Door to Door: The Magnificent, Maddening, Mysterious World of Transportation (43 page)

overload, 35, 134–35, 140, 149–52, 157–59, 179, 186, 189, 196–99, 203–10, 219, 224, 228, 240–41, 243, 249, 257, 260, 277, 287, 298, 305, 307, 314.
See also
traffic congestion and jams

Overseas Highway, 152

Oxnard, California, 137

Pacific Coast Highway (State Route 1), 80

Pacific Electric, 255

Pacific Merchant Shipping Association, 187

Pacific Ocean, 68

Palos Verdes Peninsula, 197

Panama Canal, 9, 68, 159, 184, 221, 260

Panasonic, 24

park-and-ride, 253

parking, 22, 83, 259, 272, 276–78, 297

parking assist, 266, 270

Pasadena, California, 241

Patagonia, 36

Pater, Thomas, 119

Pavilions market, 55–56

PBF Energy, 145

peak traffic tolls, 307

pedestrian lanes, 254, 298

pedestrian malls, 296, 298–300

pedestrians, 15, 81, 84.
See also
walking

   
car accidents and, 96–97, 106–12, 115, 120, 127–28, 232, 297, 298

   
cyclists vs., 299–300

   
driverless cars and, 268–69, 281–82

   
smartphones and, 21, 80

   
sidewalks and, 80–81, 84

   
street engineering and, 129–30

pedestrian walkways, 241

Pennsylvania, 25

Pennsylvania Route 56, 119

Pentagon, 156, 161

Peru, 67, 73

pharmaceutical industry, 67

Philippines, 136

pickup trucks, 143, 150

Pinjarra, Australia, 49

Pittsburgh, 119

Pittsburgh Reduction Company, 51

pizza, 135–40, 148–49, 152

plastic, recycling, 46

plastic bottles, 44

plastic shrink wrap, 57

plastic soda bottles, 59

Poland, 66

Pollard, Lucy, 95

pollution, 4, 86, 141, 163–64, 168, 179–81, 185, 190, 210, 240, 242.
See also
environment

   
driverless cars and, 277, 279, 285

   
ships and, 180–86

Portland, Indiana, 101

Portland, Oregon, 254, 273, 303

Port of Long Beach, 10, 11, 52, 133, 170–73, 177–86, 189, 194–97, 201–17, 221–26, 239

Port of Los Angeles, 4, 7, 9, 74, 77, 79, 133, 164–89, 194–212, 216, 221–26, 239

Port of New York/Newark, 197, 210

Port of Oakland, 77, 197, 210

ports, 20, 133–59

   
congestion and, 134–40, 145, 150, 158, 190, 205–12, 224–25, 238

   
cranes and, 221–23

   
labor slowdown and, 134–35, 158–59, 208–9, 224

   
maintenance and, 16

   
marine traffic control and, 202–12

   
oil transportation and, 145

   
pollution and, 133, 166, 168–69, 171, 179, 182–83, 224–25

ports (
cont.
)

   
port pilots and, 213–19

   
rail links and, 197, 225

   
roads and, 153, 239–43

   
trucking and, 191, 209–10, 226–28

   
UPS and, 235

port terminals, 134, 185, 224

Probat coffee roasters, 61, 76

Procter & Gamble, 170

Qatar, 78

Q Graders, 62

quinine, 69

radar, 202, 211, 218

Radio Corporation of America (RCA), 27–28

radio-frequency identification (RFID), 221, 224

rail bridges, 156

railroad crossings, 176

railroads, 85, 150

   
carbon footprint and, 313

   
commuter trains, 253

   
freeway medians and, 255

   
freight system, 157, 174–78

   
highways vs., 153

   
maintenance of, 16, 154–56

   
oil shipments and, 143–44

   
ports and, 172–78, 180, 183–85, 189, 191, 197–200, 210, 225

   
passenger trains, 155–56

   
recycling of cars, 48

   
transcontinental, 154, 172–73, 260

   
trucking vs., 187

   
UPS and, 234, 247

rail yards, 241

Rancho San Pedro, 226

Random House, 28

rare earth elements, 25–26

Rasputin, Maria, 167

Reason Why, The
(film), 28

Rebel, Jillian L. “Jilly,” 95

rechargeable batteries, 26

recycling, 45–48, 52, 56, 58

red-light cameras, 295, 297–98

red mud, 49

Red Sea, 67

renewable energy, 313

re-shoring, 17, 25, 261

respiratory disease, 185, 240

Revere, Massachusetts, 94

Rexam company, 42, 56

Reynolds, Seleta, 298–99

Richmond, California, 55

Rico, Julio, 138

ridesharing, 5, 15, 20–21, 80, 123, 135, 252, 254, 259, 262, 306, 311, 313, 315

   
driverless cars and, 273, 274, 276

road debris, 123–25

roads

   
funding and maintenance of, 12–14,
16, 58, 148, 153–56, 238, 257, 279, 294, 305

   
number of miles of, 93

   
streets and (stroads), 129–30

   
taxes and tolls and, 279, 307–8
see also
gasoline, tax on

Roasters Guild, 62

robot planes, 249

Robot Uber, 274, 276

Romans, classical, 26–27

RO-RO (roll-on, roll-off) ships, 213

Rose, Victoria, 94–95

rush hour.
See also
commuting

   
peak time tolls, 307–8

   
time shifting and, 308

Ryder, 139

Sabzerou, Sherwin Ali, 124

Sacramento, California, 141

Sadik-Khan, Janette, 295–99

Safeway chain, 55–56

same-day delivery, 252

Samsung, 25, 244

San Bernardino, California, 142–43

Sanchez, Pedro Padron, 112

San Diego, 175, 216, 245

Sandy Hook, New Jersey, 167

San Fernando Valley, 2

San Francisco, 15, 173, 254–56, 300, 311

San Gabriel River, 80

San Joaquin Valley, 145

San Pedro, 79, 165

San Pedro Bay, 170, 173–75, 197

Santa Ana, California, 123

Santa Barbara, California, 2

Santa Fe Springs, 138

Santa Monica, 174

sapphire glass, 49–50

sardine fishing, 165

Saudi Arabia, 78

Savanah, Georgia, 197

Seal Beach, 81, 255

Sears Catalog, 236

seat belts, 112–14, 122, 314

Seattle, 141, 197

seltzer, 55–56, 59

semiconductors, 26

Seroka, Gene, 189

Seven Mile Bridge, 152

severe weather

   
driverless cars and, 282–83

   
infrastructure and, 155

Shanghai, China, 23–24

Sharp company, 24

shipbuilding, 221

shipping alliances, 161, 163, 190, 209, 220

shipping companies, 134–35, 161–65, 190, 205, 208–10, 224.
See also
cargo and container ships; ports

shipping lanes, 203–12

shipyards, 163

Short, Christopher, 112

Sidamo highlands, 67

Sidecar, 4

sidewalks, 80–81, 84, 107, 294

Signal Hill oil fields, 170

Silicon Valley, 25

Silk Road, 26

Singapore, 308

Skechers, 244

Slangerup, Jon, 189

smartphones, 19–27, 50, 80, 89, 100–106, 126, 132, 151, 244–45, 252–54, 259, 262, 272, 283, 289, 306

Smith, Allison, 94–95

soda siphon, 59–60

Softline Home Fashions, 158

South America, 9, 70, 77

South Bay, California, 245

   
oil tower explosion, 144–45

South Carolina, 147

Southern California International Gateway, 187, 225

Southern Pacific Railroad, 173–74, 176–77

South Korea, 25, 78, 163, 221

Spain, 226–27

Specialty Coffee Association of America, 62

speed cameras, 295–97

speeding, 96, 107, 110–11, 125–26, 297, 312

speed limits, 111–12, 128–29, 140, 284

Speedway Boulevard, Tucson, 107

Spencer County, Kentucky, 117

Springer, Heidi J., 112

Springfield, Oregon, 127–28

Sri Lanka, 70

Starbucks, 8, 9, 65, 68

Star-Kist, 165

steam locomotives, 82

steamship, 16

steel, 47, 52, 116–17, 208

Steele, John, 98

Stockholm, 308

Straits of Gibraltar, 68

Strasser, Audrey, 97

Strasser, Austin, 97, 111

Strasser, Tiffanie, 96–98

streetcars, 84, 151, 254–55, 257, 301, 310

street design, 129, 297, 298, 302–3.
See also
highways and freeways; roads

Strong, John, 216–19

Strong Towns, 128

Studebaker, 239

Stuttgart, Arkansas, 114

suburban sprawl, 142–43, 147, 257, 278

subways, 145–46, 149, 151, 256, 301

Suez Canal, 9, 67, 184

sulfur emissions, 180

SUVs (sport utility vehicles), 114–17, 143, 213

Sweden, 153, 266

synthetic rubies, 49

synthetic sapphire, 23

Tahiti, 216

Taiwan, 23–25

Takata air bags, 131

Target, 158, 161, 205, 247

taxes, 12, 116, 148–49, 153–54, 255, 257, 259, 279, 288, 308

tea, 76–77

Tehachapi Mountains, 10

Tennessee, 42

Terra Cotta Warriors exhibit, 245

Tesla Motors, 3, 265–67

Texas, 10, 257

Texas State Highway 105, 98

Thailand, 136, 202

Thai Union Frozen Products, 169

Theurer, Mandy J., 101

third-party logistics providers (3PL), 227–28

This Changes Everything
(Klein), 312–13

3-D printing, 16, 261–62

Times Square, 296, 300

Times Square Alliance, 300

Toledo, 156

tolls, 307–9, 311

TomaTek company, 137

tomato sauce, 136–37, 152

Tommy Bahama, 158

Toyota

   
Prius, 143

   
Scion xB, 2009, 10–11

traffic accidents, 6–7, 12–14, 81, 88–132, 189, 232

   
biking and, 292–93, 300

   
deaths and injuries and, 12–13, 88–94, 100, 109, 114, 121–22, 312

   
distraction and, 268–69, 271, 277

   
driverless cars and, 268, 271, 283–85, 287

   
Friday, February 13, 2015 and, 93–132, 321–31

   
hit-and-run, 108, 123–24, 292–94

   
left turns and, 232

   
prosecutions of, 97, 99–100, 124, 292–93

   
reducing, 297–98, 309, 311–12

traffic apps, 253–54, 259, 292

traffic circles, 309

traffic congestion and jams, 12–15, 22, 83–84, 89, 143, 149, 154, 190, 238–44, 253–58, 292, 302, 304–17

   
congestion pricing and, 306–8

   
driverless cars and, 275–77

   
individual solutions to reduce, 314–17

   
mass transit to reduce, 308–11

   
time shifting and, 308–9

   
trucking and, 210, 238–44, 311

   
UPS routes and, 231–32

traffic control centers, 257–58

traffic design and planning, 254, 296–99, 302, 306–7

traffic laws, 126–27

traffic lights, 257, 295, 297–98, 257

transponders, 211, 284

transportation, future of, 259–62, 291–92, 304–7.
See also
specific types

Trash for Teaching, 237

Traveling Salesman Problem, 233

Trepanier, Ted, 251–53, 258–59

Triborough Bridge, 152

trolleys, 151, 254, 255, 310

trucks, 14, 47, 139–40, 172, 178, 183–85, 187, 189–91, 226–27

   
carbon footprint and, 313

   
container wheeled chassis and, 209–10

   
dedicated lanes and, 276, 311

   
driverless, 249, 276, 286–88

   
emissions and, 172, 210, 241–42

   
logistics providers and, 226–28

   
ports and, 196, 225–26, 238–44

   
tolls and, 308

   
traffic and, 305

   
UPS and, 229–39, 247

   
zero-emission electric, 242

TSMC, 25

tugboats, 215

tuna canneries, 165–69, 202

tunnels, 153, 155–56

Tuscon, Arizona, 107

Twitter, 3

2M Alliance, 163

Tyson Foods, 137

Uber, 4, 15, 85, 123, 133, 159, 259, 265, 274, 276, 306

UCLA, 2

Ulloa, Tony, 107, 108

Unicorn technology, 16–17

Union Army, 92

Union Pacific Railroad, 225

Union Square, 296

United Parcel Service (UPS), 4, 16, 24, 229–37, 244–49

   
air hubs, 244–48

   
hub and spokes and, 234–35

   
routing and, 231–34

United States

   
aluminum smelting in, 52

   
coffee consumed in, 66