Deception (53 page)

^aw
It is tempting to speculate that this real-life example may have inspired Graham Greene, himself an SIS officer, with the mysterious giant suction device – in fact a domestic vacuum cleaner writ large – depicted in
Our Man in Havana
.

^ax
Augusts Bergmanis.

^ay
Rihards Zande and
Ē
riks Tomsons.

^az
His Lithuanian and Latvian counterparts were Stasys Žymantas, an Oxford-educated émigré lawyer, and R
Å«
dolfs Silar
ā
js, an airman.

^ba
After leaving SIS Philby worked briefly for my employer, the
Economist
, as our Beirut-based Middle East correspondent. Barbara Smith, then one of our Middle East editors, remembers his reporting as excellent but that she had to chivvy him over his lack of productivity. Shortly afterwards we found out the reasons, when he turned up in the Soviet Union.

^bb
A CIA officer called David Murphy responded in a similar vein. ‘Even if they don't send back good intelligence, we're causing the Russians a lot of headaches.'

^bc
The Mutual Security Act allocated $
100
m to fund anti-Soviet guerrilla warfare.

^bd
Nikolai Balodis.

^be
An American-trained Lithuanian, Jonas Kukauskas, was captured soon after being parachuted into Lithuania in April. Faced with torture, he agreed to betray his leader, whose grave has never been found.

^bf
Ludis Upãns, cited in Bower as ‘Lodis' Up
a
ns.

^bg
His real name was Nikolai Urm. He worked until retirement in the electrical department of the John Lewis department store and died in
2005
in the drab London suburb of Neasden, where a rusty horseshoe (characteristic for Estonian homes) over the doorway of his house in Bermans Way is the only remaining sign of his remarkable career. If by any chance his niece, Karen ‘Kim' Toley, should read this book I would be most grateful to hear from her.

^bh
I would be glad to hear from anyone who can identify the SIS officer on the left.

^bi
He returned to Estonia for several visits in the
1990
s, donating money for a war memorial and enjoying a belated recognition for his efforts. He passed on coordinates for the place near Murmansk where he buried his transmitter. A former Estonian official has the coordinates and plans to retrieve it when practical.

^bj
I shall be delighted if I am misinformed.

^bk
He had been conscripted in the German army briefly in
1944
, but did not serve in Rebane's unit.

^bl
In past years the recruitment interview has been conducted by men of varying build, height and hair colour. All introduced themselves as ‘Major Halliday'.

^†
The statues are available from gift shops, at a price of around £
200
(including postage and packing). A solid silver version is also available, but was presumably thought too expensive.

 

^bm
For
Státní bezpe
č
nost
(State Security).

^bn
Mr Savisaar had found some evidence of Simm's misuse of public funds, in a complicated story involving a dentist's chair bought for his then wife's clinic.

^bo
I have no desire to reveal details that will mean little to the reader but perhaps make life easier for Russian intelligence.

^bp
It is worth noting that Estonia experienced extreme international pressure in the
1990
s to be softer on military and security personnel from the former occupation regime who did not wish to return to Russia. Had the authorities been allowed to adopt tougher rules, it would have been far harder for Zentsov (and perhaps others like him) to ply their trade.

^bq
It has since been crippled by political wrangling and corruption scandals.

^br
The logical absurdity of this was not properly teased out: if Russia was friendly, then why would drawing up defence plans for its weak and vulnerable neighbours be provocative? And if Russia was so easily provoked, could it really be counted as friendly?

^bs
I find that implausible, as even a national intelligence agency would hesitate to compile such information in a single list and distribute it internally, for fear of the damage done if it leaked. The risk of sharing such sensitive material with twenty-plus other agencies of varying trustworthiness would be huge and such a step unlikely. It is possible that this CD was a list of past Russian agents, rather than active or suspected ones. That would still be useful information for the SVR.

^bt
I am withholding his name, in accordance with the sensible convention that serving intelligence and security officers should not be identified.

^bu
Stay-behind operations were a staple of NATO planning during the early years of the Cold War, and envisaged well-organised networks of saboteurs and spies working to disrupt Soviet rule after an invasion of Western Europe, with access to secret arms caches. They included the notorious Operation Gladio, which degenerated into political mischief-making in Italy.

^bv
Chiefly the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development and the European Investment Bank. If things go badly wrong, the International Monetary Fund and European Central Bank provide bailout packages.

 

A Note on the Author

Edward Lucas is a senior editor at the
Economist
. He has been covering Eastern Europe since
1986
, with postings in Berlin, Moscow, Prague, Vienna and the Baltic states. He is the author of
The New Cold War
(
2008
), published in more than fifteen languages.

By the Same Author

The New Cold War

Copyright © 2012 by Edward Lucas

This electronic edition published in June 2012

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Published by Walker Publishing Company, Inc., New York
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

Lucas, Edward, 1962–Deception : the untold story of East-West espionage today / Edward Lucas. — 1st U.S. ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
eISBN 978-0-8027-1305-6
1. Western countries—Foreign relations—Russia (Federation) 2. Russia (Federation)—Foreign relations—Western countries. 3. United States—Foreign relations—Russia (Federation) 4. Russia (Federation)—Foreign relations—United States. 5. Espionage, Russian—Western countries. 6. Espionage, Russian—United States. 7. Deception—Political aspects—Russia (Federation) I. Title.
D2025.5.R8L83 2012
327.12470182'1—dc23
2012005559

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First U.S. edition 2012