Death of the Liberal Class (38 page)
Read Death of the Liberal Class Online
Authors: Chris Hedges
Tags: #Political Culture, #Political Ideologies, #General, #Conservatism & Liberalism, #Political Science, #Liberalism
Notes
1
George Orwell, “Freedom of the Press,” unprinted introduction to
Animal Farm
, first printed, ed. Bernard Crick, Times Literary Supplement, September 15, 1972: 1040.
George Orwell, “Freedom of the Press,” unprinted introduction to
Animal Farm
, first printed, ed. Bernard Crick, Times Literary Supplement, September 15, 1972: 1040.
1
Karl Polanyi,
The Great Transformation
(Boston: Beacon Press, 2001), 76.
Karl Polanyi,
The Great Transformation
(Boston: Beacon Press, 2001), 76.
2
Ernest Logan Bell, interview, Norwich, New York, March 30, 2010.
Ernest Logan Bell, interview, Norwich, New York, March 30, 2010.
3
John Gray,
Liberalism
(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003), 86.
John Gray,
Liberalism
(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003), 86.
4
C. Wright Mills,
The Politics of Truth: Selected Writings of C. Wright Mills
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 126-128.
C. Wright Mills,
The Politics of Truth: Selected Writings of C. Wright Mills
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 126-128.
5
Russell Jacoby,
The End of Utopia: Politics and Culture in an Age of Apathy
(New York: Basic Books, 1999), 10-11.
Russell Jacoby,
The End of Utopia: Politics and Culture in an Age of Apathy
(New York: Basic Books, 1999), 10-11.
6
Irving Howe, “This Age of Conformity,” in
The Partisan Review Anthology
, eds. William Phillips and Philip Rahv (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1961), 148.
Irving Howe, “This Age of Conformity,” in
The Partisan Review Anthology
, eds. William Phillips and Philip Rahv (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1961), 148.
7
Ibid., 148-149.
Ibid., 148-149.
8
Fyodor Dostoevsky,
Notes from Underground
, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (New York: Everyman 1993), 7.
Fyodor Dostoevsky,
Notes from Underground
, trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (New York: Everyman 1993), 7.
1
Reinhold Niebuhr,
Beyond Tragedy
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1965), 39.
Reinhold Niebuhr,
Beyond Tragedy
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1965), 39.
2
Dwight Macdonald,
The Root Is Man
(Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia, 1995), 81.
Dwight Macdonald,
The Root Is Man
(Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia, 1995), 81.
3
Richard Rorty,
Achieving Our Country: Leftist Thought in Twentieth-Century America
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 90.
Richard Rorty,
Achieving Our Country: Leftist Thought in Twentieth-Century America
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 90.
4
“Austin Plane Crash: Full Text of Joe Stack online suicide note posted on website
embeddedart.com
.” February 18, 2010, http:
www.nydailynews.com/news/national/2010/02/18/2010-02-18_austin_plane_crash_full_text_joe_stack_manifesto_posted_on_website_embeddedartco.html
.
“Austin Plane Crash: Full Text of Joe Stack online suicide note posted on website
embeddedart.com
.” February 18, 2010, http:
www.nydailynews.com/news/national/2010/02/18/2010-02-18_austin_plane_crash_full_text_joe_stack_manifesto_posted_on_website_embeddedartco.html
.
5
Ching Kwan Lee,
Against the Law: Labor Protests in China’s Rustbelt and Sunbelt
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007), x.
Ching Kwan Lee,
Against the Law: Labor Protests in China’s Rustbelt and Sunbelt
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007), x.
6
Ibid., 162.
Ibid., 162.
7
Ibid., 164.
Ibid., 164.
8
Ibid.
Ibid.
9
Ibid., 264.
Ibid., 264.
10
Ibid., 265.
Ibid., 265.
11
Palagummi Sainath, “Series on farmers’ suicides in Andhra, 2004.
India Together
, http:
www.indiatogether.org/opinions/psainath/suiseries.htm
.
Palagummi Sainath, “Series on farmers’ suicides in Andhra, 2004.
India Together
, http:
www.indiatogether.org/opinions/psainath/suiseries.htm
.
12
P. Sainath, “Neo-Liberal Terrorism in India: The Largest Wave of Suicides in History,”
Counterpunch
February 12, 2009, http:
www.counterpunch.org/sainath02122009.html
.
P. Sainath, “Neo-Liberal Terrorism in India: The Largest Wave of Suicides in History,”
Counterpunch
February 12, 2009, http:
www.counterpunch.org/sainath02122009.html
.
13
Noam Chomsky, “The Center Cannot Hold: Rekindling the Radical Imagination,” address to the Left Forum, Pace University, New York, March 21, 2010. Posted May 31, 2010, http:
www.democracynow.org/2010/5/31/noam_chomsky_the_center_cannot_hold
.
Noam Chomsky, “The Center Cannot Hold: Rekindling the Radical Imagination,” address to the Left Forum, Pace University, New York, March 21, 2010. Posted May 31, 2010, http:
www.democracynow.org/2010/5/31/noam_chomsky_the_center_cannot_hold
.
14
Noam Chomsky, Interview, New York, April 13, 2010.
Noam Chomsky, Interview, New York, April 13, 2010.
15
Norman Finkelstein, Interview, New York, March 9, 2010.
Norman Finkelstein, Interview, New York, March 9, 2010.
16
Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky,
Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of Mass Media
(New York: Pantheon Books, 2002), 174.
Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky,
Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of Mass Media
(New York: Pantheon Books, 2002), 174.
17
Lee Feinstein and Anne-Marie Slaughter, “A Duty to Prevent,”
Foreign Affairs
January/February 2004, http:
www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59540/lee-feinstein-and-anne-marie-slaughter/a-duty-to-prevent
.
Lee Feinstein and Anne-Marie Slaughter, “A Duty to Prevent,”
Foreign Affairs
January/February 2004, http:
www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59540/lee-feinstein-and-anne-marie-slaughter/a-duty-to-prevent
.
18
Michael Ignatieff, “Friends Disunited,”
Guardian
, March 24, 2003, http:
www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2003/mar/24/iraq.world
.
Michael Ignatieff, “Friends Disunited,”
Guardian
, March 24, 2003, http:
www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2003/mar/24/iraq.world
.
19
Fresh Air with Terry Gross
, National Public Radio, March 18, 2003.
Fresh Air with Terry Gross
, National Public Radio, March 18, 2003.
20
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has an official YouTube channel of “important” Oscar speeches, but does not include Moore’s speech. That speech appears at http:
www.tagg.org/rants/mmooreoscar.html
.
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has an official YouTube channel of “important” Oscar speeches, but does not include Moore’s speech. That speech appears at http:
www.tagg.org/rants/mmooreoscar.html
.
21
Tony Judt, “Bush’s Useful Idiots,”
London Review of Books
28:18 (September 21, 2006), 3-5.
Tony Judt, “Bush’s Useful Idiots,”
London Review of Books
28:18 (September 21, 2006), 3-5.
22
Jeremy Scahill, interview, Washington, DC, April 28, 2010.
Jeremy Scahill, interview, Washington, DC, April 28, 2010.
23
Josh Stieber, interview, Washington, DC, April 28, 2010.
Josh Stieber, interview, Washington, DC, April 28, 2010.
24
Malalai Joya, interview, New York, October 28, 2009.
Malalai Joya, interview, New York, October 28, 2009.
25
Quoted in Michelle Nichols, “Afghan opium feeding Europe, Russia, Iran addicts,” Reuters, October 21, 2009, http:
www.reuters.com/article/idUSN20440001
.
Quoted in Michelle Nichols, “Afghan opium feeding Europe, Russia, Iran addicts,” Reuters, October 21, 2009, http:
www.reuters.com/article/idUSN20440001
.
26
Matthew Hoh, Resignation letter to Ambassador Nancy J. Powell, September 10, 2009, http:
www.docstoc.com/docs/13944018/Matthew-Hoh-Resignation-Letter
.
Matthew Hoh, Resignation letter to Ambassador Nancy J. Powell, September 10, 2009, http:
www.docstoc.com/docs/13944018/Matthew-Hoh-Resignation-Letter
.
27
Peter van Agtmael,
2nd Tour, Hope I Don’t Die
(Portland, OR: Photolucida, 2009), 88.
Peter van Agtmael,
2nd Tour, Hope I Don’t Die
(Portland, OR: Photolucida, 2009), 88.
28
Lori Grinker,
Afterwar: Veterans from a World in Conflict
(Milford, NY: de.MO, 2005), 58-59.
Lori Grinker,
Afterwar: Veterans from a World in Conflict
(Milford, NY: de.MO, 2005), 58-59.
29
Ibid., 63.
Ibid., 63.
30
Ibid., 96-107.
Ibid., 96-107.
31
Ibid., 120-121.
Ibid., 120-121.
32
Ibid., 124-125.
Ibid., 124-125.
33
Peter van Agtmael,
2nd Tour, Hope I Don’t Die
, 64-65.
Peter van Agtmael,
2nd Tour, Hope I Don’t Die
, 64-65.
1
Randolph Bourne,
War and the Intellectuals
(Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 1999), 3.
Randolph Bourne,
War and the Intellectuals
(Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 1999), 3.
2
“Capper of Kansas Now Backs Wilson,”
New York Times
, March 25, 1917.
“Capper of Kansas Now Backs Wilson,”
New York Times
, March 25, 1917.
3
D.S. Jordan to W. Kent, April 1, 1917, the Papers of William Kent, Yale University Library.
D.S. Jordan to W. Kent, April 1, 1917, the Papers of William Kent, Yale University Library.
4
Randolph Bourne,
The War and the Intellectuals
(Indianapolis: Hackett, 1999), 3-4.
Randolph Bourne,
The War and the Intellectuals
(Indianapolis: Hackett, 1999), 3-4.
5
See Ernest Freeberg,
Democracy’s Pioneer: Eugene Debs, the Great War, and the Right to Dissent
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), 136.
See Ernest Freeberg,
Democracy’s Pioneer: Eugene Debs, the Great War, and the Right to Dissent
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), 136.
6
“Albert Edwards” [Arthur Bullard], “Under the White Terror,”
Colliers
, April 28, 1906.
“Albert Edwards” [Arthur Bullard], “Under the White Terror,”
Colliers
, April 28, 1906.
7
Ronald Steel,
Walter Lippmann and the American Century
(New York: Atlantic-Little Brown, 1980), 125.
Ronald Steel,
Walter Lippmann and the American Century
(New York: Atlantic-Little Brown, 1980), 125.
8
Quoted in United States Committee on Public Information,
National Service Handbook,
Red, White and Blue Series, No. 2 (Washington, DC: 1917), title page.
Quoted in United States Committee on Public Information,
National Service Handbook,
Red, White and Blue Series, No. 2 (Washington, DC: 1917), title page.
9
George Creel,
Rebel at Large: Recollections of Fifty Crowded Years
(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1947), 157.
George Creel,
Rebel at Large: Recollections of Fifty Crowded Years
(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1947), 157.
10
Robert Lansing,
War Memoirs of Robert Lansing, Secretary of State
(Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1935), 208.
Robert Lansing,
War Memoirs of Robert Lansing, Secretary of State
(Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1935), 208.
11
“Radicals at Work for German Peace,”
New York Times,
June 24, 1917, 7.
“Radicals at Work for German Peace,”
New York Times,
June 24, 1917, 7.
12
Stuart Ewen
, Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and the Social Roots of the Consumer Culture
(New York: Basic Books, 2001), 62.
Stuart Ewen
, Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and the Social Roots of the Consumer Culture
(New York: Basic Books, 2001), 62.
13
John Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
(New York: Doubleday, 1962), 300.
John Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
(New York: Doubleday, 1962), 300.
14
Quoted in Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 301.
Quoted in Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 301.
15
“Debs urges strike if nation fights,”
New York Times,
March 8, 1917, 3.
“Debs urges strike if nation fights,”
New York Times,
March 8, 1917, 3.
16
George Sylvester Viereck,
Spreading the Germs of Hate
(New York: Horace Liveright, 1930), 178-179.
George Sylvester Viereck,
Spreading the Germs of Hate
(New York: Horace Liveright, 1930), 178-179.
17
Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 302.
Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 302.
18
Jane Addams,
Peace and Bread in Times of War
(New York: Macmillan, 1922), 134.
Jane Addams,
Peace and Bread in Times of War
(New York: Macmillan, 1922), 134.
19
Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 300.
Dos Passos,
Mr. Wilson’s War
, 300.
20
Addams,
Peace and Bread in Time of War
, 182.
Addams,
Peace and Bread in Time of War
, 182.
21
“Senators Tell What Bolshevism in America Means,”
New York Times
, June 15, 1919, 40.; U.S. Senate Subcommittee on the Judiciary, Brewing and Liquor Licenses, 3:114, 123, 146-147.
“Senators Tell What Bolshevism in America Means,”
New York Times
, June 15, 1919, 40.; U.S. Senate Subcommittee on the Judiciary, Brewing and Liquor Licenses, 3:114, 123, 146-147.
22
Stewart Halsey Ross,
Propaganda for War: How the United States Was Conditioned to Fight the Great War of 1914-1918
(Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 1996), 280.
Stewart Halsey Ross,
Propaganda for War: How the United States Was Conditioned to Fight the Great War of 1914-1918
(Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 1996), 280.
23
Sidney Pollard,
The Idea of Progress: History and Society
(London: C. A. Watts, 1968), 9ff.
Sidney Pollard,
The Idea of Progress: History and Society
(London: C. A. Watts, 1968), 9ff.
24
Quoted in Sidney Lens,
Labor Wars: From the Molly Maguires to the Sitdowns
(New York: Doubleday, 1973), 152.
Quoted in Sidney Lens,
Labor Wars: From the Molly Maguires to the Sitdowns
(New York: Doubleday, 1973), 152.
25
Dwight Macdonald,
The Root Is Man
(Brooklyn, NY:Autonomedia, 1995), 67.
Dwight Macdonald,
The Root Is Man
(Brooklyn, NY:Autonomedia, 1995), 67.
26
Ibid., 146.
Ibid., 146.
27
John Houseman,
Unfinished Business
(London: Chatto and Windos, 1986), 87.
John Houseman,
Unfinished Business
(London: Chatto and Windos, 1986), 87.
28
Mark Blitzstein,
The Cradle Will Rock
, 31, Sketch 6.
Mark Blitzstein,
The Cradle Will Rock
, 31, Sketch 6.
29
Ibid., 13, Sketch 3.
Ibid., 13, Sketch 3.
30
Hallie Flanagan,
Arena: The History of the Federal Theatre
(New York: Benjamin Bloom, 1940), 202-203.
Hallie Flanagan,
Arena: The History of the Federal Theatre
(New York: Benjamin Bloom, 1940), 202-203.
31
Blitzstein,
The Cradle Will Rock
, page 15, Sketch 4.
Blitzstein,
The Cradle Will Rock
, page 15, Sketch 4.
32
Karen Malpede, interview, New York, June 6, 2010.
Karen Malpede, interview, New York, June 6, 2010.
33
Flanagan, 364-365.
Flanagan, 364-365.
34
Ibid., 366.
Ibid., 366.
35
Ibid.
Ibid.
36
Malpede., 367.
Malpede., 367.
37
Malcom Cowley,
Exile’s Return
(New York: Penguin, 1994), 58.
Malcom Cowley,
Exile’s Return
(New York: Penguin, 1994), 58.
38
Russell Jacoby,
The Last Intellectuals
(New York: Basic Books, 1987), 67-68.
Russell Jacoby,
The Last Intellectuals
(New York: Basic Books, 1987), 67-68.
39
Ibid., 71.
Ibid., 71.
40
Cowley,
Exile’s Return
, 60-61.
Cowley,
Exile’s Return
, 60-61.
41
Ibid., 62-63.
Ibid., 62-63.
42
Ibid., 66-67.
Ibid., 66-67.
43
Ibid., 149.
Ibid., 149.
44
Irving Howe,
World of Our Fathers
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983), 501, cited in Jacoby,
The Last Intellectuals
.
Irving Howe,
World of Our Fathers
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983), 501, cited in Jacoby,
The Last Intellectuals
.
45
Quoted in Victor Navasky,
Naming Names
(New York: Viking 1980), 48.
Quoted in Victor Navasky,
Naming Names
(New York: Viking 1980), 48.
46
Walter Bernstein
, Inside Out: A Memoir of the Blacklist
, (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996), 185.
Walter Bernstein
, Inside Out: A Memoir of the Blacklist
, (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996), 185.
47
Drama Mailbag,
New York Times
, October 16, 1955, x3.
Drama Mailbag,
New York Times
, October 16, 1955, x3.
48
Bernstein
, Inside Out
, 186.
Bernstein
, Inside Out
, 186.
49
Ellen Schrecker,
Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1998), 412.
Ellen Schrecker,
Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1998), 412.
1
Philip Roth. “On the Air,”
New American Review
10 (August 1970), 20.
Philip Roth. “On the Air,”
New American Review
10 (August 1970), 20.
2
Peter B. Levy,
The New Left and Labor in the 1960s
(Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1994), 47-48.
Peter B. Levy,
The New Left and Labor in the 1960s
(Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1994), 47-48.
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