Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (347 page)

King of Scotland of the House of Stewart from 1488. Born 1473, son of James III. Married Margaret Tudor , daughter of Henry VII of England. Killed in battle in 1513 aged 40, having reigned 25 years.

 
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King of Scotland of the House of Stewart from 1513. Born 1512, son of James IV. Married (1) Madeleine , daughter of Francis I of France; (2) Mary of Lorraine, daughter of the duc de Guise . Died in 1542 aged 30, having reigned 29 years.

 
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The first permanent English settlement in America, founded in ad 1607 by 105 settlers, on the James River about 24km inland from Chesapeake Bay. Originally, the town was the capital of Virginia. The early settlers lived off fishing, small-scale farming of maize, squash, and pumpkin, and trading with local aboriginal Indian communities. Some staples were imported from England. At first houses were timber-framed with wattle-and-daub walls and thatched roofs. Later, baked clay bricks were used for walling. Pottery and glassmaking also became local industries. The town had its troubles, however, with attacks by Indians, famine, fire, and civil strife. It was built in an unhealthy location and, once established, many of the planters preferred to live on their estates. Jamestown went into decline in the 18th century after Williamsburg became the capital of the colony. The US National Park Service took over the site in 1934, and in 1954–6 a major programme of excavations was carried out by J. L. Cotter in anticipation of the 350th anniversary of the site's foundation.
[Rep.: J. L. Cotter , 1958,
Archaeological excavations at Jamestown, Virginia
. Washington, DC: US Department of the Interior]

 
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English queen of the House of Tudor in 1553. Born 1537, daughter of Frances , daughter of Mary Tudor , the younger sister of Henry VIII, and Henry Grey , duke of Suffolk. Married Lord Guildford Dudley , son of the duke of Northumberland. Deposed July 1553, and executed February 1554 aged 16, having reigned nine days.

 
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South American farming cultures found in the Lower and Middle Amazon areas of Amazonia and tentatively dated to
c.
ad 500–700. Characterized by their ceramic assemblages which belong to the Incised Rim Horizon Style of the Amazon basin.

 
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A vessel with a constriction at the neck whose width is usually less than its height. It is convenient also to distinguish wide-mouthed, medium-mouthed, and narrow-mouthed jars. This term in general excludes
FLAGONS
and
BEAKERS
.

 
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