Complete Works of Lewis Carroll (252 page)

September 27th and 28th are marked in his Diary "with a white stone":—

Sept.
27th.—Dies notandus.
Discovered rule for dividing a number by 9, by mere addition and subtraction.
I felt sure there must be an analogous one for 11, and found it, and proved first rule by algebra, after working about nine hours!

Sept.
28th.—Dies cretâ notandus.
I have actually
superseded
the rules discovered yesterday!
My new rules require to ascertain the 9—remainder, and the 11—remainder, which the others did
not
require; but the new ones are much the quickest.
I shall send them to
The Educational Times
, with date of discovery.

On November 4th he wrote:—

Completed a rule for dividing a given number by any divisor that is within 10 of a power of 10, either way.
The
principle
of it is not my discovery, but was sent me by Bertram Collingwood—a rule for dividing by a divisor which is within 10 of a power of 10,
below
it.

My readers will not be surprised to learn that only eight days after this he had superseded his rule:—

An inventive morning!
After waking, and before I had finished dressing, I had devised a new and much neater form in which to work my Rules for Long Division, and also decided to bring out my "Games and Puzzles," and Part iii.
of "Curiosa Mathematica," in
Numbers
, in paper covers, paged consecutively, to be ultimately issued in boards.

On November 20th he spent the day in London, with the object of seeing "The Little Minister" at the Haymarket.
"A beautiful play, beautifully acted," he calls it, and says that he should like to see it "again and again."
He especially admired the acting of Mrs.
Cyril Maude (Miss Winifred Emery) as Lady Babbie.
This was the last theatrical performance he ever witnessed.

He apparently kept rough notes for his Diary, and only wrote it up every few weeks, as there are no entries at all for 1898, nor even for the last week of 1897.
The concluding page runs as follows:—

Dec.
(W.) 10 a.m.
—I am in my large room, with no fire, and open window—temperature 54°.

Dec.
17 (F.).
—Maggie [one of his sisters], and our nieces Nella and Violet, came to dinner.

Dec.
19 (Sun.).
—Sat up last night till 4 a.m., over a tempting problem, sent me from New York, "to find 3 equal rational-sided rt.-angled
triangles
."
I found
two
, whose sides are 20, 21, 29; 12, 35, 37; but could not find
three
.

Dec.
23(Th.).
—I start for Guildford by the 2.7 today.

As my story of Lewis Carroll's life draws near its end, I have received some "Stray Reminiscences" from Sir George Baden-Powell, M.P., which, as they refer to several different periods of time, are as appropriate here as in any other part of the book.
The Rev.
E.H.
Dodgson, referred to in these reminiscences, is a younger brother of Lewis Carroll's; he spent several years of his life upon the remote island of Tristan d'Acunha, where there were only about seventy or eighty inhabitants besides himself.
About once a year a ship used to call, when the island-folk would exchange their cattle for cloth, corn, tea, &c., which they could not produce themselves.
The island is volcanic in origin, and is exposed to the most terrific gales; the building used as a church stood at some distance from Mr.
Dodgson's dwelling, and on one occasion the wind was so strong that he had to crawl on his hands and knees for the whole distance that separated the two buildings.

My first introduction (writes Sir George Baden-Powell) to the author of "Through the Looking-Glass" was about the year 1870 or 1871, and under appropriate conditions!
I was then coaching at Oxford with the well-known Rev.
E.
Hatch, and was on friendly terms with his bright and pretty children.
Entering his house one day, and facing the dining-room, I heard mysterious noises under the table, and saw the cloth move as if some one were hiding.
Children's legs revealed it as no burglar, and there was nothing for it but to crawl upon them, roaring as a lion.
Bursting in upon them in their strong-hold under the table, I was met by the staid but amused gaze of a reverend gentleman.
Frequently afterwards did I see and hear "Lewis Carroll" entertaining the youngsters in his inimitable way.

We became friends, and greatly did I enjoy intercourse with him over various minor Oxford matters.
In later years, at one time I saw much of him, in quite another
rôle
—namely that of ardent sympathy with the, as he thought, ill-treated and deserted islanders of Tristan d'Acunha.
His brother, it will be remembered, had voluntarily been left at that island with a view to ministering to the spiritual and educational needs of the few settlers, and sent home such graphic accounts and urgent demands for aid, that "Lewis Carroll" spared no pains to organise assistance and relief.
At his instance I brought the matter before Government and the House of Commons, and from that day to this frequent communication has been held with the islanders, and material assistance has been rendered them—thanks to the warm heart of "Lewis Carroll."

On December 23, 1897, as the note in his Diary states, he went down, in accordance with his usual custom, to Guildford, to spend Christmas with his sisters at the Chestnuts.
He seemed to be in his ordinary health, and in the best of spirits, and there was nothing to show that the end was so near.

THE CHESTNUTS, GUILDFORD.

At Guildford he was hard at work upon the second part of his "Symbolic Logic," spending most of the day over this task.
This book, alas!
he was not destined to finish, which is the more to be regretted as it will be exceedingly difficult for any one else to take up the thread of the argument, even if any one could be found willing to give the great amount of time and trouble which would be needed.

On January 5th my father, the Rev.
C.S.
Collingwood, Rector of Southwick, near Sunderland, died after a very short illness.
The telegram which brought Mr.
Dodgson the news of this contained the request that he would come at once.
He determined to travel north the next day—but it was not to be so.
An attack of influenza, which began only with slight hoarseness, yet enough to prevent him from following his usual habit of reading family prayers, was pronounced next morning to be sufficiently serious to forbid his undertaking a journey.
At first his illness seemed a trifle, but before a week had passed bronchial symptoms had developed, and Dr.
Gabb, the family physician, ordered him to keep his bed.
His breathing rapidly became hard and laborious, and he had to be propped up with pillows.
A few days before his death he asked one of his sisters to read him that well-known hymn, every verse of which ends with 'Thy Will be done.'
To another he said that his illness was a great trial of his patience.
How great a trial it must have been it is hard for us to understand.
With the work he had set himself still uncompleted, with a sense of youth and joyousness, which sixty years of the battle of life had in no way dulled, Lewis Carroll had to face death.
He seemed to know that the struggle was over.
"Take away those pillows," he said on the 13th, "I shall need them no more."
The end came about half-past two on the afternoon of the 14th.
One of his sisters was in the room at the time, and she only noticed that the hard breathing suddenly ceased.
The nurse, whom she summoned, at first hoped that this was a sign that he had taken a turn for the better.
And so, indeed, he had—he had passed from a world of incompleteness and disappointment, to another where God is putting his beautiful soul to nobler and grander work than was possible for him here, where he is learning to comprehend those difficulties which used to puzzle him so much, and where that infinite Love, which he mirrored so wonderfully in his own life, is being revealed to him "face to face."

In accordance with his expressed wish, the funeral was simple in the extreme—flowers, and flowers only, adorned the plain coffin.
There was no hearse to drag it up the steep incline that leads to the beautiful cemetery where he lies.
The service was taken by Dean Paget and Canon Grant, Rector of Holy Trinity and S.
Mary's, Guildford.
The mourners who followed him in the quiet procession were few—but the mourners who were not there, and many of whom had never seen him—who shall tell
their
number?

After the grave had been filled up, the wreaths which had covered the coffin were placed upon it.
Many were from "child-friends" and bore such inscriptions as "From two of his child-friends"—"To the sweetest soul that ever looked with human eyes," &c.
Then the mourners left him alone there—up on the pleasant downs where he had so often walked.

A marble cross, under the shadow of a pine, marks the spot, and beneath his own name they have engraved the name of "Lewis Carroll," that the children who pass by may remember their friend, who is now—himself a child in all that makes childhood most attractive—in that "Wonderland" which outstrips all our dreams and hopes.

I cannot forbear quoting from Professor Sanday's sermon at Christ Church on the Sunday after his death:—

The world will think of Lewis Carroll as one who opened out a new vein in literature, a new and a delightful vein, which added at once mirth and refinement to life....
May we not say that from our courts at Christ Church there has flowed into the literature of our time a rill, bright and sparkling, health-giving and purifying, wherever its waters extend?

LEWIS CARROLL'S GRAVE.

From a photograph
.

On the following Sunday Dean Paget, in the course of a sermon on the "Virtue of Simplicity," said:—

We may differ, according to our difference of taste or temperament, in appraising Charles Dodgson's genius; but that that great gift was his, that his best work ranks with the very best of its kind, this has been owned with a recognition too wide and spontaneous to leave room for doubt.
The brilliant, venturesome imagination, defying forecast with ever-fresh surprise; the sense of humour in its finest and most naïve form; the power to touch with lightest hand the undercurrent of pathos in the midst of fun; the audacity of creative fancy, and the delicacy of insight—these are rare gifts; and surely they were his.
Yes, but it was his simplicity of mind and heart that raised them all, not only in his work but in his life, in all his ways, in the man as we knew him, to something higher than any mere enumeration of them tells: that almost curious simplicity, at times, that real and touching child-likeness that marked him in all fields of thought, appearing in his love of children and in their love of him, in his dread of giving pain to any living creature, in a certain disproportion, now and then, of the view he took of things—yes, and also in that deepest life, where the pure in heart and those who become as little children see the very truth and walk in the fear and love of God.