Consciousness Beyond Life: The Science of the Near-Death Experience (53 page)

31. Bohm,
Wholeness.

32. A. Zeilinger,
Einsteins Schleier
[Einstein’s Veil] (Munich: C. H. Beck Verlag, 2003), 103–6; G. Blatter, “Schrödinger’s Cat Is Now Fat,”
Nature
406 (2000): 25–26; R. Friedman et al., “Quantum Superposition of Distinct Macroscopic States,”
Nature
406 (2000): 43–45.

33. I. Prigogine and I. Stengers,
Order Out of Chaos: Man’s New Dialogue with Nature
(Boulder, CO: New Science Press, 1984); H. Fröhlich, “Coherent Excitations in Active Biological Systems,” in
Modern Bioeletro-chemistry,
ed. F. Gutman and H. Keyzer (New York: Plenum, 1983).

34. H. Romijn, “Are Virtual Photons the Elementary Carriers of Consciousness?”
Journal of Consciousness Studies
9 (2002): 61–81; K. Pribram, “The Neurophysiology of Remembering,”
Scientific American
220 (1969): 75; K. Lashley, “In Search of the Engram,” in
Physiological Mechanisms in Animal Behavior
(New York: Academic Press, 1950), 454–82; K. Pribram,
Languages of the Brain
(Monterey, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 1977), 123.

35. S. Hameroff and R. Penrose, “Orchestrated Reduction of Quantum Coherence in Brain Microtubules,” in
Proceedings of the International Neural Network Society, Washington DC
(Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1995), 793–812; D. Zohar,
The Quantum Self: Human Nature and Consciousness Defined by the New Physics
(New York: William Morrow, 1990).

36. Zeilinger,
Einsteins Schleier
[Einstein’s Veil].

37. Stapp,
Mind,
266; W. James,
The Principles of Psychology
(1890; reprint, New York: Dover, 1950); W. Heisenberg,
Physics and Beyond
(New York: Harper & Row, 1971); J. von Neumann,
Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Theory
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1955).

38. B. Misra and E. C. G. Sudarshan, “The Zeno’s Paradox in Quantum Theory,”
Journal of Mathematical Physics
18 (1977): 756–63; James,
Principles of Psychology;
Von Neumann,
Mathematical Foundations.

Chapter 12: The Brain and Consciousness

1. D. J. Chalmers, “Consciousness and Its Place in Nature,” in
Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002); see also http://consc.net/papers/nature.html.

2. Chalmers, “Consciousness” K. Popper and J. C. Eccles,
The Self and Its Brain
(New York: Springer, 1977).

3. D. Dennett,
Consciousness Explained
(Boston and London: Little, Brown, 1991).

4. J. C. Eccles,
Evolution of the Brain, Creation of the Self
(London and New York: Routledge, 1989), 241.

5. F. van Eeden,
Studies: Tweede Reeks
[Studies, Second Volume] (Amsterdam: W. Versluys, 1894), 321.

6. Quoted in F. D. Peat,
Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm
(New York: Addison-Wesley, 1996).

7. F. van Eeden,
Studies: Eerste Reeks
[Studies, First Volume] (Amsterdam: W.Versluys, 1897), 226.

8. T. S. Kuhn,
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962).

9. R. Strassman,
DMT, The Spirit Molecule: A Doctor’s Revolutionary Research into the Biology of Near-Death and Mystical Experiences
(Rochester, VT: Park Street Press, 2001); D. Bohm and B. J. Hiley,
The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Interpretation of Quantum Physics
(London and New York: Routledge, 1995).

10. P. van Lommel, “About the Continuity of Our Consciousness,”
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
550 (2004): 115–32; P. van Lommel, “Near-Death Experience, Consciousness and the Brain: A New Concept About the Continuity of Our Consciousness Based On Recent Scientific Research on Near-Death Experience in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest,”
World Futures: The Journal of General Evolution
62(2006): 134–51. The term
phase space
has been replaced by the (more widely accepted) term
nonlocal space,
and the term
informative fields of consciousness
has been replaced by
nonlocal consciousness
because nonlocal phenomena should not really be described as a field. But the theoretical underpinnings of my vision have remained unchanged.

11. H. Walach and R. Hartmann, “Complementarity Is a Useful Concept for Consciousness Studies: A Reminder,”
Neuroendocrinology Letters
21 (2000): 221–32.

12. A visual evoked potential is a registered change in electrical activity in the EEG caused by a visual stimulation like a flash of light.

13. F. Thaheld, “Biological Nonlocality and the Mind-Brain Interaction Problem: Comments on a New Empirical Approach,”
BioSystems
2209 (2003): 1–7; J. Grinberg-Zylberbaum et al., “Human Communication and the Electrophysiological Activity of the Brain,”
Subtle Energies and Energy Medicine
3, no. 3 (1993): 25–43; J. Grinberg-Zylberbaum, M. Deflafor, and A. Goswami, “The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox in the Brain: The Transferred Potential,”
Physics Essays
7, no. 4 (1994): 422–28. For the replication of the results, see J. Wackermann et al, “Correlations Between Electrical Activities of Two Spatially Separated Human Subjects,”
Neuroscience Letters
336 (2003): 60–64; D. Radin, “Event-Related Electroencephalographic Correlations Between Isolated Human Subjects,”
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
10 (2004): 315–23; L. J. Standish et al., “Electroencephalographic Evidence of Correlated Event-Related Signals Between the Brain of Spatially and Sensory Isolated Subjects,”
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
10, no. 2 (2004): 307–14. For fMRI evidence of nonlocal entanglement, see L. J. Standish et al., “Evidence of Correlated Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signals Between Distant Human Brains,”
Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
9, no. 1 (2003): 128; T. L. Richards et al., “Replicable Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence of Correlated Brain Signals Between Physically and Sensory Isolated Subjects,”
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
11, no. 6 (2005): 955–63. For the study involving a healer, see J. Achterberg et al., “Evidence for Correlations Between Distant Intentionality and Brain Function in Recipients: An fMRI Analysis,”
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
11, no. 6 (2005): 965–71. For the recent study using laser stimulation, see R. Pizzi et al., “Non-local Correlation Between Human Neural Networks,” in
Quantum Information and Computation II: Proceedings of SPIE 5436,
ed. E. Donkor, A. R. Pirick, and H. E. Brandt (SPIE—the International Society for Optical Engineering, 2004), 107–17, http://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/dbt/dbt.jsp?KEY=PSISDG&Volume=5436&Issue=1&bproc=stia&scode=SIP10.

14. R. Penrose,
Shadows of the Mind
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).

15. Strassman,
DMT, the Spirit Molecule.

16. H. Romijn, “Are Virtual Photons the Elementary Carriers of Consciousness?”
Journal of Consciousness Studies
9 (2002): 61–81.

17. Romijn, “Virtual Photons.”

18. B. Misra and E. C. G. Sudarshan, “The Zeno’s Paradox in Quantum Theory,”
Journal of Mathematical Physics
18 (1977): 756–63.

19. P. J. Marcer and W. Schempp, “Model of the Neuron Working by Quantum Holography,”
Informatica
21, no. 3 (1997): 519–34; P. J. Marcer and W. Schempp, “The Brain as a Conscious System,”
International Journal of General Systems
27, no. 11 (1998): 231–48; W. Schempp, “Quantum Holography and Neurocomputer Architectures,”
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
2 (1992): 109–64; W. Schempp,
Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Mathematical Foundations and Applications
(New York: John Wiley, 1997).

20. G. S. Engel et al., “Evidence for Wavelike Energy Transfer Through Quantum Coherence in Photosynthetic Systems,”
Nature
446 (2007): 782–86.

21. B. Julsgaard et al., “Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Memory for Light,”
Nature
432 (2004): 482–85; D. N. Matsukevich and A. Kuzmich, “Quantum State Transfer Between Matter and Light,”
Science
306 (2004): 663–66; T. Chaneliere et al., “Storage and Retrieval of Single Photons Transmitted Between Remote Quantum Memories,”
Nature
480 (2005): 833–36.

22. H. P. Hu and M. X. Wu, “Nonlocal Effects of Chemical Substances on the Brain Produced Through Quantum Entanglement,”
Progress in Physics
3 (2006): 20–26; H. P. Hu and M. X. Wu, “Photon Induced Non-Local Effects of General Anesthetics on the Brain,”
NeuroQuantology
4, no. 1 (2006): 17–31.

Chapter 13: The Continuity of the Changing Body

1. M. Ridley,
Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters
(New York: Harper Collins, 2000).

2. R. N. Mantegna et al., “Linguistic Features of Non-coding DNA Sequences,”
Physical Review Letters
73 (1994): 31–69.

3. R. Robinson, “Ciliate Genome Sequence Reveals Unique Features of a Model Eukaryote,”
Public Library of Science Biology
4, no. 9 (2006).

4. J. Lederberg, “The Meaning of Epigenetics,”
The Scientist
15, no. 18 (2001): 6; M. Esteller, “How Epigenetics Affect Twins,”
The Scientist
6, no. 1 (2005): 20050707–02; G. S. Baldwin et al., “DNA Double Helices Recognize Mutual Sequence Homology in a Protein Free Environment,”
Journal of Physical Chemistry B
112, no. 4 (2008): 1060–64.

5. S. Y. Berkovich,
On the “Barcode” Functionality of the DNA, or the Phenomenon of Life in the Physical Universe
(Pittsburgh: Dorrance Publishing, 2003); Mantegna et al., “Linguistic Features.”

6. E. Schrödinger,
What Is Life?
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1944); P. J. Marcer and W. Schempp, “A Mathematically Specified Template for DNA and the Genetic Code in Terms of the Physically Realisable Processes of Quantum Holography,”
Proceedings of the Greenwich Symposium on Living Computers,
ed. A. M. Fedorec and P. J. Marcer (London: University of Greenwich, 1996), 45–62.

7. S. Hameroff, “Quantum Computing in DNA,”
The New Frontier in Brain/Mind Science,
http://www.quantumconsciousness.org/views/QuantumComputingInDNA.html

8. A. G. Gurwitsch, “Die Natur des spezifischen Erregers der Zellteilung” [The Nature of Specific Agents of Cell Division],
Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsmechanik
[Archives of Microscopic Anatomy and Developmental Biology] 100 (1923–24): 11–40; M. Bischof,
Biophotonen—Das Licht, das unsere Zellen steuert
[Biophotons—The Light Directing Our Cells], 11th ed. (Frankfurt: Verlag Zweitausendeins, 2001). The web site http://www.marcobischof.com contains a number of English articles on the subject. See also F.-A. Popp and L. V. Beloussov, eds.,
Integrative Biophysics: Biophotonics
(Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2003).

9. M. Bischof, “Biophotons—the Light in Our Cells,”
Journal of Optometric Phototherapy
(March 2005), 1–5; Bischof,
Biophotonen;
R. van Wijk, “Bio-photons and Bio-communication,”
Journal of Scientific Exploration
15, no. 2 (2001): 183–97.

10. In geometry, a hyperbola is a two-dimensional figure, a conic section, formed by the intersection of a cone by a plane, intersecting both halves of the cone. A nonlinear, hyperbolic reaction is specific for a quantum process. See H. Romijn, “Are Virtual Photons the Elementary Carriers of Consciousness?”
Journal of Consciousness Studies
9 (2002): 61–81; Bischof,
Biophotonen;
Bischof, “Biophotons” G. S. Engel et al., “Evidence for Wavelike Energy Transfer Through Quantum Coherence in Photosynthetic Systems,”
Nature
446 (2007): 782–86.