Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (643 page)

Archaeological material (including not only the more visible finds and environmental material but also context matrix and other components) that has moved from where it was first deposited as a result of subsequent human activity or natural phenomena. Secondary contexts may well include residual material from a number of
PRIMARY CONTEXTS
.

 
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See
RETOUCH
.

 
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General term, now discredited, developed by Stuart
PIGGOTT
in 1954 to refer to the late Neolithic cultures of the British Isles which he believed to be the result of local indigenous Mesolithic traditions merging with those of the primary immigrant Neolithic communities. Piggott's Secondary Neolithic was characterized by cultures using
PETERBOROUGH WARE
and
RINYO-CLACTON WARE
.

 
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An explanatory model published in 1981 by Andrew Sherratt to account for a series of changes in the later Neolithic material culture and subsistence base in central and northern Europe. Sherratt took the changes to indicate a fundamental shift away from flood-plain agriculture towards a reliance on domestic livestock, especially their ‘secondary’ products such as traction power for wheeled vehicles and ploughs, wool, and milk.

 
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RETOUCH
.

 
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In Egypt covering the 14th to the 17th dynasties,
c.
1750–1500 bc.

 
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