Gita Press and the Making of Hindu India (69 page)

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  1. Ibid., p. 31.
  2. Poddar to Sahay, 23 May 1932. Shivpujan Sahay Papers, NMML.
  3. Poddar to Sahay, 6 September 1931. Shivpujan Sahay Papers, NMML.
  4. Poddar to Pravasi Lal Varma, date not clear. Shivpujan Sahay Papers, NMML.
  5. Lutgendorf, 1991, pp. 59–60.
  6. Orsini, 2002, pp. 415–16.
  7. Singh, 1980, pp. 35, 37, 50, 275.
  8. Mangal Murthy (ed.),
    Shivpujan Sahay Sahitya Samagra,
    Vol. II, Anamika Prakashan, New Delhi, 2012, pp. 397–98.
  9. See Singh, 1980, pp. 471–74.
  10. Garde to Poddar, 12 July 1957. Poddar Papers.
  11. Garde to Gosvami, 2 December 1957. Poddar Papers.
  12. Harivansh Rai Bachchan, ‘
    Geet
    ’,
    Kalyan
    , June 1960, p. 1008.
  13. Harivansh Rai Bachchan,
    In the Afternoon of Time: An Autobiography
    , edited and translated from Hindi by Rupert Snell, Viking, New Delhi, 1998, pp. 402–03.
  14. Radheshyam Banka,
    Parikar Malika
    , Vol. IV, Hanuman Prasad Poddar Smarak Samiti, Gorakhpur, 2013, pp. 274–75.
  15. Biographical details from Shishir (ed.), 2012, Vol. I, pp. 329, 331; Orsini, 2002, pp. 400–01.
  16. Tripathi to Poddar, 7 July 1952. Poddar Papers.
  17. Orsini, 2002, pp. 404–05.
  18. Jainendra Kumar to Poddar, 6 December 1958. Poddar Papers.
  19. Biographical details of writers from Shishir (ed.), 2012, Vol. I; Orsini, 2002, pp. 384–452; Murthy (ed.), 2012, p. 398.
  20. Syed to Poddar, 11 November 1934. Poddar Papers.
  21. Syed to Poddar, 27 November 1936. Poddar Papers.
  22. Syed to Poddar, 15 December 1936. Poddar Papers.
  23. Syed to Poddar, 25 November 1938. Poddar Papers.
  24. Syed to Poddar, 11 January 1943. Poddar Papers.
  25. Syed to Poddar, 12 June 1944. Poddar Papers.
  26. Singh, 1980, p. 273.
  27. Syed to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 17 June 1958. Poddar Papers.
  28. Kasim Ali to Poddar, 10 October 1952. Poddar Papers.
  29. Kasim Ali to Poddar, 11 November 1952. Poddar Papers.
  30. Hussain to Poddar, 19 February 1932. Poddar Papers.
  31. Firoze C. Davar,
    Parsis and Racial Suicide
    , Dinar Printing, Bombay, year unknown, pp. 8, 5.
  32. Davar to Poddar, 11 December 1935. Poddar Papers.
  33. Davar to Poddar, 28 November 1936. Poddar Papers.
  34. Davar to Poddar, 18 June 1958. Poddar Papers.
  35. Biographical details from
    http://archives.gcah.org/publicdata/
    gcah2723.htm. Accessed on 5 November 2012.
  36. Biographical details from
    http://christianlarson.wwwhubs.com/
    Accessed on 5 November 2012.
  37. Edwin Greaves,
    Hind
    i Grammar
    , Indian Press, Allahabad, 1921, pp. III, 6.
  38. Greaves to Poddar, February 1935. Poddar Papers.
  39. Johan Van Manen’s prefatory note in Schrader’s
    Introduction to the
    Pancaratr
    a and Ahirbudhaya Samhita
    , Adyar Library, Madras, 1916.
  40. Schrader to Poddar, 14 March 1935. Poddar Papers.
  41. Schrader to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 6 September 1937.
  42. John George Woodroffe,
    Is India Civilised?: Essays on Indian Culture
    , Ganesh & Co. Publishers, 1919, Madras, pp. 1, XII, XVI.
  43. Constance A. Jones and James D. Ryan,
    Encyclopedia of Hinduism
    , Facts on File (an imprint of Infobase Publishing), New York, 2007, p. 502.
  44. Poddar to Woodroffe, 13 January 1934. Poddar Papers.
  45. Ridgway F. Shinn,
    Arthur Berriedale Keith (1879-1944): The Chief
    Ornamen
    t of Scottish Learning,
    Aberdeen University Press, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, 1990.
  46. Keith to editor,
    Kalyana
    -
    Kalpataru
    , 31 October 1936. Poddar Papers.
  47. Strauss to editor,
    Kalyana
    -
    Kalpataru
    , 6 November 1936. Poddar Papers.
  48. Schrader to editor,
    Kalyana
    -
    Kalpataru
    , 8 January 1937. Poddar Papers.
  49. Whitwell to editor,
    Kalyana-Kalpataru
    , 20 August 1958. Poddar Papers.
  50. Fabio Scialpi’s commemorative speech at the seminar on G. Tucci held at the Italian Embassy Cultural Centre, New Delhi, on 19 October 2004, citing R. Gnoli, ‘L’India nell’opera di Giuseppe Tucci,’ in Giuseppe Tucci,
    Nel Cenenario Della Nascita, a Curadi Melasecchi
    , Rome, June 1994.
  51. Moder
    n Review
    , January 1926, pp. 130–31.
  52. Gargano to Gosvami, 12 August 1958. Poddar Papers.
  53. Lessing to editor,
    Kalyan
    , 27 June 1958. Poddar Papers.
  54. Shiv Sharan to Poddar, 8 September 1949. Poddar Papers.
  55. Sasaki to editor,
    Kalyan
    , 1 July 1958. Poddar Papers.
  56. K. De Vreese to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 12 July 1958. Poddar Papers.
  57. Letter to Poddar (sender’s name undeciphered), 3 September 1941. Poddar Papers.
  58. Letters to Poddar (sender’s name undeciphered), 11 and 14 March 1945. Poddar Papers.
  59. V.N. Sharma to Poddar, 25 April 1958; Homer L. Bradshaw to Gita Press, 12 January 1958. Poddar Papers.
  60. Turbiani to Poddar, 24 August 1949. Poddar Papers.
  61. Turbiani to Poddar, 13 November 1957. Poddar Papers.
  62. Turbiani to Poddar, 9 January 1958. Poddar Papers.
  63. Turbiani to Poddar, 31 March 1958. Poddar Papers.
  64. Turbiani to Poddar, 30 June 1958 and 30 November 1958. Poddar Papers.
  65. Turbiani to Poddar, 2 February 1959. Poddar Papers.
  66. Turbiani to Poddar, January 1961. Poddar Papers.
  67. R.S. McGregor (ed.),
    Devotional Literature in South Asia: Current
    Researc
    h (1985-1988)
    , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1992, pp. 49–55.
  68. Miltner to Poddar, 16 March and 8 June 1961. Poddar Papers.
  69. A series of letters by Karl G. Gesh to Poddar between 1956 and 1960. Poddar Papers.
  70. Raymond F. Piper to director, Gita Press, 20 August 1960. Poddar Papers.
  71. B.K. Goyal to Poddar, 5 January 1970. Poddar Papers.
  72. Manager, Gita Press, to B.K. Goyal, 15 January 1970. Poddar Papers.
  73. G.P. Mishra to Poddar, 13 January 1961. Poddar Papers.
  74. R.K. Srivastava to Poddar, 27 January 1961. Poddar Papers.
  75. Ramesh Kumar Prasad to Poddar, 20 May 1960. Poddar Papers.
  76. Letter from Swami Swayamprabhananda to editor,
    Kalyan
    , 28 June 1956. Poddar Papers.

 

4. Foot Soldier of the Sangh Parivar
  1. Romila Thapar, ‘Imagined Religious Communities’ and ‘Syndicated Hinduism’, in
    Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History
    , Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2000, pp. 966, 972, 1046–47.
  2. Sumit Sarkar, ‘Indian Nationalism and the Politics of Hindutva,’ in David Ludden (ed.),
    Making India Hindu
    , Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1996, p. 273.
  3. V.D. Savarkar,
    Hindutva
    :
    Who is a Hindu?
    , Central Hindu Yuvak Sabha, New Delhi, 1938, p. 5.
  4. Antony Copley,
    Hinduism in Public and Private: Reform, Hindutva, Gender and Sampraday
    , Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2003, pp. 6–7, 9.
  5. K.B. Hedgewar, ‘Hindusthan Belongs to Hindus Only’, reproduced in K.M. Talreja (ed.),
    Awake and Arise
    , September–October, 1974. (Hedgewar died in June 1940.)
  6. Christophe Jaffrelot,
    Religion, Caste and Politics in India
    , Primus Books, New Delhi, 2010, p. 31.
  7. Th
    e Communal Problem, Report of the Kanpur Riots Enquiry Committee
    , National Book Trust, 2007, pp. 150–51.

  8. Sampadakiy
    a Tippniyan
    ’ (Editorial Comments),
    Kalyan
    , Vol. 1, No. 1, 1926, pp. 33–34.

  9. Jaydaya
    l Goyandka Ke Patra
    ’ (Letters of Jayadayal Goyandka),
    Kalyan
    , Vol. 2, No. 11, 1927, p. 489.
  10. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Mahamana Malaviyaji Aur Bhagwan Naam
    Mahim
    a
    ’ (Revered Malaviyaji And Benefits of God’s Name),
    Kalyan
    ,
    Bhagwa
    n Naam Mahima Aur Prarthana Ank
    , January 1965, pp. 160– 65.

  11. Puran
    e Sansmaran
    ’ (Reminiscences),
    Kalyan, Bhagwan Naam Mahima
    Au
    r Prarthana Ank,
    January 1965, pp. 158–60.

  12. Safalt
    a Prapti, Durghatna Se Raksha Aadi
    ’ (Secured Success, Escaped Accidents, etc.),
    Kalyan
    ,
    Bhagwan Naam Mahima Aur Prarthana Ank
    , January 1965, p. 616.
  13. Kalya
    n
    , November 1951, p. 1459.
  14. ‘Communal Clash in Gorakhpur: Twenty-Seven Injured’,
    Times of
    Indi
    a
    , Bombay, 23 December 1939.
  15. Poddar to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 14 Margashirsh Shukla, Samvat, 1996 (1939). Poddar Papers.
  16. Poddar to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 26 December 1939. Poddar Papers.
  17. Poddar to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 29 December 1939. Poddar Papers.
  18. Poddar to Shukla, undated but contents suggest it was written between 1 and 3 January 1940. Poddar Papers.
  19. Ibid.
  20. Poddar to Bajrang Lal, 3 January 1940. Poddar Papers.
  21. Poddar to Chimmanlal Gosvami, 4 January 1940. Poddar Papers.
  22. Ramnaresh Tripathi, ‘
    Ur-Prerak
    ’ (Catalyst),
    Kalyan
    , December 1939, pp. 1361–63.
  23. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Vishw
    a Hindu Parishad
    ’,
    Kalyan
    , December 1965, p. 4.
  24. SGPC to Gita Press, 14 March 1934. Poddar Papers.
  25. Office of the Chief Khalsa Diwan to Gita Press, 14 March 1954. Poddar Papers.
  26. SGPC to Gita Press, 3 April 1934. Poddar Papers.
  27. Stanley Wolpert,
    Shameful Flight: The Last Years of The British Empire in
    Indi
    a
    , Oxford University Press, New York, 2006, p. 120.
  28. Sumit Sarkar,
    Modern India
    ,
    1885

    1947
    , Macmillan, New Delhi, 1983, pp. 432–33.
  29. Short Report of Hindu Mahasabha Relief Activities During Calcutta Killings and Noakhali Carnage, published by Bengal Provincial Hindu Mahasabha, 162, Bowbazar Street, Calcutta, 1946, p. 6.
  30. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Vartaman Vikat Paristhiti Aur Hamara Kartavya
    ’ (Present Troubled Times and Our Duty),
    Kalyan
    , November 1946, pp. 1312–18.
  31. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Vartaman Paristhiti Ke Sambandh Mein Vichar
    ’ (Thoughts about the Present Situation),
    Kalyan
    , December 1946, pp. 1377–79.

  32. Chhapn
    e Ka Sabko Adhikar Hai
    ’ (All Have the Right to Publish)
    ,
    Kalya
    n
    ,
    Malaviy
    a Ank
    , 1946, p. 1441.

  33. Ya
    h Ank Kyon Aur Kis Liye
    ’ (Why This Issue of
    Kalyan
    ?),
    Kalyan,
    Malaviy
    a Ank
    , 1946, p. 1440.
  34. ‘Pujyapad Mahamana Sri Malaviyaji Maharaj’ (Devoted Malaviya the Great),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, p. 1387.

  35. Mahaman
    a Malaviyaji Ka Antim Pura Vaktavya
    ’ (Malaviya’s Last Full Statement),
    Kalyan
    ,
    Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1389–91.
  36. H.L. Erdman,
    The Swatantra Party and Indian Conservatism
    , Cambridge University Press, New York, 1967, p. 52.
  37. Swami Karpatri Maharaj, ‘
    Utho-Jago
    ’ (Arise, Awake),
    Kalyan, Malaviya
    An
    k
    , 1946, p. 1393.
  38. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Hinduon Ki Kamjori Ka Karan Aur Uske
    Mitan
    e Ka Upay
    ’ (Causes of Hindu Weakness and Ways to Remove Them),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1400–03.
  39. Ramnarayan S. Rawat,
    Reconsidering Untouchability: Chamars and
    Dali
    t History in North India
    , Permanent Black, Ranikhet, 2012, p. 148.
  40. Bihar governor Dow to Wavell, 9 November 1946, ‘Transfers of Power, IX, The Fixing of a Time Limit’, pp. 38–39, cited in Wolpert, 2006, p. 125.
  41. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Manavta Ka Patan: Bengal Aur Bihar
    ’ (Decline of Humanity: Bengal and Bihar),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1409–18.

  42. D
    r Syama Prasad Mookerjee Ka Vaktavya
    ’ (Statement of Dr Syama Prasad Mookerjee),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, p. 1404.

  43. Khatre Ki Ghanti
    ’ (Danger Bell),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, p. 1418.

  44. Benga
    l Ki Apharan Ki Hui Mahilayen
    ’ (Abducted Women of Bengal),
    Kalyan
    , Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, p. 1420.

  45. Hind
    u Deviyon Ke Patra
    ’ (Letters of Hindu Goddesses),
    Kalyan,
    Malaviy
    a Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1424–27.
  46. Weekly Report on Political Activities, No. 49, for the Week Ending 29 December 1946. CID Archives, Lucknow.
  47. F.R. Stockwell to Rajeshwar Dayal, 20 December 1946. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  48. Order of Rajeshwar Dayal, 21 December 1946. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  49. Rajeshwar Dayal to District Magistrate, Gorakhpur, 2 January 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  50. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  51. F.R. Stockwell to Rajeshwar Dayal, 11 January 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  52. G.C. Drewe to the secretary to the Government of the United Provinces, Home Department, 4 January 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  53. Rajeshwar Dayal’s order dated 15 January 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  54. T.B. Crossley to Rajeshwar Dayal, home secretary, United Provinces, 24 January 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947, UP State Archives, Lucknow.
  55. N.C. Misra of Criminal Investigation Department, Lucknow, to Rajeshwar Dayal, home secretary, United Provinces, 1 May 1947. Home Department (Police), File No. 1116/1947. UP State Archives, Lucknow.

  56. Dharmantari
    t Bhai-Behnon Ki Shuddhi
    ’ (Purification of Converted Brothers and Sisters),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1430–32.

  57. Hindu Dharma Par Kanooni Prahar
    ’ (Legal Trouble for Hindu Religion),
    Kalyan
    , Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1432–33.

  58. Sangatha
    n Aur Sangrakshan Ke Dwadash Sadhan
    ’ (Twelve Paths to Achieve Unity and Protection),
    Kalyan, Malaviya Ank
    , 1946, pp. 1435–36.
  59. Report of the Administration of the United Provinces, 1947, Allahabad, Superintendent, Printing and Stationery, United Provinces. Printed by P.N. Bhargava, Bhargava Bhushan Press, Banaras.
  60. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Kalyan Par
    Congress
    Sarkaron Ki Kripa
    ’ (Benevolence of Congress Governments on
    Kalyan
    ),
    Kalyan
    , March 1947, pp. 851–53.
  61. M.S. Golwalkar, ‘
    Sachcha Rashtravad
    ’ (True Nationalism),
    Kalyan
    , January 1947, pp. 656–66.

  62. Bhagwa
    n Ko Arthbhav Se Pukarte Hi Raksha Ho Gayi
    ’ (How Calling God with Sincerity Helped),
    Kalyan
    , January 1947, pp. 666–68.

  63. Manavt
    a Ke Adarsh
    ’ (Ideals of Humanity),
    Kalyan
    , January 1947, pp. 675–80.

  64. Des
    h Ki Vartaman Paristhiti Aur Hinduon Ka Kartavya
    ’ (Current Situation in the Country and Duty of Hindus),
    Kalyan
    , January 1947, pp. 686–96.
  65. Kalya
    n
    , February 1947, pp. 785–86.

  66. Hind
    u Jati Par Vipatti
    ’ (Misfortune of Hindus),
    Kalyan
    , February 1947, p. 787.
  67. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Bhagwatprityarth Dweshrahit
    Kartavyapalan
    ’ (Carrying Out Duty Towards God Without Any Rancour),
    Kalyan
    , March 1947, pp. 839–49.

  68. Hinduo
    n Ka Kartavya
    ’ (Duty of Hindus). From
    Prabuddha Bharat
    , reproduced in
    Kalyan
    , April 1947, p. 718.
  69. Chitra Sinha,
    Debating Patriarchy: The Hindu Code Bill Controversy in India (1941

    1956
    )
    , OUP and New India Foundation, New Delhi, 2012, p. 185.

  70. Hind
    u Dharma Aur Sanskriti Par Prahar
    ’ (An Assault on Hindu Religion and Culture),
    Kalyan
    , May 1947, p. 969.
  71. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Bhayana
    k Khatra Aur Turant Kartavya
    Pala
    n Ki Avashyakta
    ’ (Terrible Danger and Immediate Duties to Be Carried Out),
    Kalyan
    , May 1947, pp. 970–81.
  72. M.S. Golwalkar, ‘
    Hamari Sanskriti Ki Akhand Dhara
    ’ (The Continuous Stream of Our Culture),
    Kalyan
    , June 1947, pp. 1035– 41.

  73. Dharm
    a Yudh Ke Liye Aavahan
    ’ (Call for Religious War),
    Kalyan
    , June 1947, pp. 1042–43.
  74. Hanuman Prasad Poddar, ‘
    Bhara
    t Vibhajan Ke Baad Kya Hoga
    ’ (What Will Happen after India’s Partition),
    Kalyan
    , July 1947, pp. 1099–1106.
  75. Hanuman Sharma, ‘
    Tab Aur Aab
    ’ (Then and Now),
    Kalyan
    , August 1947, pp. 1165–70.

  76. Pakistan
    i Vartav Ke Namune
    ’ (Specimen of Pakistani Behaviour),
    Kalya
    n
    , August 1947, inside back cover.

  77. Punja
    b Ke Atyachar Aur Hamari Sarkar, Pradhan Mantri Ka Vaktavya
    ’ (Oppression in Punjab and Our Government: PM’s Statement),
    Kalya
    n
    , September 1947, pp. 1232–33.
  78. Prabhudatt Brahmachari, ‘
    Sarnarthiyon Ki Seva Sarvasreshtha Dharma
    Ha
    i
    (Helping Refugees is Supreme Dharma),
    Kalyan
    , October 1947, pp. 1289–91.
  79. R. Shukla, ‘
    Hinduon Ka Durbhagya
    ’ (Misfortune of Hindus),
    Kalyan
    , November 1947, pp. 1361–62.
  80. Gambhirchand Dujari,
    Shri Bhaiji: Ek Alaukik Vibhuti
    , Gita Vatika Prakashan, Gorakhpur, 2000, pp. 230–31.
  81. The information in this paragraph is from Ram Lal Wadhwa,
    Hindu
    Mahasabh
    a
    ,
    1928–1947
    , Radha Publications, New Delhi, 1999, pp. 208–09.
  82. B.D. Graham,
    Hindu Nationalism and Indian Politics: The Origins and
    Developmen
    t of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh
    , Cambridge University Press, New York, 1990, p. 19.
  83. Poddar to Goyandka, 8 Kartik Krishna, Samvat 1986 (1929). Poddar Papers.
  84. Jaydayal Goyandka, ‘
    Hindu Vivah Ki Pavitrata Evam Tatsambandhi
    Kanoo
    n
    ’ (Sanctity of Hindu Marriage and Laws Related to Them),
    Kalya
    n
    , August 1946, pp. 1124–27.
  85. Sinha, 2012, pp. 51, 63.
  86. Donald Eugene Smith,
    India as a Secular State
    , Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1963, p. 279.
  87. Information in this and the next paragraph from Sinha, 2012, pp. 64–65.
  88. Geraldine Forbes,
    Women in Modern India
    , Cambridge University Press, New Delhi, 1996, pp. 118–19.

  89. Hind
    u Code: Hindu Sanskriti Ke Vinash Ka Ayojan
    ’ (Hindu Code: A Plan for the Destruction of Hindu Culture),
    Kalyan
    , June 1948, pp. 1110–13.

  90. Hind
    u Dharma Aur Hinduon Ke Aradhya Dev Bhagwan Sri Ram Aur Sri
    Krishna Par Aakshep
    ’ (Sri Rama and Sri Krishna: Attack on Hindu Dharma’s Presiding Deities),
    Kalyan
    , May 1950, p. 1158.
  91. Sinha, 2012, p. 88.
  92. Ibid., p. 93.

  93. Hind
    u Code: Hindu Sanskriti Ke Vinash Ka Ayojan
    , (Hindu Code: Plan to Destroy Hindu Culture)’,
    Kalyan
    , June 1948.

  94. Hind
    u Code Ke Sambandh Mein Mahatmaji Ka Mat
    ’ (Mahatma’s Views on Hindu Code Bill),
    Kalyan
    , June 1948, pp. 1113–14.

  95. Hind
    u Code: Virodh Mein Sabha Kijiye, Tar Patra Bhejiye
    ’ (Hindu Code: Hold Meetings to Oppose, Send Letters and Telegrams),
    Kalya
    n
    , July 1948, inside back cover, reproduced from
    Sanmarg
    .

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