Gun Control in the Third Reich (38 page)

disarming of,
145
–
55
,
155
n
,
156
–
59
,
156
n
,
160
–
61
,
172
,
184
–
85
, insert
6

disarming of, Gestapo regulations,
181
–
82

disarming of, results,
156
,
157
,
158
–
59
,
165

as enemies of the state,
125
–
26

exclusion from firearms businesses,
109
–
10
,
131

and firearm for kosher slaughter of cattle,
196

firearms permits denied by Nazis,
111
–
13
,
124
–
25

fleeing Germany,
140
–
41

“Inventory of Assets of Jews,”
138
,
180

Jew-baiting and pogrom atmosphere,
105
–
6

orders to police, SS, and SA following Grynszpan incident,
167
–
68

reaction to boycott measures,
138
–
39

registration of,
126
–
28

seizure of assets,
160
–
61
,
173
,
179
–
80
,
187
–
99
,
200

seizure of firearms,
64
–
65
,
72
,
73
,
74
,
141

violence against,
100

World War I service,
132
–
33
,
133
n
,
154
,
184
,
193
–
95

yellow Star of David requirement,
209
–
10

“Jews Forbidden to Possess Weapons” (Himmler),
174
–
75
, insert–
7

Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership,
xvii

Judaism, Christianity equated to,
26

Jüterbog-Luckenwalde, Germany,
74

K

Kahn, Paul,
181

Keitel, Wilhelm,
129
,
184

Keru, Armin,
189

Kippenberger, Hans,
8
–
9

Klemperer, Victor

on Anschluss of Austria,
131

on Davos shooting,
117
–
18

on fear of Hitler,
68

on fencer's foils found to be sports equipment,
206
–
7

on hatred for Hitler regime,
100
,
106

on Hitler's response to assassination attempt,
205

on Hitler Youth,
118

on “Inventory of Assets of Jews,”
138
,
180

on Jew-baiting and pogrom atmosphere,
105

on Jews wearing yellow Star of David requirement,
209
–
10

on National Socialism and Communism,
93

on Reichskristallnacht search of his home,
195

on resistance,
209
,
210

Köln Stapo,
105

Königsberg memorandum,
71
–
73

Kuenzer, Hermann,
18
–
20

Kunze, Fritz,
12
,
21
,
137

L

labor unions,
55
–
56
,
64

Landsberg (Warthe),
75
–
76

Langhoff, Wolfgang,
97
–
99

Law Against Unauthorized Use of Weapons (Gesetz gegen Waffenmißbrauch),
25
–
29
,
33
,
34

Law for Protection of the Republic (1930),
21

banning RFB,
21

Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor (1935),
106

Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich (1934),
99
–
100

Law on Firearms and Ammunition of 1928 (Gesetz über Schußwaffen und Munition)

amendments to,
32
–
35

effect of,
23

enactment,
18

Free State Baden on,
38
–
39

Kuenzer's explanation of adoption procedure,
18
–
20

Nazis' amendment plans,
85
–
89
,
90
–
92
,
124
–
26
,
127
,
128
–
31

Nazis' use of,
82
–
83
,
103
–
5
,
157
,
217
–
18

passage of,
15
–
16

prosecution of paperwork violations,
41

provisions,
16
–
18
,
20
–
21

Law on the Disarmament of the People (1920),
7
,
15

Law to Remove the Distress of the People and the State (March 24, 1933) “Enabling Law,”
60
,
130
, insert–
1

legislature (Reichstag),
19
–
20
,
51
,
60
,
130
–
31

license for manufacturing, repairing, or selling firearms

defining firearm,
107

Hitler–Frick Weapons Law on,
131
,
135

Nazi motivation for,
109

and weapons laws,
16
–
17
,
20
,
39
–
40
,
84

license to carry a weapon (Waffenschein)

Frick on,
84

Hitler–Frick Weapons Law on,
132
,
135

and Nazi amendments to Firearms Law,
107
–
9

obtaining a license,
26

overview,
11
,
17
–
18

proof of need and reliability,
33
–
35

license to obtain a weapon or ammunition (Waffen-oder Munitions-erwerbsschein)

Aryan's required to obtain,
207
–
8

Hitler–Frick Weapons Law on,
132
,
135

Jews' exclusion by Nazis,
111
–
13
,
124
–
25

liberalization of Firearms Law,
84
–
85

Nazi plans to alter firearm laws,
85
–
89

and Nazis' Firearms Law amendment,
124

overview,
16
–
17

proof of need and reliability,
33
–
35

Lichtenburg Castle Concentration Camp,
98
–
99

Liebknecht, Karl,
4

Luckau, Germany,
76

Ludwig, Emil,
117

Luxemburg, Rosa,
4

M

Maltzan, Countess Maria von “Marushka,”
211

Mannheim, Germany,
188

Mann, Rudolf,
5

“Maximum Sentence for Punishment of Jews” (Block),
153
,
182
–
83

“Measures Against Weapons Misuse” (Brüning), insert–
1

Mecklenburg-Strelitzsches,
89

Mein Kampf
(Hitler),
10
–
11

“Memorandum on the Subversive Activity of the Communists in the Winter of 1932/1933” (Political Police Commander of the Bavarian Interior Ministry),
102

“Mordjude”
(Der Strümer)
,
181

Müller, Heinrich,
167

Munich, Germany,
192

“Murdering Jew”
(Der Strümer)
,
181

Mussolini, Benito,
8

N

National Association of German Jews (Verband nationaldeutscher Juden),
105
–
6

National Associations.
See
SS; Stahlhelm; Storm Troopers

National Representative Organization of Jews in Germany (Reichsvertretung der Juden in Deutschland),
210
–
11

National Socialism

disarming opponents of,
62
–
63
,
127

formal laws for common man but not Gestapo,
123
,
218

and revision of Firearms Law,
91
–
93

Schleicher's tactics against,
44

Volksgemeinschaftsgedanken as aspect of,
121

See also
Nazism

National Socialist German Workers Party.
See
Nazi Party (NSDAP)

National Socialist Reich Association for Physical Exercise (Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen, or NSRL),
204
–
5

National Socialist Youth Hostel, Grossmoellen,
118

Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei.
See
Nazi Party (NSDAP)

Nauen, Germany,
166
–
67

Naumann, Max,
105

Nazi Party (NSDAP)

ban on firearm ownership by Reichswehr,
10

and Boxheim plans,
29
–
30

census data,
67
–
68

consolidation of power,
xix
–
xx
,
53

emergence of,
7
–
8
,
49

foreign offices,
115

plan to seize arms of Reichswehr,
40
–
41

Switzerland's ban of,
116

and violence by Communists,
7
–
8

Nazi Party's National Day,
106

“Nazis Hunt Arms in Einstein Home”
(New York Times)
,
58
–
59

Nazism

development of,
xx

establishing,
92

Gleichschaltung,
79
–
81
,
93
,
119
–
22
,
204

gun control policies,
xv
–
xvii
,
xvii
n
,
xix
–
xxii
(
See also
Hitler–Frick Weapons Law)

information organizing via IBM punch cards,
67
–
68
,
107
,
138

protective custody/preventive detention procedure,
52
,
104
,
113
,
149
,
192

repression of Communists,
22
,
49
,
51
–
52
,
53
–
57
,
67

repression of political opponents, Jews, and other “enemies of the state,”
xv
,
xx
,
49
,
53
–
57
,
58
–
67

and shooting clubs,
204
–
5

Special Deployment Forces for killing Jews,
212
–
13

takeover of Simson & Co., Thuringia,
109
–
10

use of Weimar Firearms Laws,
82
–
83
,
103
–
5
,
157
,
217
–
18

See also
National Socialism

Neue Zürcher Zeitung
(newspaper),
171
,
180

Neuigkeitsweltblatt
(periodical),
173

New York Times

on anti-Semitism in Austria,
173

on Christmas political truce,
32

on German civilians as home guard,
214
–
15

on Nazi occupation of France,
207

on Nazi raid on Jewish quarter in Berlin,
64

on Nazi reprisal for Grynszpan's attack in Paris,
164
–
65

“Nazis Hunt Arms in Einstein Home,”
58
–
59

on Reichskristallnacht,
172

Niemöller, Martin,
126
–
28

Night of the Broken Glass.
See
Reichskristallnacht

Night of the Long Knives (Nacht der langen Messer),
xxi
,
100

Northeim, Germany,
59
–
60

Noske, Gustav,
4

November Revolution (1918),
3

NSDAP.
See
Nazi Party

Nürnberg Laws (1935),
106
,
183

Nussbaum, Christian Daniel,
57
–
58

O

Ober-Ramstadt, Hesse, Germany,
196

Obst, Dieter,
192

Oenning, Mechthild,
191

Oppeln, Germany,
39
,
92
–
93

Oppenheimer, Alice,
189

Oppermanns, The
(Feuchtwanger),
59

orphanages, Gestapo search for weapons in,
187

P

Papen, Franz von,
215

paramilitary groups

ban on uniforms,
32

Iron Front,
22

overview,
6
–
8
,
11

Red Front Combat League,
11
,
21

Reichsbanner,
11
,
12
,
22
,
40
,
55
–
57
,
60
–
61

Verbände,
10

See also
Storm Troopers

Paucker, Arnold,
211
–
12

“Permission to Possess Arms Withdrawn from Breslau Jews” report,
66

permit for firearms.
See entries beginning with
“license”

personal reliability, defining for Nazi Weapons Law,
130