Forbidden Fruit (30 page)

Adams, Virginia M., ed.
On the Altar of Freedom: A Black Soldier’s Civil War Letters from the Front.
New York: Warren Books, 1992.

Bingham, Millicent Todd.
Emily Dickinson’s Home, Letters of Edward Dickinson and His Family with Documentation
and Comment by Millicent Todd Bingham.
New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1955, pp. 3–8.

Blockson, Charles L.
The Underground Railroad, First-Person Narratives of Escapes to Freedom in the North.
New York: Prentice Hall Press, 1987, pp. 34–37. Contains Rachel and Elizabeth Parker’s
stories.

Cohen, Saul B., ed.
The Columbia Gazeteer of the World,
Vol. 1, A–G. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998, p. 700. Description of Colrain
in Franklin County.

Copage, Eric V.
Kwanzaa: An African-American Celebration of Culture and Cooking.
New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1991.

Cornish, Dudley Taylor.
The Sable Arm: Black Troops in the Union Army, 1861–1865.
Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 1987.

Curtis, Nancy C.
Black Heritage Sites: The North.
New York: The New Press, 1996, pp. 76–77. The Elizabeth Freeman story.

DeRamus, Betty. “Some of Us Are Brave.”
Essence,
February 1998, p. 86.

Gladstone, William A.
Men of Color.
Gettysburg, Pa.: Thomas Publications, 1993.

History of the Town of Amherst, Massachusetts, 1731–1896.
Compiled and published by Carpenter & Morehouse, Amherst, Massachusetts, 1896.

Hitchcock, Frederick H., preparer and publisher.
The Handbook of Amherst, Massachusetts,
1891.

McClellan, Charles H.
The Early Settlers of Colrain, Massachusetts.
Greenfield, Mass.: W. S. Carson, printer, 1885, pp. 16, 25.

Packard, the Reverend Theophilus, Jr.
A History of the Churches and Ministers and of Franklin Association in Franklin County,
Massachusetts, and an Appendix Respecting the County.
Boston: S. K. Whipple and Company, 1854, p. 80.

Palmer, Robert.
Deep Blues,
orig. pub. Viking Press, 1981; Penguin Books, 1982.

Patrie, Lois McClellan.
A History of Colrain Massachusetts with Genealogies of Early Families.
Self-published, copyrighted 1974 by Lois McClellan Patrie.

Pronouncing Gazetteer of the World.
Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1905.

Smith, James Avery.
The History of the Black Population of Amherst, Massachusetts, 1728–1870.
Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999, pp. 22–36.

Thomas, Velma Maia.
Freedom’s Children.
New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 2000.

www.arps.org/amhersthistory/HenryJackson/
abolition/index.htm

African Americans Voices of Triumph: Perseverance.
By the editors of Time-Life Books. Alexandria, Va.: Time-Life Books, 1993, pp. 206–7.

Asbury, Herbert.
The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld.
New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 2001.

Bauerlein, Mark.
Negrophobia: A Race Riot in Atlanta, 1906.
San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2001, p. 57.

Clements, John.
Virginia Facts: A Comprehensive Look at Virginia Today, County by County.
Dallas: Clements Research II, Inc., 1991.

Coffin, Levi.
The Reminiscences of Levi Coffin.
Cincinnati: Western Tract Society, 1876, chapter 12. Story about abolitionist John
Fairfield helping mulattos and quadroons escape to Detroit by using powder and wigs
to make them look white.

Cose, Ellis.
Bone to Pick: Of Forgiveness, Reconciliation, Reparation and Revenge.
New York: Atria Books, 2004.

Curry, George E. “The Death That Won’t Die.”
Emerge
, Vol. VI, No. 9 (July/August 1995), pp. 24–27. A retelling of the Emmett Till story.

Dalmage, Heather M.
Tripping on the Color Line: Black-White Multiracial Families in a Racially Divided
World.
New Brunswick, N.J., and London: Rutgers University Press, 1965.

“Five Generations Gather for Estes-Stark Reunion.” Gulf Islands Driftwood, Wednesday,
August 10, 1994. The article describes the first Estes–Stark reunion.

Gettleman, Jeffrey. “Strom Thurmond’s Child: Old Times There Are Not Forgotten.”
The New York Times,
Sunday, December 21, 2003.

Giese, James R., and Laurel R. Singleton.
U.S. History: A Resource Book for Secondary Schools,
Vol. 1, 1450–1865. Santa Barbara, Calif., and Oxford: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1989.

Herbert, Bob. “Stolen Kisses.”
The New York Times,
March 1, 2004. Talks about the
Loving v. Virginia
case.

Higginbotham, A. Leon, Jr.
In the Matter of Color, Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period.
New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 1978.

Holiday, Billie, and William Duffy.
Lady Sings the Blues.
New York: Lancer Books, 1956.

Hudson, J. Blaine.
Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland.
Jefferson, N.C., and London: McFarland & Co., Inc., 2002. Interracial escapes are
described on page 63 and interracial romances leading to escapes on pages 79 and 80.

Irby, Charles C. “The Black Settlers on Saltspring Island, Canada.”
The Yearbook of the Pacific Coast Geographers,
Vol. 36. Corvallis, Ore.: Oregon State University Press, 1974. This piece provides
a decade-by-decade count of the blacks who moved to the island, talks about intermarriage
on Saltspring and explains why blacks on the island developed no social cohesion.

Irons, Peter, and Stephanie Guitton, eds.
May It Please the Court.
New York: The New Press, 1993.

Janofsky, Michael. “Thurmond Kin Acknowledge Black Daughter.”
The New York Times,
Tuesday, December 16, 2003.

Johnson, Oakley C. “The Negro-Caucasian Club: A History, The American Students’ First
Inter-racial Organization.”
Negro History Bulletin,
February 1970.

Katz, William Loren.
The Black West.
Seattle: Open Hand Publishing, 1987. This talks about Sylvia Stark firing through
the roof to run off Indians. See also p. 152. Talks about California’s passage of
its own fugitive slave law.

———.
Black People Who Made the Old West.
New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1977.

Knappman, Edward W., ed.
Great American Trials.
Detroit: Visible Ink Press, copyright ©1994, New England Publishing Associates, Inc.,
pp. 109–13.

Kristof, Nicholas D. “Lovers Under the Skin.”
The New York Times,
Wednesday, December 3, 2003. This mentions the 1958 poll and the 1959 ban on interracial
marriage in Virginia.

Levy, Paul. “Lime Jell-O Marshmallow Cottage Cheese Surprise.”
The New York Times,
Sunday, April 18, 2004.

“Life
Goes to the Movies,” Wallaby edition. New York: Pocket Books, 1977, orig. pub. Time-Life
Books, 1975, pp. 105, 137.

Lightblau, Eric, and Andrew Jacobs. “U.S. Revives Emmett Till Case Based on New Details
in Films.”
The New York Times,
Tuesday, May 11, 2004.

Overmyer, James E.
Effa Manley and the Newark Eagles.
Metuchen, N.J., and London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1993, pp. 6, 8.

Synnestvedt, Sig.
The White Response to Black Emancipation.
New York: Macmillan, 1974, pp. 52, 53. See also p. 63 (the story of William Donegan’s
murder).

Ager, Susan. “Memories: The Apple of His Eye.”
The Detroit Free Press,
October 8, 2000.

Barber, David L. “Santa, Settlers and Science.”
Pioneer East,
September 27, 1999, Big Rapids, Michigan.

Bernauer, Barbara, assistant archivist, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Letter to author. “I checked several sources and found no membership record for Solomon
Millard, sorry.”

Brown, Dee.
The Westerners.
New York, Chicago, San Francisco: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974.

Brown, Patricia Leigh. “Dixie Redesign: Fun and Fancy Without the Dust.”
The New York Times,
Thursday, July 6, 2000.

Browning, Janisse, coordinator.
Some Johnson Family Stories: From Slavery to the Present.
Amherstburg, Ontario: The North American Black Historical Museum, 1993.

Carbone, Elisa.
Stealing Freedom.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1998.

Catlin, George.
The Story of Detroit.
Detroit: The Detroit News, 1926.

Census Population Schedule 1, 1850. “Free Inhabitants in Livingston Co., Kentucky,
Sept. 4, 1850.” This reveals that Uriah G. Berry, in 1850, was 33, a merchant and
had real estate valued at $8,000. However, dwellings around him were worth a lot less—$2,000,
$300, $1,700, $4,300, $1,500, $2,000, $150, $250, $3,500, $500, $400, $500, $500.
On August 19, 1850, Uriah owned a 16-year-old female slave, a 28-year-old female,
a 10-year-old male, an 8-year-old male, a 14-year-old female mulatto and a 21-year-old
black male, presumably Isaac Berry.
City of Detroit, Mi, 1701–1922,
Vol. 1. Detroit-Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1922, pp. 476–78. The book
tells the story of Erastus Hussey, a Quaker in Battle Creek, Michigan, who helped
1,300 fugitives escape.

Clemens, Samuel L.
Mark Twain’s Autobiography,
Vol. 1. Copyright 1924 by Clara Gabrilowitsch. New York and London: Harper & Brothers
Publishers, pp. 124, 125. He notes that the local church taught that God approved
slavery, that it was holy. To blacks and whites in the area, the Southern plantation
was “simply hell; no milder name could describe it. If the threat to sell an incorrigible
slave ‘down the river’ would not reform him, nothing would—his case was past cure.”

Crittendon, Denise. “The Secret Corridors of Black History.”
African American Parent Magazine,
February/March 2000.

Cross, Jim. Interviews, Mecosta County, Michigan, February, June and September 2000.

Cross, Marie Loretta Berry. Interviews, Mecosta County, Michigan, February, June and
September 2000.

A Descriptive and Historical Guide.
Compiled and written by the Federal Writers’ Project of the Work Projects Administration
for the State of Illinois. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 1939.

Dedmon, Emmett.
Fabulous Chicago.
New York: Random House, 1953.

DeRamus, Betty. “Important Lessons to Learn from Slavery.”
The Michigan Chronicle,
February 5–11, 1997.

———. “Adrian House Opened a Window to Freedom.”
The Detroit News,
February 1, 2000.

Diehl, Lorraine B. “Skeletons in the Closet.”
New York Magazine,
October 5, 1992. This talks about the gangs that kidnapped black children and sold
them to Southerners.

Dorson, Richard M., ed.
Negro Folktales in Michigan.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1956. This collection includes Katy Pointer’s
account of the escape of her father, Isaac Berry. Dorson makes no attempt to distinguish
between true and made-up tales in his collection, saying only that the people who
told the tales believed they were true and that they could have happened.

1850 Federal Census for Michigan, p. 346. This shows Solomon Millard, 42; wife, Diana,
38; daughter Clarissa, 13; daughter Lucy E., 11; son, Ransom H., 10; daughter Sarah,
4; and son Solomon, four months living in Nankin Township in Wayne County, Michigan.
Only son Solomon lists his birthplace as Michigan. The other residents of the household
list New York as their birthplace. According to the census, the elder Solomon was
born in 1808 in New York; Diana was born November 1812 in New Hampshire and died January
5, 1853, in Michigan; Clarissa Millard was born 1837 in New York; Lucy E. Millard
was born in 1839 in New York; Ransom was born in 1840 in New York; Sarah was born
in 1846 in New York; Solomon Jr. was born in June 1850 in Nankin, Wayne Co., Michigan;
and William Millard died in Michigan. The elder Solomon lists his occupation as farmer.