Getting Screwed (35 page)

10.
Scolar, “What's Law Got to Do with It?,” 19

11.
Ibid., 19.

12.
Levy and Jakobsson, “Sweden's Abolitionist Discourse and Law,” 599.

13.
Samuel Lee and Petra Persson, “Human Trafficking and Regulating Prostitution,”
Law and Economic Research Paper Series,
New York University School of Law, Working Paper no. 12–08, June 2012, 25–26.

14.
Ibid., 4.

15.
Östergren, “Sexworkers Critique of Swedish Prostitution Policy,” 5.

16.
Östergren, “Sexworkers Critique of Swedish Prostitution Policy,” 5. Levy and Jakobsson, “Sweden's Abolitionist Discourse and Law,” 599.

17.
Levy and Jakobsson, “Sweden's Abolitionist Discourse and Law,” 600.

18.
Chu and Glass, “Sex Work Law Reform in Canada,” 107.

19.
Ibid., 123–24.

20.
Laura Agustin, “The Sex Worker Stigma: How the Law Perpetuates Our Hatred (and Fear) of Prostitutes,”
Salon,
August 17, 2013,
http://www.salon.com/2013/08/17/the_whore_stigma_how_the_law_perpetuates_our_hatred_and_fear_of_prostitutes_partner/
.

21.
Bernstein,
Temporarily Yours,
159.

22.
Ibid., 160.

23.
Dina Siegel, “Human Trafficking and Legalized Prostitution in the Netherlands,”
Temida,
1. no. 12 (March 2009): 10.

24.
Annalise L. Daalder,
Prostitution in the Netherlands since the Lifting of the Brothel Ban
, Summary, Wetenschappelijk Onderzoeken Documentatiecentrum (
WODC
), Ministry of Justice (the Hague:
BJU
, 2007),
http://english.wodc.nl/onderzoeksdatabase/1204e-engelse-vertaling-rapport-evaluatie-opheffing-bordeelverbod.aspx?cp=45&cs=6798
.

25.
Weitzer,
Legalization Prostitution,
163.

26.
Bernstein,
Temporarily Yours,
142–3.

27.
Ibid., 143–4.

28.
Ibid., 165.

29.
Daalder,
Prostitution in the Netherlands since the Lifting of the Brothel Ban
, 14.

30.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
201.

31.
Trafficking in Human Beings, Visible and Invisible (2012)
:
A Quantitative Report 2007–2011
, National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings and Sexual Violence against Children (2012),
http://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/reports/trafficking-visible-invisible/
.

32.
Siegel, “Human Trafficking and Legalized Prostitution in the Netherlands,” 8.

33.
Weitzer,
Legalization Prostitution,
200.

34.
Dina Siegel, “Mobility of Sex Workers in European Cities,”
European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research,
10: 1007 (December 27, 2011): 2–3,
DOI
: 10.1007/s10610–011–9168–5.

35.
Trafficking in Human Beings, Visible and Invisible (2012)
, 39.

36.
Anna G. Korvinus et al.,
Trafficking in Human Beings,
Third Report of the Dutch National Rapporteur (2004): 91,
http://www.dutchrapporteur.nl/reports/third/
.

37.
Daalder,
Prostitution in the Netherlands since the Lifting of the Brothel Ban
, 47.

38.
Ibid., 79.

39.
Ibid.

40.
Ibid., 47.

41.
Siegel, “Human Trafficking and Legalized Prostitution in the Netherlands,” 12.

42.
Andrea Di Nicole et al.,
Study on National Legislation on Prostitution and the Trafficking in Women and Children
, (Brussels: European Parliament, 2005), x,
http://lastradainternational.org/doc-center/1073/study-on-national-legislation-on-prostitution-and-the-trafficking-in-women-and-children
.

43.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
122–3.

44.
Ibid., 118–20.

45.
Ibid., 118.

46.
Ibid., 97.

47.
Abel et al.,
Taking the Crime Out of Sex Work
, 220.

48.
DML
v. Montgomery, Human Rights Review Tribunal of New Zealand, vol. 6 (February 12, 2014),
http://www.nzlii.org/nz/cases/
NZHRRT
/2014/6.html
.

49.
Abel et al.,
Taking the Crime Out of Sex Work,
228.

50.
Christine Harcourt et al., “The Decriminalization of Prostitution Is Associated with Better Coverage of Health Promotion Programs for Sex Workers,”
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
34, no. 5 (2010): 482.

51.
John Godwin,
Sex Work and the Law in Asia and the Pacific
, United Nations Development Programme (October 2012): 6,
http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/hivaids/English/
HIV
-2012-SexWorkAndLaw.pdf
.

52.
Ibid., 1.

53.
Ibid., 24–25.

54.
Anne Elizabeth Moore, “Here's Why It Matters When a Human Rights Crusader Builds Her Advocacy on Lies,”
Salon.com
, May 28, 2014,
http://www.salon.com/2014/05/28/heres_why_it_matters_when_a_human_rights_crusader_builds_her_advocacy_on_lies/
.

55.
Simon Marks, “Somaly Mam: The Holy Saint (and Sinner) of Sex Trafficking,”
Newsweek,
May 21, 2014,
http://www.newsweek.com/2014/05/30/somaly-mam-holy-saint-and-sinner-sex-trafficking-251642.html
.

56.
Gerry Mullany, “Activist Resigns Amid Charges of Fabrication,”
New York Times
, May 29, 2014,
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/30/world/asia/anti-trafficking-activist-quits-amid-charges-stories-were-fabricated.html
.

57.
Melissa Gira Grant, “The Price of a Sex-Slave Rescue Fantasy,
New
York Times,
May 29, 2014,
nytimes.com/2014/05/30/opinion/the-price-of-a-sex-slave-rescue-fantasy.html
.

58.
Weitzer,
Legalization Prostitution,
100.

59.
Gillian Abel and Lisa Fitzgerald, “Risk and Management in Sex Work post-Prostitution Reform Act,” in
Taking the Crime Out of Sex Work
. Gillian Abel et al., eds. (Bristol, United Kingdom: Policy Press: 2010), 234.

60.
Gillian Abel and Lisa Fitzgerald, “Decriminalisation and Stigma,” in
Taking the Crime Out of Sex Work
, 239.

11. Canada's Public Health Experiment

1.
The Challenge of Change: A Study of Canada's Criminal Prostitution Laws
, report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights and the Subcommittee on Solicitation Laws, December 2006, 13–14,
http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/
HOC
/Committee/391/
SSLR
/Reports/
RP
2610157/391_
JUST
_Rpt06_
PDF
/391_
JUST
_Rpt06-e.pdf
.

2.
O'Doherty, “Victimization in Off-Street Sex Industry Work,” 1.

3.
Kate Shannon et al., “Prevalence and Structural Correlates of Gender Based Violence among a Prospective Cohort of Female Sex Workers,”
British Medical Journal
339:b2939 (August 11, 2009): 4.

4.
Press release, “Canadian Laws on Prostitution Shown to Increase Violence against Sex Workers,” British Columbia Centre for Excellence in
HIV
/
AIDS
, August 12, 2009,
http://www.cfenet.ubc.ca/news/releases/canadian-laws-prostitution-shown-increase-violence-against-sex-workers
.

5.
L. Lazarus et al., “Risky Health Environments: Women Sex Workers' Struggles to Tind Safe, Secure and Non-exploitative Housing in Canada's Poorest Postal Code,”
Social Science & Medicine
73 (October 4, 2011): 1602–3.

6.
Ibid., 1605.

7.
Ibid., 1606.

8.
Ibid., 1601.

9.
Bernstein,
Temporarily Yours,
186.

10.
Kuo,
Prostitution Policy,
131.

11.
Suzanne Fournier, “ ‘Sixties Scoop' Victims Seek Compensation,”
Windsor Star,
June 2, 2011, A8.

12.
Lori Culbert, “Pickton Murders: Bloody Knife Fight Left One Victim
Barely Alive,”
Vancouver Sun
, August 10, 2010,
http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Bloody+knife+fight+left+victim+barely+alive/3360157/story.html
.

13.
Sandro Contenta, “Canada to Legalize Prostitution?,”
Global Post
, June 15, 2011,
http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/americas/canada/110615/canada-legalize-prostitution
.

14.
John Lowman, “Crown Expert-Witness Testimony in
Bedford v. Canada
: Evidence-Based Argument or Victim-Paradigm Hyperbole?” in
Selling Sex: Experience, Advocacy, and Research on Sex Work in Canada
, Emily van der Meulen, Elya M. Durisin, and Victoria Love, eds. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2013), 241.

15.
The Challenge of Change,
89.

16.
Sean Fine, “Supreme Court Strikes Down Canada's Prostitution Laws,”
Globe and Mail,
December 20, 2013, 1.

17.
John Lowman,
Tripping Point
, brief to the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights on The Protection of Communities and Exploited Persons Act,
http://184.70.147.70/lowman_prostitution/
HTML
/
SCJHR
/Tripping_Point_Lowman_Brief_to_the_
SCJHR
_on_Bill_C36.pdf
.

18.
O'Doherty, “Victimization in Off-Street Sex Industry Work.” Melissa Farley et al., “Prostitution and Trafficking in Nine Countries: An Update on Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,
Journal of Trauma Practice
2, no. 3/4): 35.

12. California

1.
What Is Human Trafficking? Exploring the Scope and Impact of the
CASE
Act
,” draft report, San Francisco Human Rights Commission, 2014, 17.

2.
Jeordan Legon, “Supervisors Diversify: S.F. Appointee Stands Out as White, Straight Male,”
San Jose Mercury News,
February 7, 1997.

3.
What is Human Trafficking?
, 16.

4.
“Solicitation of Minors for Prostitution,” analysis of Senate Bill 1388, Senate Committee on Public Safety, April 22, 2014.

5.
Lewis Kamb and Eric Nalder, “Conduct Unbecoming: Cases under Review,”
Seattle Post-Intelligencer,
August 3, 2005,

6.
Ibid.

7.
Ibid.

8.
Drew Joseph, “Prop. 35 Gets Tough on Traffickers,”
SF
Gate,
September 17, 2012,
http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Prop-35-gets-tough-on-human-traffickers-3872843.php
.

13. A Saner Approach to Prostitution

1.
Chu and Glass, “Sex Work Law Reform in Canada,” 107, 117. Dodillet, “The Swedish Sex Purchase Act: Claimed Success and Documented Effects,” 22–23. Östergen, “Sexworkers Critique of Swedish Prostitution Policy,” 2.

2.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
210.

3.
Ibid.

4.
“Prostitution: A Personal Choice,”
The Economist,
August 9, 2014, 9.

5.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution
, 207.

6.
“Prostitution: A Personal Choice,” 9.

7.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
211.

8.
Kuo,
Prostitution Policy,
130.

9.
Ibid., 125.

10.
Ibid., 169.

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