Gun Baby Gun: A Bloody Journey Into the World of the Gun (55 page)

71
.

http://www.oktport.com.ua/index.php?view=image&format=raw&type=img &id=13&option=com_joomgallery&Itemid=5

72
.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/ukrainian-port-eyed-as-analysts-seek-syrias-arms-source/2013/09/07/f61b0082-1710-11e3-a2ec-b47e45e6f8ef_story.html

73
.

http://www.businessinsider.com/putin-ukraine-and-syria-2014-3

74
.

http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/apr/7/hannaford-the-case-of-the-misreported-ship/#ixzz3Di677xCK

75
.

Their fleet includes LS
Aizenshtat
,
Ocean Fortune
,
Ocean Winner
,
Ocean Force
,
Ocean Energy
and
Ocean Power
.

76
.

http://ylpr.yale.edu/inter_alia/collection-gap-explained-white-collar-practitioners-view

77
.

http://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/1164991/originalc4ads complaint.txt

1
.

http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=cc2_1384056914
;
http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_2014_106.pdf
; intriguingly, despite official statements stating that there were arms on board, the Security Council Report concluded that ‘no arms were onboard’, despite reports and photographs such as this:
http://www.news.com.au/world/cargo-ship-nour-m-stopped-and-20000-kalashnikov-assault-rifles-found/story-fndir2ev-1226756397670
and here
http://www.jacarandafm.com/post/greek-coastguard-halts-ship-carrying-20000-kalashnikovs/

2
.

http://www.keeptalkinggreece.com/2013/11/09/greek-coastguard-intercepts-sierra-leone-flagged-vessel-with-20000-kalansikov-rifles

3
.

The Greek Coastguard issued a statement saying: ‘The exact destination of the arms and ammunition has yet to be verified.’ The captain and seven of his crew, two other Turks and five Indians, were arrested. It should be noted, though, that the information systems from which the Greek media get their data do also warn that their data is not official and cannot be used for commercial or navigation purposes. It would, therefore, be presumptuous to come to hard conclusions without an official report.

4
.

http://www.vesselfinder.com/news/1700-VIDEO-Cargo-ship-Nour-M-sinks-in-Rhodes-due-to-bad-weather

5
.

Intriguingly, perhaps, there was some suggestion on chat boards that the Greek authorities considered giving the seized rifles to the Greek National Guard (see here:
http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?232274-Greece-stops-ship-carrying-20-000-Kalashnikov-guns
). If this is the case, then the Security Council were misled when they were told that there were no rifles (see above). Perhaps, given Greece’s financial crisis, the government saw this as an easy way to arm themselves. Or perhaps there were no weapons to begin with, and the authorities, the media or both misspoke.

6
.

http://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2010/10/26/01003-20101026AR TFIG00809-odessa-fait-de-la-resistance.php

7
.

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/17/magazine/arms-and-the-man. html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

8
.

http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/cp/ukraine

9
.

Andrew Feinstein,
The Shadow World: Inside the Global Arms Trade
(London: Penguin, 2012), p. 118.

10
.

So renowned did Ukraine’s merchants of death become that Nicolas Cage’s character in the film
Lord of War
was made into a Ukrainian-American arms dealer, even though the character was based on the arms dealer Victor Bout, who was Russian.

11
.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/nov/02/viktor-bout-arms-trade
;
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/jul/09/armstrade.iantraynor

12
.

http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2003/02/3/4371494/
;
http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/sierraleone/minin.html

13
.

In 1992, when arms dealer Monzer al-Kassar wanted to ship arms into Croatia, he presented a Polish supplier with a certificate that was supposed to have been issued by the People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen, even though that country had not existed for two years:
http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/02/08/the-trafficker

14
.

http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2006/dc3029.doc.htm

15
.

http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21604234-fight-against-corruption-steep-uphill-battle-ostrich-zoo-and-vintage-cars

16
.

Aaron Karp, 2007. ‘Completing the Count: Civilian Firearms – Annexe Online’,
Small Arms Survey 2007: Guns and the City
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007),
Chapter 2
(Annexe 4), p. 67. Between 2004 and 2011, the United Nations Monitoring Group reported almost 50,000 instances involving the transfer of small arms and light weapons in Somalia.

17
.

http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2007/en/full/Small-Arms-Survey-2007-Chapter-08-EN.pdf

18
.

http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2013/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2013-Chapter-11-EN.pdf

19
.

Ibid.

20
.

Ibid.

21
.

C. J. Chivers,
The Gun
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2010), p. 381.

22
.

Though, reportedly, thirteen people still had to have amputations following the punishment: L. E. Graham and R. C. Parke, ‘The Northern Ireland Troubles and Limb Loss: A Retrospective Study’,
Prosthetics and Orthotics International
28, 3, 2004, pp. 225–9.

23
.

Loose Minute to PS. US of S Northern Ireland, Losses of UDR Weapons – Comparison of Losses of Weapons Between Battalions of UDR and Incidents of Suspected Collusion, 1 August 1972.

24
.

http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/oct/15/uk-arms-northern-ireland-loyalist-massacre
. The
Guardian
reported that ‘there are serious concerns about the way the Loughinisland killings were investigated, with a subsequent inquiry by the police ombudsman establishing that police failed to take some suspects’ fingerprints or DNA samples. Police have admitted that one key piece of evidence – the getaway car – was destroyed. There is no evidence that any officer sought or gave permission for this to be done.’

25
.

Ibid.

26
.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/catholic-shot-dead-in-ambush-attack-on-workmen-in-minibus-seen-as-loyalist-warning-to-workers-at-shorts-aero-space-factory-1510516.html
.
http://republican-news.org/current/news/2011/07/new_revelation_points_to_lough.html

27
.

http://www.belfastdaily.co.uk/2012/10/16/loughinisland-pub-massacre-secret-gun-shipment-funded-by-british-army/

28
.

http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/oct/15/northern-ireland-loyalist-shootings-loughinisland

29
.

Sean Boyne,
Gunrunners: The Covert Arms Trail to Ireland
(Dublin: O’Brien, 2006), p. 368.

30
.

Thomas McErlean, John Murray and IRA volunteer Caoimhín Mac Brádaigh.

31
.

http://republican-news.org/archive/2003/March20/20mont.html

32
.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10249892/Jailed-Boston-mobsters-gang-smuggled-weapons-to-the-IRA-in-coffins.html

33
.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/26/world/middleeast/in-shift-saudis-are-said-to-arm-rebels-in-syria.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimes&_r=1&

34
.

The allegations were made by José ‘Pepe’ Grinda Gonzalez, Spain’s national court prosecutor. Gonzalez was responsible for the investigation into Zakhar Kalashov, reportedly the most senior mafia figure to be jailed outside Russia.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/247712?guni=Article:inpercent20bodypercent20link

35
.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/27/us-usa-syria-rebels-idUSBREA0Q1S320140127

36
.

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1262079

37
.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/afghanistan/11004928/Afghanistan-has-cost-more-to-rebuild-than-Europe-after-Second-World-War.html

38
.

http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/americas/united-states/140509/the-us-military-describes-its-mistakes-afghanistan

39
.

http://rt.com/news/176004-afghanistan-missing-weapons-sigar/

40
.

http://www.sigar.mil/pdf/Audits/SIGAR-14-84-AR.pdf

41
.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/afghanistan/5355937/Taliban-using-ammunition-from-Afghan-army.html

42
.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/05/AR2007080501299.html
;
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d07711.pdf
. The Department of Defense and the MNF-I (Multinational Force-Iraq) could not fully account for Iraq security forces’ receipt of US-provided equipment. This was put down to not having a centralised record of all equipment, insufficient number of staff, not collecting documents that confirmed when the equipment was received and the sheer quantities of equipment delivered.

43
.

http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2007/en/full/Small-Arms-Survey-2007-Chapter-03-EN.pdf

44
.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2749197/ISIS-arming-US-military-hardware-wage-jihad-Middle-East-seizing-weapons-Syrian-rebels-Iraqi-soldiers.html

45
.

http://conflictarm.com/images/dispatch_iraq_syria.pdf

46
.

http://justiceinmexico.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/130206-dvm-2013-final.pdf

47
.

http://www.nbcnews.com/id/46425305/ns/world_news-americas/t/mexico-president-felipe-calderons-message-us-no-more-weapons/#.VB15cUvobx4

48
.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-20825061

49
.

In 2010–12 the various estimated figures of smuggled guns ranged between 106,700 and 426,729. This constitutes a 187 per cent increase from the numbers trafficked between 1997 and 1999:
http://catcher.sandiego.edu/items/peacestudies/way_of_the_gun.pdf
; see also
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-20825061

50
.

http://ncronline.org/news/global/us-gun-policy-no-longer-domestic-weapons-are-smuggled-mexico

51
.

Data from the University of San Diego Trans-Border Institute. Its figures range between 39.4 and 52.7 per cent:
http://catcher.sandiego.edu/items/peacestudies/way_of_the_gun.pdf

52
.

Data from the University of San Diego Trans-Border Institute. The US Justice Department’s Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives reported in 2012 that of the more than 99,000 guns that Mexican authorities seized and submitted to the ATF for tracing between 2007 and 2011, 68,000 came from the US. There has, though, been some debate over these figures. On the one hand, the US Government Accountability Office estimated 90 per cent or more guns used in Mexico were from the US. On the other hand some say only 17 per cent of weapons found at Mexican crime scenes originate from the US – that, of 29,000 firearms recovered at crime scenes in Mexico, 23,886 could not be traced to the US. This second argument is misleading. Many of the 29,000 firearms were not even sent for tracing, and so we have no idea if they were, or were not, from the US. Also, obliterated serial numbers, incomplete sales record-keeping and private purchases make it hard to find the origin of a gun. To this end, the ATF figures seem logical and acceptable. See also:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-20825061

53
.

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/Latin-America-Monitor/2011/0708/Mexican-cartel-leader-claims-gang-buys-all-its-guns-in-US

54
.

http://ncronline.org/news/global/us-gun-policy-no-longer-domestic-weapons-are-smuggled-mexico

55
.

http://www.un.org/events/smallarms2006/pdf/factsheet_1.pdf

56
.

http://iis-db.stanford.edu/evnts/6716/Oeindrila_Dube,_Cross_Border_Spillover.pdf

57
.

In the four years following the lapse of America’s assault weapons ban in 2004, 60,000 illegal firearms seized in Mexico were traced back to the US.