Dreaming in Hindi (47 page)

Read Dreaming in Hindi Online

Authors: Katherine Russell Rich

BOOK: Dreaming in Hindi
2.97Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

I still had no idea because, in fact, I'd asked him every question I might have thought of except one.

We gave up on the list and discussed the day, all the hilarity and jubilation. One kid had held up a toy I'd brought, a bank shaped like a car, and performed some improv that brought down the house. His gestures had been beautifully supple, the way I recalled the boys' had been when they'd described the Australian cricket team's impending trouncing. Hey, I asked, what had that boy said?

"I do not know," Anukul said with a shrug, and I was surprised. When we'd spent Friday afternoons together, he'd nearly always been able to translate conversations for me on the spot, except for occasionally, when he'd gotten thrown by a word. But those Friday afternoons had been structured and under his control, I was forgetting that. Anukul had been leading the discussions then.

"You don't know?" I said.

"No."

"You don't?"

"Maybe something about a car."

"But why not?" I finally thought to ask.

"Oh," Anukul said pleasantly, casually, "because the children have a whole other language, one even we do not understand."

THE CRUEL FESTIVAL TIME
by Nand Chaturvedi

One of these days
I'll look at your face and find
The sad detailed imprints
Of the festival days

Now those days
Are useless,
Those days which, like thieves,
Steal residual memory

Who will come for the festival:
Vasantsena, Vasavdutta,
Michael Jackson, Chidambaram,
Or a wild boar?
Won't she come that
Miss World,
What is her name?

In the festival's terror
The village
Has become impoverished, indifferent
Like trees in fall.
On women's shoulders
Naked boys sit,
A little shy,
Hiding their members in their thighs

Where is this Delhi,
Where the festival is?
The nation's president is here,
But where's the nation?
In his eyes are the sun and the moon,
Elongated sad shadows on fields,
A nation in the shape of roti,
Festival of remnant desires

They have become tired
A day before the festival,
On the road, they found the village girl's body
Still clutching the child to her breast.
The day before,
The girls were loaded into the truck
Like young goats
To be taken to the slaughterhouse.

From which festival have you come,
Vasantsena?
Which one is taking place
These days
In the capital of this darkness?

Darling, walk slowly,
For only if you walk
Slow will you see
What walks beside you
In the background,
In this cruel festival time.

Translated by Katherine Russell Rich
and Vidhu Shekhar Chaturvedi

Bibliography

Amunts, K., A. Schleicher, and K. Ziles. "Outstanding Language Competence and Cyber Architecture in Broca's Speech Region."
Brain and Language
89, May 2004, 346–53.

Becker, A. L.
Beyond Translation.
Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1995.

Bhatia, Tej K., and William C. Ritchie.
Handbook of Bilingualism.
Oxford: Blackwell, 2006.

Bhatnagar, P. S.
Cambridge Self Hindi Teacher.
Delhi: Pankaj Publications, n.d.

Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi.
The Mahatma and the Poet.
Delhi: National Book Trust, 1997.

Bialystok, Ellen.
Bilingualism in Development.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

———.
In Other Words.
New York: Basic Books, 1994.

Binder, J. R., D. A. Medler, R. Desai, L. L. Conant, and E. Liebenthal. "Some Neurophysiological Constraints on Models of Word Naming."
Neuroimage
27, no. 3 (September 2005), 677–93.

Boroditsky, Lera. "Does Language Shape Thought? Mandarin and English Speakers' Conceptions of Time."
Cognitive Psychology
43, no. 1, August 2001.

Bryant, Edwin.
The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Calvin, William H., and Derek Bickerton.
Lingua Ex Machina.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000.

Chomsky, Noam.
Language and Problems of Knowledge: The Managua Lectures.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988.

Cohen, Leah Hager.
Train Go Sorry: Inside a Deaf World.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994.

Cook, Vivian, and Benedetta Bassetti, eds.
Second Language Writing Systems.
Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters, 2005.

Crystal, David.
How Language Works.
Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press, 2006.

Dalrymple, William. "India: The War over History."
New York Review of Books,
April 7, 2005.

———.
White Mughals.
New York: HarperCollins, 2002.

Dijkstra, Ton. "Lexical Processing in Bilinguals and Multilinguals." In
The Multilingual Lexicon,
edited by Jasone Cenoz, Britta Hufeisen, and Ulrike Jessner. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Dijkstra, Ton, and Walter J. B. van Heuven. "The Architecture of the Bilingual Word Recognition System."
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition
5, no. 3 (December 2002), 175–97.

Dörnyei, Zoltän.
The Psychology of the Language Learner.
Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum, 2005.

Eck, Diana L.
Darsan: Seeing the Divine Image in India.
Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1981.

Ellis, Rod.
Second Language Acquisition.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Freed, Stanley A., and Ruth S. Freed.
Hindu Festivals in a North Indian Village.
New York: American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers, 1998.

Friese, Kai. "Hijacking India's History."
New York Times.
December 30, 2002.

Gallese, Vitorio. "Mirror Neurons and Intentional Attunement."
Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association,
54, no. 1 (Winter 2006).

Gentner, Dedre, and Susan Goldin-Meadow, eds.
Language in Mind.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2003.

Gill, Jerry.
If a Chimpanzee Could Talk.
Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1997.

Gold, Ann Grozdins.
Fruitful Journeys: The Ways of Rajasthani Pilgrims.
Prospect Heights, Ill.: Waveland Press, 2000.

Goldin-Meadow, Susan.
The Resilience of Language: What Gesture Creation in Deaf Children Can Tell Us About How All Children Learn Language.
New York: Psychology Press, 2003.

Golwalkar, M. S.
We, or, Our Nationhood Defined.
Nagpur, India: Bharat Publications, 1939.

Gopnik, Alison, Andrew N. Meltzoff, and Patricia M. Kuhl.
The Scientist in the Crib.
New York: Morrow, 1999.

Gordon, Raymond G.
Ethnologue: Languages of the World.
Dallas: SIL International, 2005.

Hamilton, Norah Rowan.
Through Wonderful India and Beyond.
London: Holdern & Hardingham, 1915.

Hooper, Rowan. "Spectrum of Empathy Found in the Brain."
New Scientist,
September 18, 2006.

Iacoboni, Marco. "Understanding Others: Imitation, Language, Empathy." In
Perspectives on Imitation: From Neuroscience to Social Science,
edited by Susan L. Hurley and Nick Chater. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2005.

Jha, Raj Kamal.
Fireproof.
London: Picador Press, 2008.

Karmiloff-Smith, Annette. "Elementary Dear Watson, the Clue Is in the Genes—or Is It?"
Guardian,
November 6, 2002.

Kathuria, Ramdev P.
Life in the Courts of Rajasthan.
Delhi: S. Chand, 1987.

Kay, Paul, and Terry Regier. "Language, Thought and Color."
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
i, no. 2 (February 2006), 51–54.

Kecskes, Istvan, and Tünde Papp.
Foreign Language and Mother Tongue.
Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum, 2000.

Kenneally, Christine.
The First Word.
New York: Viking, 2007.

King, Christopher R.
One Language, Two Scripts.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Kumar, Amitava.
Husband of a Fanatic.
New York: New Press, 2005.

Lamb, Sydney.
Language and Reality.
New York: Continuum Books, 2004.

Larsen-Freeman, Diane, and Michael H. Long.
An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research.
Essex, UK: Addison Wesley Longman, 1991.

Lavery, David. "The Mind of Benjamin Whorf." Paper presented at the South Atlantic Modern Language Association, Atlanta, October 1995.

Lightbown, Patsy M., and Nina Spada.
How Languages Are Learned.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Luce, Edward.
In Spite of the Gods.
New York: Doubleday, 2007.

Lynch, Owen M.
Divine Passions: The Social Construction of Emotion in India.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

"Maaro! Kaapo! Baalo! State, Society, and Communalism in Gujarat." Report, People's Union for Democratic Rights, Delhi, May 2002.
http://www.onlinevolunteers.org/gujarat/reports/pudr
.

MacFarquhar, Larissa. "The Strong Man: Where Is Hindu-Nationalist Violence Leading?"
The New Yorker,
May 26, 2003.

Macleod, Mairi. "Mindless Imitation Teaches Us to Be Human."
New Scientist,
April i, 2006.

Malgady, Robert G., and Giuseppe Costantino. "Symptom Severity in Bilingual Hispanics as a Function of Clinician Ethnicity and Language of Interview."
Psychological Assessment
2, June 1998, 120–27.

McLaughlin, Judith, Lee Osterhout, and Albert Kim. "Neural Correlates of Second-Language Word Learning: Minimal Instruction Produces Rapid Change."
Nature Neuroscience
7, no. 7 (July 2004), 703—4.

Mehta, Suketu.
Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found.
New York: Knopf, 2004.

Miller, Greg. "Waiter, There Is a Fly in Meiner Suppe."
ScienceNOW,
June 8, 2006.

Mishra, Pankaj. "Impasse in India."
New York Review of Books,
June 28, 2007.

Morrow, Ann.
The Maharajas of India.
Delhi: Srishti, 1998.

Oberman, Lindsay M., Edward M. Hubbard, Joseph P. McCleery, Eric L. Altschuler, Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, and Jaime A. Pineda. "EEG Evidence for Mirror Neuron Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders."
Cognitive Brain Research
24, no. 2 (2005), 190—98.

Osborne, Lawrence. "A Linguistic Big Bang."
New York Times,
November 28, 1999.

Paradis, Michel. "Linguistic Parameters in the Diagnosis of Dyslexia in Japanese and Chinese." In
Reading and Writing Disorders in Different Orthographic Systems
edited by P. G. Aaron and R. Malatesha Joshi. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 1989.

———.
Neurolinguistic Theory of Bilingualism.
Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2004.

———, ed.
Readings on Aphasia in Bilinguals and Polyglots.
Montreal: Didier, 1983.

Pavlenko, Aneta. "Autobiographic Narratives as Data in Applied Linguistics."
Applied Linguistics
28, no. 2 (June i, 2007), 163–88.

———.
Emotions and Multilingualism.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

———. "Second Language Learning by Adults: Testimonies of Bilingual Writers."
Issues in Applied Linguistics
9, no. 1 (June 1998), 3—19.

Paz, Octavio.
In Light of India.
New York: Harcourt, 1997.

Perfetti, Charles A., Ying Liu, and Li-Hai Tan. "How the Mind Can Meet the Brain in Reading: A Comparative Writing Systems Approach." In
Cognitive Neuroscience Studies of the Chinese Language,
edited by H.S.R. Kao et al. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2002.

Phillips, Webb, and Boroditsky, Lera. "Can Quirks of Grammar Affect the Way You Think? Grammatical Gender and Object Concepts." In
Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
Boston: Cognitive Science Society, 2003.

Pinker, Steven.
How the Mind Works.
New York: Norton, 1997.

———.
The Language Instinct.
New York: Morrow, 1994.

———.
The Stuff of Thought.
New York: Viking, 2007.

Polich, Laura.
The Emergence of the Deaf Community in Nicaragua.
Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press, 2002.

Ratey, John J.
A User's Guide to the Brain.
New York: Vintage, 2002.

Ratner, Carl. "A Cultural-Psychological Analysis of Emotions." In
Culture and Psychology Journal
6, no. 1 (March 2000), 5—39.

Roy, Arundhati. "India's Shame."
Guardian,
December 15, 2006.

———, ed.
13 Dec: A Reader.
Delhi: Penguin, 2006.

Russo, Francine. "Hidden Secrets of the Creative Mind."
Time,
January 8, 2006.

Rymer, Russ.
Genie.
New York: HarperCollins, 1993.

Sacks, Oliver W.
Seeing Voices: A Journey into the World of the Deaf.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.

Schmidt, Richard W. "The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning."
Applied Linguistics
11, no. 2 (June 1990), 129–58.

Schumann, John H.
The Neurobiology of Affect in Language.
Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999.

Schumann, John H., Sheila E. Crowell, Nancy E. Jones, Namhee Lee, Sara Ann Schuchert, and Lee Alexandra Wood.
The Neurobiology of Learning. Perspectives from Second Language Acquisition.
Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum, 2004.

Seidenberg, Mark S. "Connectionist Models of Word Reading."
Current Directions in Psychological Science
14, no. 5 (October 2005), 238—42.

Sen, Amartya.
The Argumentative Indian.
New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.

Sharma, Pandit Vishnu.
Panchatantra.
Delhi: Rupa, 1991.

Other books

Ride With the Devil by Robert Vaughan
Blood Red by Jason Bovberg
A Taste of Liberty: Task Force 125 Book 2 by Lisa Pietsch, Kendra Egert
Beck And Call by Abby Gordon
A Shroud for Jesso by Peter Rabe
Swamp Bones by Kathy Reichs
Keeper of the King's Secrets by Michelle Diener
Alphas by Mathew Rodrick