Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (150 page)
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Authors: Timothy Darvill
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classical temple
[MC].
[MC].
A substantial ceremonial building constructed in Graeco-Roman styles of architecture for the worship or veneration of the gods and goddesses of the Graeco-Roman pantheon. Such temples comprise a platform or podium on which stood a
CELLA
fronted by a pronaos or vestibule with a colonnaded portico. The portico is usually approached by a stepped face to the podium. The cella may be surrounded by a colonnade forming the outside edge of the temple structure. Such temples are typically set within a sacred precinct or temenos. Widely constructed in the central Mediterranean region, examples were built throughout the Roman empire during the late 1st and early 2nd millennia
bc
.
CELLA
fronted by a pronaos or vestibule with a colonnaded portico. The portico is usually approached by a stepped face to the podium. The cella may be surrounded by a colonnade forming the outside edge of the temple structure. Such temples are typically set within a sacred precinct or temenos. Widely constructed in the central Mediterranean region, examples were built throughout the Roman empire during the late 1st and early 2nd millennia
bc
.
classification
[Th].
[Th].
The ordering of archaeological data into groups (e.g. categories, classes, types) using various ordering systems.
Monothetic classification
is based on all the defined attributes being present all the time before something is accepted as part of a defined group.
Polythetic classification
allows overlapping subsets of attributes to be used in defining membership of a defined class.
Monothetic classification
is based on all the defined attributes being present all the time before something is accepted as part of a defined group.
Polythetic classification
allows overlapping subsets of attributes to be used in defining membership of a defined class.
classis Britannica
[De].
[De].
Literally Latin for ‘the British fleet’; the Roman navy fleet based at Boulogne and perhaps other ports on the channel coast that patrolled the English Channel from the 1st through to the 4th century
ad
and which was active in transporting supplies and military personnel and equipment along and across the Channel.
ad
and which was active in transporting supplies and military personnel and equipment along and across the Channel.
clast
[De].
[De].
A geological term used to describe an individual component within a body of sediment that is applied in archaeology especially with reference to components of a deposit that have been introduced (clastic inclusions). Thus archaeological objects are clasts within a sediment matrix and tempering agents are large clasts within a clay matrix.
Claudian(us) , Claudius
[Na].
[Na].
An Alexandrine Greek poet who came to Rome before ad 395 and whose Latin eulogies in honour of courtiers led to his position as court poet to
HONORIUS
and propagandist of
STILICHO
. His political poems provide evidence for events about the year ad 400. Died
c.
ad 404.
HONORIUS
and propagandist of
STILICHO
. His political poems provide evidence for events about the year ad 400. Died
c.
ad 404.
Claudius
[Na].
[Na].
Roman emperor, ad 41–54.
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