God's Gold (36 page)

Holliday, P. J.
The Origins of Roman Historical Commemoration in the Visual Arts.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Humphrey, J. H.
Roman Circuses: Arenas for Chariot Races.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.

Kleiner, F. S. “The Arches of Vespasian in Rome,”
Mitteilingen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Romische Abteilung 97
(1990): 127–136.

———. “The Study of Roman Triumphal and Honorary Arches 50 Years After Kaehler,”
Journal of Roman Archaeology
2 (1989): 195–206.

Leon, H. J.
The Jews of Ancient Rome.
Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 1995.

Olsson, B., D. Mitternacht, and O. Brandt, eds.,
The Synagogue of Ancient Ostia and the Jews of Rome: Interdisciplinary Studies.
Stockholm: Paul Åströms Förlag, 2001.

Pfanner, M.
Der Titusbogen.
Mainz: P. von Zabern, 1983.

Richardson, L., Jr.
A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

Versnel, H. S. Triumphus:
An Inquiry into the Origin, Development, and Meaning of the Roman Triumph.
Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1970.

VANDAL CARTHAGE ——————————————

Cameron, A., B. Ward-Perkins, and M. Whitby.
The Cambridge Ancient History XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, AD 425–600.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Clover, F. M. “Carthage and the Vandals,” in J. H. Humphrey, ed.,
Excavations at Carthage 1978 Conducted by the University of Michigan, Volume VII.
Tunis: Cérès Productions, 1982.

———.
The Late Roman West and the Vandals.
Aldershot, Hampshire, UK: Variorum, 1993.

Ellis, S. “Dining: Architecture, Furnishings and Behaviour,” in R. Laurence and A. Wallace-Hadrill, eds.,
Domestic Space in the Roman World: Pompeii and Beyond.
Portsmouth, R. I.: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplement 22, 1997.

Ennabli, A.
Pour Sauver Carthage: Exploration et Conservation de la Cité Punique, Romaine et Byzantine.
Tunis: Ministère et Institut, 1971.

Ennabli, L.
Carthage: Une Métropole Chrétienne du IVe à la Fin du VIIe Siècle.
Paris: CNRS, 1997.

Humphrey, J. “Vandal and Byzantine Carthage: Some New Archaeological Evidence,” in J. G. Pedley,
New Light on Ancient Carthage: Papers of a Symposium.
Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1980

Hurst, H. R.
Excavations at Carthage: The British Mission. Volume II, 1: The Circular Harbour, North Side. The Site and Finds Other Than Pottery.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Lancel, S.
Byrsa I: Rapports Préliminaires des Fouilles (1974–1976).
Rome: École Française de Rome, 1979.

———.
Carthage: A History.
Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.

Lézine, A.
Carthage: Utique: Études d'Architecture et d'Urbanisme.
Paris: CNRS, 1968.

Mattingley, D. J. “Oil for Export? A Comparison of Libyan, Spanish, and Tunisian Olive Oil Production in the Roman Empire,”
Journal of Roman Archaeology
1 (1988): 33–56.

Merrills, A. H., ed.
Vandals, Romans and Berbers: New Perspectives on Late Antique North Africa.
Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.

Sintes, C., and Y. Rebahi.
Algérie Antique.
Marseille: Musée d'Arles et de la Provence Antique, 2003.

Van Mater Dennis, H.
Hippo Regius from the Earliest Times to the Arab Conquest.
Amsterdam: Hakkert, 1970.

CONSTANTINOPLE—NEW ROME ———————————

Allen, P. “The ‘Justinianic' Plague,”
Byzantion
49 (1979): 5–20.

Bassett, S.
The Urban Image of Late Antique Constantinople.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Cameron, A.
Procopius and the Sixth Century.
London: Routledge, 1985.

Harrison, M.
A Temple for Byzantium: The Discovery and Excavation of Anicia Juliana's Palace Church in Istanbul.
London: Harvey Miller, 1989.

Jobst, W., B. Erdal, and C. Gurtner.
Istanbul: The Great Palace Mosaic; The Story of Its Exploration, Preservation and Exhibition, 1983–1997.
Istanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayinlan, 1997.

Maas, M., ed.
The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian.
Cambridge: 2005.

———.
Readings in Late Antiquity: A Sourcebook.
London: 2000.

Maclagan, M.
The City of Constantinople.
London: 1968.

Mango, C. “The Triumphal Way of Constantinople and the Golden Gate,”
Dumbarton Oaks Papers
54 (2000): 173–188.

Mango, C., ed.
The Oxford History of Byzantium.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Stathakopoulos, D.
Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire: A Systematic Survey of Subsistence Crises and Epidemics.
Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.

THE HOLY LAND —————————————————

Gibson, S., and J. E. Taylor.
Beneath the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem: The Archaeology and Early History of Traditional Golgotha.
London: Palestine Exploration Fund, 1994.

Hirschfeld, Y.
The Judean Desert Monasteries in the Byzantine Period.
New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1992.

Isaac, B.
The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity.
Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 2004.

Kaegi, W. E.
Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Ovadiah, A. “Early Churches,” in E. Stern, ed.,
The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Volume 2.
Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society and Carta, 1993.

Patrich, J. “Monasteries,” in E. Stern, ed.,
The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Volume 3.
Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society and Carta, 1993.

Schick, R.
The Christian Communities of Palestine from Byzantine to Islamic Rule.
Princeton, N. J.: Darwin Press, 1995.

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Aaron, Israelite priest

Aaron of Levi

Abraham

Absalom

Achor, Vale of

Acra fortress

Adler, Marcus N.

Agrippa, Marcus

Alaric, Visigoth

Alexander, Governor of Judaea

Alexander the Great

Alexander III, Pope

Alexandria

Alföldy, Géza

Algeria: Hippo Regius

Allegro, John Marco: Copper Scroll as taxation

The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Reappraisal

opens Copper Scroll in Manchester

search for treasure

Treasure of the

Copper Scroll

Almonds

Almsgiver, John the

Amar, Shlomo

Ananias, High Priest

Anastasius I, Emperor

anti-Semitism, in ancient Rome

Antigonos, the Hasmonean

Antioch: Council of Elders

Publius Petronius, governor of Syria

theater of Daphne

Antiochus IV Epiphanes, King: quarrels with

Ptolemy VI ransacks Jerusalem

Antipater of Idumaea

antiquities: fakes

Antonia fortress, Jerusalem

Antonius, Felix

Apollonia (Arsuf): captured by King Chosroes

Patriarch Modestus poisoned

Apries, Pharaoh

al-Aqsa mosque

Arafat, Yasser

Aramaic

Arcadius

Arch of Titus, x; base

eagles menorah monument in Rome, ix, xi

Table of the Divine

Presence Tower of the Seven Lamps trumpets

Arianism

Ariel, Rabbi Yisrael

Aristeas

Arius, deacon

Ark of the Covenant: cherubim destroyed by

Nebuchadnezzar history, x looted by Parker Expedition in St.

John the Lateran

Asclepius

Ataulphus, King

Atlantis, x

Atum-Ra

Augustine, Saint

Augustus, Emperor: altar of Peace

completes Rome's Senate House

donations to Herod's Temple

establishes province of Judaea

Forum of games in Circus Flaminius

library at Carthage names Theater of

Marcellus port of Caesarea

refurbishes Porticus of Octavia statue in

Constantinople statues in Rome

Avigad, Nachman

Azmey Bey, Ottoman governor

 

Babylon

Baghdad

Baiae

balsam

Bar-Kokhba, Simon

BBC

Bedouin

Beirut

Bekri, El

Belisarius, General: captures Carthage

captures the Vandal palace

fame imprisoned by Justinian

prepares to invade North Africa

recovers Temple treasure at Hippo

Regius respect for enemy

Benjamin, Israel Joseph (Benjamin II)

Benvenisti, Meron

Berlusconi, Prime Minister

Bernini, Gian Lorenzo

Bethlehem

Beth Shearim: ancient Jewish town

Aramaic inscription Besara

catacombs eagles

Gamaliel, Rabbi glassworks

Judah Ha-Nassi, Rabbi Lion of

Judah menorah Nike

sarcophagi Sanhedrin synagogue

Black Eyed Peas

Blühmel, Friedrich

Boaz

Boniface

Book of Nahum

Boqeq, En

Borsippa

British Mandate

Brown, Dan

Bush, George

Butrint

Byblos

Byzantium: letters origins recycling

 

Caesar, Julius: builds the Senate House

expands the Circus Maximus

Forum of Magna Carta of the

Jews statue of statue of, in

Constantinople

Caesarea: aqueducts Byzantine

Esplanade city, xii Eusebius

harbor of Sebastos

Herod's lighthouse Roman

warehouses royal palace

Temple of Augustus

Cage, Nicolas, x

Cairo Museum, xi

Calacte, Caecilius of

Caligula, Emperor Gaius

candelabrum
see
menorah

Capernaum

carabinieri

Carmel

Carthage: Antonine Baths Byrsa

Hill Byzantine esplanade

Cathedral of St. Louis

Circular (Military) Harbor

La Malga water cisterns

Misuas shipyards Mandracium

nineteenth-century spoliation

Odeon Ottoman customs

prison (Ancon) relocation of

Temple treasure Roman theater

Vandal palace

Castor and Pollux statuary

Çelebi, Hizir Bey

Cestius Gallus

Chagall, Marc

Chaldeans

Chigi, Pope Alexander VII

Choniates, Niketas: statue of Helen of Troy in

Constantinople

Chrestus

Chosroes I, King

Christ, True Cross of

Church of Scientology

Cicero: domination of Israel

political power of Rome's Jews

Cinq Années en Orient

Circus Maximus: Arch of Titus

chariot races

Consualia festival

expanded under Julius Caesar

founded by King Tarquin

model for Constantinople's hippodrome

spina triumphs

Claudius, Emperor

Clement of Alexandria

Cleopatra of Egypt

Colosseum, Rome: Amphitheatrum

Flavium architrave based on

Theatre of Marcellus cost of

building
manubiae
(spoils)

masonry used for Basilica of St. Peter

phantom inscription

Commodus, Emperor

Constans I, Emperor

Constantine I, Emperor: builds Church of the Holy Sepulchre

founds Constantinople history of Rome

Constantinople: Baths of Zeuxippos

capital of Byzantine Empire

Chalke (Bronze Gate) Church of

St. Irene Church of St. Polyeuktos

Church of St. Sophia

Convent of

Repentance Forum of

Golden Gate Justinian's Palace the

Mese Milion Nika Revolt

Ottoman palace of Justinian

Senate House Serpent Column

silk production Theodosius's

Column

Constantius II, Emperor

Copper Scroll, x

Corbu, Noel

Corneille, Pierre

corona Etrusca

Crassus, Governor of Judaea

Cross, Professor Frank

Crusaders

Ctesiphon

Cyril of Jerusalem: on True Cross of Christ

Cyrila, Bishop

Cyrus of Persia, King

 

Da Vinci Code

Damascus

Daniel and the Lion's Den

Dark Ages

David, City of

David, King

Dayan, Moshe

Dead Sea: economic base

scrolls, geography

Delphi

Dilmun

Dio, Cassius: burning of Temple of Peace

Diocles, Gaius Appuleius

Diocletian, Emperor

Diodorus Siculus

Dome of the Rock, x

Domitian, Roman emperor

Dor: archaeology

architecture port city shipwrecks

Dracontius

Dragobert II, King, 75dromones

Drusilla, Princess

Dura Europos

 

Ecole Biblique et Archéologique de Saint-

Etienne

Edom

Egypt: Alexandria

Aswan balsam

Exodus Lake Mareotis

mines obelisks Sais

Temple of Amon

Ein Gedi: Essenes

Galen synagogue

Eisenberg, Jerome

Eleazor, Priest

Elijah

Elizabeth I, Queen

Ephesus, John of: Justinianic plague

Essenes: bank Bannus Ein Gedi

monastic settlement personal

possessions renounced ritual purity

Ethiopia

Euagees

Eudocia, Empress

Eudoxia, Empress

Eugenius, Bishop

Euphrates, River

Eusebius Pamphilius, Bishop of Caesarea

Exodus: God's protection of Israelites on

manufacture of the menorah Table of

the Divine Presence

Exodus, from Egypt

Expositio Totius Mundi et Gentium

Ezekiel: face of God

 

Fabricius, Lucius

fasces

Felix, Pope

Festus

Field of Mars

Fifth Legion

Fine, Steven

Firatli, Nezih

Fiscus judaicus

Flaccus, Lucius Valerius

Flavian Dynasty: economics

T. Flavius Petro

T. Flavius Sabinus propaganda

Flavius Josephus: Agrippa freed by Caligula

Antiochus IV ransacks Jerusalem

background, xi; Caligula demands

pagan worship in Jerusalem causes of

First Jewish Revolt

construction of Temple of Peace

death of Simon

Ben Giora in Rome

Gate of the

Pomp Gessius Florus seizes Jerusalem's

sacred money golden eagle

hyperbole Jesus son of

Gamala denounces Jewish revolutionaries

Judas Maccabeus restores the Second

Temple Mary of Bethezuba roasts

child menorah outer surface of

Temple Pompey violates the Temple

Pontius Pilate prayer book burned at

Beth-Horen as Roman informer

Sabinus seizes Temple treasury Simon

Ben Giora held at Caesarea Table of the

Divine Presence Titus refuses to burn

the Temple on Triumph of Vespasian

and Titus Vespasian

and Titus serve dinner at triumphal dinner

Foster, Norman

Frangipani

Frazer, Sir James

 

Gaiseric, King: atrocities against Catholic

Church captures Eudoxia

invades Rome

Galati, statues

Galba, Servius Sulpicius

Galilee, xi

Gamala, Jesus son of

Gamaliel, Rabbi

Ganges

Ganymede of Leochares

Garden of Eden

Garmu, House of

Gaster, T. H.

Gaza

Gela

Gelimer, King: character flees into

Numidia palace of Carthage

paraded in Triumph of Constantinople

surrenders from Mt. Papua

geniza

Germanicus, Aulus Vitellius

Gessius Florus, Procurator of Judaea

Gilgamesh, King of Uruk

Giora, Simon Ben: capture death in Rome

faction of paraded in Rome

seizes imperial baggage

sent severed hands

Gischala, John of: capture loots the Temple

sent severed hands

Golan Heights

Golden Bough

Golgotha

Goths, xii

Gounod, Charles

Granicus, Battle of

Greek fire

Gregory the Great, Pope

Gulf War

Gunthamund, King

Gush Katif

 

Haaretz

Hadrian

Hadrumetum

Haifa

Halicarnassus, Dionysius of

Hamas

Hannibal

Hanukkah, Festival of Lights

Haram

Haram al-Sharif

Harding, Lankester

Hareuveni, David

Harrison, Martin

Hasmonean dynasty

Hawara

Helena

Helen of Troy

Helena, Queen

Helios

Heraclius, Emperor

Hercules

Herod Agrippa

Herod, King: builds the Temple of Jerusalem

client king of Rome

date plantations

golden eagle on Temple

harbor of Caesarea

Herodium

Herodotus, xiii

Herzog, Isaac

Hesse-Wartegg, Ernest

Hilderic, King

Hilkiah

Hippicus

Hippodrome, of Constantinople: chariot rivalry

founded by Severus

kathisma
(royal box)

Serpent Column

sphendone

spina

statue collection

Theodosius's Column

topography

Hiram of Tyre, king

Hirschfeld, Yizhar

Hispania Tarraconensis

Hispanus, Gnaeus Cornelius

Hitler, Adolf, ix

Hoamer

Hodges, Richard

Holme-next-the-sea

Holy Grail, x

Holy Land

Holy Sepulchre, Church of: Anastasis

Chamber of Relics

dedicated under

Constantine restored after Persian

Invasion Temple treasure

Humbert, Jean-Baptiste

Huneric, King: atrocities against the Church

toleration of Catholicism

Honorius

Hunzinger, Hunno

Hussein of Jordan, King

Hussein, Saddam

 

idolatry: in Deuteronomy

Intifada

Isaac

Isis

Israel: accusations against the Vatican

Antiquities Authority (IAA)

Department of Culture Embassy

London Ministry of Education

Israelites

Istanbul: Blue Mosque

Bosphorus development of the dome

Galatasaray Golden Horn

Saraçhane Sea of Marmara

Sehzade Camii (Mosque of the Prince) Town Hall university

Itinerary of Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela

 

Jachin

Jehoash, King

Jeremiah

Jericho

Jerusalem: Acra Benjamin Mazar

excavations captured by Antiochus IV

Epiphanes Church of Eleona

Church of Gethsemane Church of

Holy Zion

Church of the Ascension

Church of St. John the Baptist

City of David

Convent of St.

Melania David's Citadel

destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar

destroyed by Rome

El Azariah end-times

Hezekiah's Tunnel

Hill of Ophel golden eagle

Jewish Quarter

Kidron Valley

mikvaot,
Mount of Olives

Nachman Avigad excavations

Robinson's Arch Solomon's city

restored by Judas Maccabeus

restored by King Cyrus

siege of Titus

Temple Mount and Land of Israel Faithful