Authors: Christianna Brand
Mr Gifford sat down and Mr Rutherford Clark rose to cross-examine.
The opening question in a cross-examination is often of paramount importance. The witness has come through his examination-in-chiefâa little battered, it may well be if he be not telling the truth, and thankful to have such an ordeal safely over. He relaxes, breathes a sigh of relief; and before he has had time to brace himself for the shocks in store, calmly, without sign or ceremonial
of change-over, the next question comes. One man has sat down, one man has risen to his feet, and that is all. But it is his friend who has sat down; the man he now faces is his enemy.
Mr Rutherford Clark's first question was: âWas your watch right that Saturday morning?'
The old man must have been taken a little aback; such a casual general question, not apparently leading to anywhere in particular. He answered âYes.'
âYou know that?'
âAy, it gangs very regular,' said old Mr Fleming.
âTherefore you are sure about the hour you have given us?'
So that was it!âa point of no particular importance (of no particular danger his heart must have said, if his heart held guilty secrets). He thought counsel referred to the screams he had heard in the night. âYes, exactly four o'clock and a fine clear morning.'
But Mr Clark cared nothing at the moment for the screams in the night. âYou are quite sure, then, that you lay in bed till nine o'clock?'
The old man had said so. He had lain from six o'clock to nine, waiting for Jess to bring him up his bit of porridge. He repeated now, âYes.'
âYou were not out of your bed or dressed till nine o'clock or thereby?'
âI didna leave ma bed till nine o'clock.'
âWho was the first person you spoke to on that Saturday morning?'
The first person Mr Fleming was known to have spoken toâor so Master M'Quarrie would later say in evidenceâwas the milk-boy, at twenty minutes to eight. But if he hadn't got up till nine, he couldn't have spoken to the milk-boy. âOn Saturday morning? It was the girl for the len' o' the spade.'
âHer name is Brownlie, I believe?'
âI dinna ken. She's Mr Stewart's servant.'
âWhat time was that?'
This time Mr Fleming definitely said it was about eleven o'clock.
âAnd until she came there was no one in the house that you had seen?'
âNo one that I saw.'
âBut was there anyone?'
âNo,' said the old man.
âWhen does the milk usually come?'
âIt aye comes betwixt eight and nine o'clock.'
Mr Clark made a neat little swoop. He moved on to Monday. The old man had said he had risen at eight on Monday morning; if, as he now also said, the milk came after eight, he must have been up to receive it. âWhen does it usually come on Monday morning?'
But Mr Fleming, though vague enough when he wanted to be, was not so slow either. âIt came aye aboot one time [it always came about the same time], but I didna require any on the Monday morning as I had tae gang awa' tae the toon.' (The milk-boy's evidence was that on all three mornings the old man came to the doorâthough he was for nae milk.)
âWhy did you not require any milk on Monday?'
âI had tae gang awa' to the toon,' insisted the old man, âand there's a milk shop in our property in the Briggate, an' I went in there an' got a ha'penny roll an' a mutchkin of milk. That was a' the breakfast I got on Monday morning.'
But Mr Clark had his bird netted and they both knew it. âDid the milk come upon the Saturday morning?'
âI don't think it did,' said old Fleming. What else was there to say?
âIt is brought to the front door?'
âAlways to the front door.â¦' He embarked on one of his little diversions. âBut it was not locked nor the chain on it nor anything but the latch.â¦'
Mr Clark ignored the diversion. âDid you hear a ring at the front-door bell at the time when the milk should have come on Saturday morning?'
âNo,' said Mr Fleming, brought up short.
âDo you swearâdo you
swear
that you did not open the door before that womanâMr Stewart's servantâcame for the spade?'
âYes,' swore Mr Fleming.
âDid you not open the door to the milkman that morning?'
âNo.' But it sounded very bald. âI don't recollect the milkman coming.'
âDid you not open the door to the milk-boy and tell him that there was no milk required that morning?'
The old man retreated into vagueness. âThere was one that I told that to. I recollect that.'
âYou remember that now?'
âI do.'
âThen it was not true that Mr Stewart's servant was the first person to whom you opened that front door on Saturday morning?'
âIt was Mr Stewart's servant to whom I opened the door first.'
âDid you open the door for the milk-boy?'
âNo, I didn't,' said the old man. âMr Stewart's servant was the first that I opened the door to, and then to the baker.'
There is nothing like a nice muddle to confuse the issue in cross-examination, and Mr Rutherford Clark must have recognised with some despair thatâintentionally or otherwiseâthe old gentleman was going to correct and contradict himself till he had them both in a splendid muddle now. He started all over again. âDid the milkman come to the door on Saturday morning?'
âI'm sure I canna charge my memory particularly about the milkman on Saturday morning.'
âMr Fleming, you told me a little while ago that you remember him coming on Saturday.'
Mr Fleming played for time. âI did not require any milk.'
âI don't care about that. You told me that you remembered that the milkman came upon that Saturday. Did the milkman come on Saturday or did he not?'
There was a long pause; the Court, and Mr Clark too, must have held their breaths. But, âI'm sure I canna answer that,' said the old man.
Mr Clark tried again. âMr Flemingâcan you tell me whether you opened the door to any person before that servant of Mr Stewart who came for the spade?'
âNo, I don't think I opened the door to any person till she came. I am sure of that,' said Mr Fleming, taking heart. âIt was about eleven o'clock that she came, and the baker came shortly after.' (Elizabeth was to say that it was two o'clock in the afternoon.)
âAre you sure, therefore, that the milk did not come that morning?'
But the old man dodged again. âI am sure I did not get any milk that morning.'
âNever mind that. Are you sure it did not come?'
âI rather think it did not come.'
âCould it have got in that morning without you opening the door?'
âThere was no milk brought in.'
âDid you refuse to take milk that Saturday morning?'
What must have been Mr Clark's feelings when the old man at last simply answered âYes.'
He pressed his advantage, eagerly; âDid you refuse to take in the milk that Saturday morning?'
âI refused to take milk. I did not require it.'
But Mr Fleming was getting into deepish waters. The judge hastened to his aid. âAre you sure, Mr Clark, that he fully understands the question?'
Mr Clark doubtless felt little gratitude for this judicial interruption of the keen flow of his examination, now that he really had things moving. âI am persuaded that he does, my lord. Did you say to anyone, Mr Fleming, that you did not need any milk that morning, that Saturday? Did you say it to the milk-boy?'
âI told him that I did not need it,' said the old man.
It must have been a moment of tremendous excitement. âNow, Mr Fleming, don't let us make any mistake about this matter.
Did you say to the milk-boy that you required no milk that day?
'
âYes, I think I did. This was the morning that I got no milk at all.'
A juryman here interrupted to ask counsel to make sure that there was no mistake about the day. âI am very anxious that there should be no mistake,' Mr Clark replied fervently, and put the question again. âYou understand, Mr Fleming, that the morning I am speaking about at present is the Saturday morning?'
âYes,' said Mr Fleming.
He hammered it home yet again. âJust attend, Mr Fleming. On that Saturday morning you said to the milk-boy that you required no milk at that time?'
âYes.'
Down came the trap. âWellâ
at what time of day
did you say this?'
Old Fleming took refuge in vagueness once more. The boy would have rung the bell and he would just have said he needed no milk. Lord Deas kindly prompted him: he could have said that without ever opening the door.
â
Could
you have said that without opening the door?'
âYes; I could take the front door off the sneck [the latch], leaving the chain fastened, and speak to the milk-boy. I think I left the front door on the chain.'
âAre you sure, Mr Clark,' insisted the anxious judge, âthat he fully understands the question?'
âI am trying to make it as plain as I can, my lord,' said Rutherfurd Clark. He addedâwith what degree of scorn, irritability or umbrage we must judge for ourselvesâthat he had no wish to take any advantage.
âI have no doubt of that,' said Lord Deas pacifically.
Cross-examination resumed. âHad the door a chain?' asked Mr Clarkâliterally and metaphorically in words of one syllable.
Yes, it had a chain.
âCould you have opened the door and spoken to the milk-boy without taking off the chain?' (âMisunderstand' that if you can!)
Yes, he could.
âDid you do so?'
âYes.'
Well, that was unequivocal enough; except that Donald M'Quarrie was to say that the first thing he heard that morning was the chain being taken down from the door.
âNow, Mr Flemingâdo you remember going to the door that morning and opening it to the milk-boy?'
Mr Fleming took refuge in one of his
non sequiturs
. âNo, I did not let him in.'
âDid you see him at the door?'
âIt's likely I would.'
âMr Fleming, do you remember speaking to the milk-boy on that Saturday morning?'
âI would just say to him that I would not require any milk.'
âDo you remember seeing him at the door?'
âYes, I think I do.'
âDid the bell ring when the boy came?'
âIt's most likely it would.'
âBut do you remember if it rang?'
âWell, I wouldna have gone to the door if the bell had not rung,' said the old man.
âWell, but do you remember if it rang?'
âI canna mind everything.â¦'
He was retreating again. Mr Clark left him to it and opened a fresh attack from a slightly different angle. âWhat time of the morning was it that the milk-boy came?'
It was just about his usual timeâbetween eight and nine.
âWere you dressed?' said Mr Clark.
No doubt it sounded to the uninitiated innocent enough. Old Mr Fleming knew otherwise. He temporised as usual. âOn Saturday morning, do you mean?'
âYes, on Saturday morning?'
âI canna say that; I suppose I would.' He added: âI got up about nine o'clock that morning.'
Just what Mr Rutherfurd Clark wanted! âWell, if the milk-boy came about eight or nine o'clock, how could you be dressed if you didn't get up till nine?'
There was another of those long pauses that at a murder trial are filled, for the unaccustomed spectator at any rate, with a sort of vicarious terror. He said at last, slowly: âWhether I was dressed or not, I cannot charge my memory. I might not be dressed.'
âBut you said that you lay in bed till about nineâand then got up and dressed yourself?'
âYes.'
âIs that true?'
There was nothing to say but yes again.
And we may imagine for ourselves, another pause. Mr Clark would stand for a momentâdeliberately, perhaps, to create an âatmosphere', or simply collecting his thoughts, girding himself for the spring. For this was to be the question of questions, this was to be the point and focus of all that had gone before. Did he bark it out suddenly, or whisper it dramatically, or just put it casually, as if it hardly mattered at all?
âWhy did you not let Jessie open the door when the milk-boy came?'
And: âJessie?' said the old man. âJessie, ye kenâit was a' ower wi' Jessie afore that.'
Sensation in Court cried the papers next morning; and no doubt that was putting it mildly. Indeed, in the hubbub, the answer was partially lost, and the
North British Daily Mail
heard it as: âJessieâwe kent it was a' ower wi' Jessie afore that,' or, as they translated it for their readers, âWe knew that Jessie was dead and could not go to the door.'
Into the hushing of the ushers, Mr Clark repeated his question. âWhy did you not let Jessie open the door to the milkman when he came?'
âThere was nae Jessie to open the door that morning,' said the old man helplessly.
Lord Deas intervened. âYou had better put the question another way. Ask him why he opened the door himself that morning.'
âWillingly,' said Mr Clark, though it was not precisely the same question, even allowing for different phrasing. He got round that rather neatly. âWhy did you open the door when the milk-boy cameâin place of allowing Jessie to open it?'
The old man began to fluff badly. âI was just saying to himâthe chain was onâwe did not require any milk. She was deed afore that.'
Mr Clark was anxious to pursue his line of enquiry, but here was an admission that must be noted. âMy lord, there is one matter in this answer which I think is very important. He says the chain was on.' Having got the fact safely into cold storage, as it were, he returned to the immediate attack. âMr Fleming, I must have an answer to this question. Why did you go to the door and open it when the milkman came? Why did you not allow Jessie to open the door?'