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INDEX

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abacost
, 352, 355, 381, 387, 388, 528

Abako (Alliance des Bakongo), 215, 232–33, 235, 238, 239, 241, 243, 247–48, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 264

Abandi, René, 518, 520, 522, 523

ABIR (Anglo-Belgian Indian Rubber Company), 86–87

Abyssinia (Ethiopia), 181, 183, 185, 200

Accra Conference (1958), 245

Adapes (Association des Anciens Eléves des Pères de Scheut), 215, 230

Adoula, Cyrille, 223–24, 281, 315, 319, 325, 336

AFDL (Alliance des Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération), 434–35, 437, 466, 516

    and First Congo War, 418–26, 430, 439

    and Second Congo War, 443, 446

Afonso I, Kongo king, 21–22

Africa:

    Africa for Africans, 234

    and China, 528, 530

    and Cold War, 298, 371, 556

    colonization of, 37–38, 46, 51–55, 61

    decolonization of, 233–34, 241, 245, 255, 256, 298, 365, 371, 373

    exploration of, 33–36, 40

    Great War of,
see
Second Congo War

    humans split from primates in, 16–17

    mapping of, 40

    nuclear technology in, 190

    Pan-Africanism, 180, 245, 273, 299

    scramble for, 53–54, 59–60, 298, 376, 456, 529

    slave trade in,
see
slave trade

    stone tools in, 17, 19

    and World War I, 131–35, 440

    and World War II, 183-89, 440; map,
184

African Jazz, 219, 258

African pride, 348–49

African Union, 467, 524

Afro-Asian summit (1955), 233

agriculture, 19–20, 349

    abandonment of, 94, 206, 207, 358

    crops, 19, 23, 126, 137, 156, 293, 334;
see also
specific crops

    
cultures obligatoires
(mandatory state crops), 137, 141, 164

    manual laborers, 126–27

    plantations, 126, 191, 293, 357

    and
Salongo
, 344

    slash-and-burn, 23

Albert I, king of Belgium, 105, 108, 125, 126, 151, 222

Alesh (rapper), 511

Algeria, 233, 241, 258, 337

Ali, Mohammad, 174, 335, 346–48, 360–62, 481

Alphonse, Monsieur d’, 154–55, 158

alternative electrical energy, 119

al-Zubayr, 31, 32, 38, 80

Amani process, 517

American Baptist Missionary Union, 48

Amnesty International, 383, 386

Amuteb, Anne Mutosh, 310–11, 316

Anany, Jérôme, 336

ANC (Armée Nationale Congolaise), 287, 318, 324–25, 340–41

    corruption in, 370–71, 470

    military uprising of, 371–72

    uselessness of, 312, 372, 373, 396

Angola, 16, 369, 376, 525

    and border conflicts, 60, 371

    and Kabila, 431, 466, 524

    as Portuguese colony, 258, 311

    and Second Congo War, 444–45

    trade with China, 526

Anioto society (leopard people), 154

Antarctica, 40

anthropology, 111, 112, 139

anti-imperialism, 234

Antwerp Institute for Tropical Medicine, 106

Antwerp World’s Fair (1885), 64

Anversoise company, 86, 87

Apolline, Sister, 211

Arab campaigns, 80–81

Armée de l’Eternel, 317–18

Armée Populaire de la Libération, 324

Arzoni, 355, 381

Association Internationale Africaine (AIA), 41, 51, 54–55, 99, 102

Association Internationale du Congo (AIC), 54–55, 58, 63

Association Sportive Congolaise, 174

atoxyl, 107, 109

Bahuti, Pastor Léonard, 489

Bain, Alexander L., 48

Baker, Samuel, 40

Bakongo, 13, 112, 215, 230, 232, 252

Balot, Maximilien, 162–63

Baluba, 13, 111, 112, 175, 215, 302, 303, 312, 315–16

Balubakat (Baluba of Katanga), 251, 254, 264

Bamba, Émmanuel, 336

Bandio, 29, 30, 31

Bandung Conference (1955), 233

Bangala, 46, 76, 111, 215, 230, 232, 252

Ban Ki-moon, 524

Bantu languages, 14, 32, 112, 284, 350

Bantu migration, 19

Bantu people, and Mai-mai, 411

Banyamulenge, 412–13, 436, 439, 446

Banyarwanda, 411–13, 521

Baptist Missionary Society, 47, 48, 102

Baroza, Tino, 219

Bas-Congo, 8, 14, 15, 127, 137, 147, 153, 241, 506

    Europeans in, 145–46

    and independence, 253, 264

    native unrest in, 163, 251

Bashir, Omar al-, 528, 531

Bata (retail shoe chain), 359

Batambatamba, 41–42, 45, 82

Battling Siki, 347

Baudouin, king of Belgium, 224–25, 229, 232, 240, 243, 250, 254, 268, 269–71, 274, 277, 278, 283, 288, 295, 301, 497

Beko, 486–88, 492

Belgian Congo, 57, 97, 103–40, 215

    administration of, 105–6, 108, 211, 214, 263, 283, 285, 343

    Belgian nationals in, 203–5, 233–34, 249, 259

    cities in, 164–68

    Colonial Charter, 104–5

    Colonial Council, 105

    concessionaires in, 120

    currency in, 127–28

    decolonization of, 227–29, 238, 246, 395

    duration of, 11, 104

    economy of, 120–21, 156–57, 191, 234, 260–63

    elections, 234–35, 238–39, 256, 263–65

    ethnographers in, 110–16

    gradual change in, 204, 214, 217–18, 227, 230–32, 234, 255

    and independence, 11, 228, 233–34, 236, 242, 246, 247–51, 262–66;
see also
First Republic of Congo

    independence date, 254–56, 257–59

    industrialization in, 125–26, 127, 191

    infrastructure of, 120, 203

    interwar years, 141–80

    life expectancy in, 207

    local chieftains in, 108

    mining in, 118–25, 137, 156

    native expectations in, 259–60, 270

    native unrest in, 160, 161–63, 205, 206–7, 247–50, 253, 255, 266

    New Year’s reception (1959), 246–47, 248, 249, 256

    people’s movement restricted in, 107–10, 112, 113, 116–19, 129

    political parties in, 251–55, 260, 264

    poverty in, 206–7

    proletarianization in, 125–27

    public executions in, 160–61

    public health in, 106–10, 139, 164, 191, 193

    round-table conferences (1960), 256–59, 260–63, 275, 345

    spies in, 152–53

    taxation in, 120, 128, 156–57, 159, 161

    ten-year plan, 203, 206, 231

    workers in, 213–14

    and World War I, 108, 129-40, 201; map,
132

    and World War II, 136, 182–99, 201

Belgian-Congolese Community, 202–3, 205, 246, 253

Belgian-Congolese dispute, 329

Belgium:

    and Belgian Congo,
see
Belgian Congo