,
132
,
164
,
168
,
170
,
186–87
,
201
,
291

Omdal, Oskar,
277
,
278
,
279

Örnen
,
92
,
93
,
94

Oslo,
4
,
213
,
278
,
280
,
290
,
291
,
292
,
294
.
See also
Christiania Oslofjord,
119
,
269

Otaria
,
95
,
96
,
118

Panama,
268

Panama Canal,
267–68

Pandora
,
11–12
,
140
,
142

Peary, Robert,
136
,
149
,
150
,
152–53
,
158–59
,
210
,
217
,
267

permafrost,
231

Pettersen, Lars: death,
125
; duties,
39
,
54
,
55
,
83
,
86
,
87
; on
Fram
,
49
,
58
,
65
,
122
; qualities,
36
,
68

Pim Island,
128
,
138–39
,
142
,
143–44
,
147
,
158–59

polar day,
106–7

polar fever,
1
,
4
,
15

Polaris
,
138–41
,
146

polar season,
106–7

Polheim (Polar Home),
249
,
250
,
252

Polhøgda (Polar Heights),
281
,
282

pressure ridge: defined,
8
,
54
,
70
; First Expedition,
54
,
75
–76
,
82
,
85
,
91
: Second Expedition,
130
,
168–69
,
175
,
193
; sledge/kayak trip,
97
,
101

Prestrud, Kristian:
219
,
222
,
223
,
241
,
243
,
244–45
,
247
,
262

primus stove,
191

Proteus
,
143–44

purpura nautica,
see
scurvy

Queen Maud Range,
250
.
See also
Transantarctic Mountains

Raanes, Oluf: at Beechey Island,
199
; on
Fram
,
132
,
168
,
195
; injury,
166
; as mate,
131
,
133
,
164
; at Nordstrand,
186
; sledging,
181–82
,
183
,
190
,
191
,
194
,
198
; at Sverdrup’s funeral,
291

Rae, John,
17

Reindeer Bay,
175–76

reindeer (caribou),
23
,
24
,
45
,
46
,
137
,
185
,
289

Rice Strait,
128
,
129
,
142
,
147
,
158

Riiser-Larsen, Hjalmar,
277
,
278–79

Ringnes, Amund,
13
,
129
,
194

Ringnes Brewing Company,
13
,
58
,
64

Ringnes, Ellef,
13
,
129
,
194

Rønne, Martin,
219
,
220
,
240
,
262
,
273–74

Ross Ice Shelf,
see
Great Ice Barrier

Ross Island,
206
,
229
,
232
,
255

Ross, James Clark,
211

Ross, John,
198

Ross Sea,
226
,
255

Rutherford Cape,
148

Sandefjord,
209
,
291

San Francisco,
3
,
213
,
258
,
263
,
264
,
268
,
269

Sannikoff Land,
48
,
50

Schei, Per: at Bear Fort,
177
; on
Fram
,
132
,
168
,
200
; frostbite,
152
; as geologist,
133
,
193
; sledging,
157
,
164
,
167
,
173
,
190–91
,
194
,
198

Schröer, Adolf Hermann,
219
,
221

Scott expedition: base station (Hut),
229
; bodies found,
257
; deaths,
254–56
; difficulties,
228–29
,
252–54
; fossil collecting,
230
,
257
; ponies,
228
,
229
,
252
,
253
,
256; at South Pole,
250–
52
; South Pole trip,
228–29
,
243
,
248–49
,
252
–54
; voyage to Antarctica,
217
,
225–26
,
230
; ways of polar travel,
228–29
,
252–54

Scott-Hansen, Sigurd: on
Fram
,
64
,
65
,
80–81
,
82
,
84
,
87
,
122
; Fram Museum dedication,
293
; on
Heimdal
,
202
; scientific work,
34
,
38
,
53
,
57
,
68
,
88
; as second-in-command,
32
,
34

Scott, Robert Falcon,
8
,
217
,
225–26
,
252
,
253
,
256–57
.
See also
Scott expedition

scurvy,
59
,
61
,
94
,
141
,
144
,
187
,
210
,
254–55

seal: bearded,
91
,
101
,
102
,
105
; bladdernose (hooded),
135
; harbor,
135
; ringed,
60
,
100

Second Expedition: Braskerud’s death,
163
,
164
; crew,
131–34
,
132
,
168
; departs Ellesmere,
200
; departs Norway,
134
; encounters Peary,
150
,
153
; financing,
129
; fire onboard,
171
,
172
; Inuit visitors,
153
; mission,
133
; original plan,
129
,
155
; returns to Norway,
201–3
,
202–3
; route,
28
,
128
,
134–35
,
137–38
,
147
,
158–62
,
179–83
,
201–3
; routines,
151
,
166
,
188
,
197
; sledging explorations,
155–57
,
156
,
167
,
169–71
,
172–77
,
186–88
,
190–94
,
198
; Svendsen’s suicide,
157–58
; winter harbors,
128
,
129
,
142
,
147
,
162–
63
,
183–84
,
196–97

sector principle,
286–87
,
300

Severnaya Zemlya,
28
,
289

Shackleton, Ernest,
216
,
217
,
225
,
226
,
228
,
249
,
253

Shetland Islands,
201

Siberia: First Expedition,
7
,
10
,
28
,
29
,
41
,
45–46
;
Jeannette
expedition,
3
,
29
;
Maud
expedition,
273–75
; and Northeast Passage,
2
,
18
; Sverdrup’s later missions,
289

Simmons, Herman Georg: as botanist,
133
,
161
,
195
,
199
; as doctor,
187
; fire on
Fram
,
171–72
; on
Fram
,
132
,
133
,
164
,
168
,
170
,
184
,
195
; illness,
166
; sledging,
157
,
184

Simmons Peninsula,
172
,
186

Skjervøy,
94
,
95

Skreia Island,
162
,
163
,
166

skua,
70
,
112

Smith, Leigh,
108
,
115

Smith Sound,
142
,
150
,
158
,
161
,
179
,
250

snadd,
see
seal, harbor

snow blindness,
157

snowfield,
8

Søstrene
,
92
,
95

South America,
206
,
223
,
226
,
237–38
,
267–69

South Cape,
163

South Pole,
1
,
2
,
106–7
,
230–31
,
255
.
See also
Amundsen expedition; Nansen, Fridtjof; Scott expedition

South Pole, The
,
226
,
251
,
260

Spitsbergen,
7
,
28
,
92
,
93
,
277
,
279
.
See also
Svalbard

starvation,
59
,
94
,
99
,
140
,
144

Stavanger,
202
,
203

Stolz, Rudolf,
132
,
157
,
162
,
164
,
167–68
,
173
,
198

St. Paul
,
265

Straits of Magellan,
268

Stubberud, Jørgen: death,
294
; duties,
220
,
243
; on
Fram
,
219
,
262
; at Johansen’s funeral,
265
; King Edward VII Land trip,
241
,
246
; South Pole party,
244–45

Suggen (dog),
85
,
103
,
104

Sundbeck, Knut,
219
,
220
,
240
,
262
,
273–74

Svalbard: Amundsen flight,
278
; Andrée expedition,
94
; currents,
7
; First Expedition,
28
; Nansen/Johansen sledge/kayak trip,
72–73
,
92–94
,
101
,
104–5
,
112–13
; ownership,
287
; tourists,
130

Svendsen, Johan,
132
,
134
,
151
,
157
,
164
,
168
,
269

Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik,
275

Sverdrup Island (Russia),
46

Sverdrup Islands (Canada),
28
,
128
,
129
,
280
,
287

Sverdrup, Otto: adopts Inuit ways,
253
; and Alexander Nansen,
33
; captain/commander First Expedition,
33
–34
,
40
,
64–65
,
67
,
76
,
80
,
125
; claims Sverdrup Islands for Norway,
287
,
299
; commander Second Expedition,
129
,
132
,
168
; death,
287
,
291
; disagrees with Nansen,
39
,
50
,
73
,
82
; after First Expedition,
130
; First Expedition return,
122
; on
Fram
, First Expedition,
61
,
64
,
65
; and
Fram
’s design/construction,
15
,
22
,
34
; Greenland crossing,
15
,
33
,
34
; as hunter,
137
,
147
,
165
,
167
,
197
; in ice-cave,
176–77
; meets Peary,
150
; in old age,
288
;
other duties,
55
,
73
,
78
,
83
,
133
; on Pim Island,
142
,
147
,
158
; qualities,
33
,
67
,
73
,
78–79
,
82
,
186
,
187
,
192
; saves
Fram
,
290–92
; search for Nansen/Johansen,
92–93
,
95
,
130
; after Second Expedition,
288–90
; Second Expedition return,
202
,
288
; sledging,
155
,
156
,
164
,
175–76
,
186
,
190
,
197–98
; Svendsen’s suicide,
157
; as writer,
84
,
88
,
148
,
160
,
184
,
185
,
192–93
.
See also
First Expedition, Second Expedition