Collapse of Dignity (58 page)

    
formal opinion of,
125

    
opinion from,
129

    
review of charges by,
108

    
ruling on,
126

National Commission for Human Rights (CNDH),
307

    
del Toro, Marco Antonio's presentation of complaint before,
307

National Commission on Human Rights,
141

National Democratic Change (“Cambio Democratico Nacional” in Spanish) (CADENA), creation of,
27
,
314

National Energy Regulatory Commission,
145

National Executives Committee in Section 120 of La Cienega de Nuestra Señora,
14

National Financial Authority,
127

National Heritage, Department of, Gómez, Napoleón, as analyst and researcher,
3

National Miners' Union

    
insistence on fair treatment for laborers,
154

    
political persecution against,
153

National Mining and Metal Workers Union,
217

    
Gómez Urrutia, Napoleón as general secretary of,
17
,
19
,
316

    
May 1960 convention of,
2

“A National Plan for Productivity, Job Generation and Responsible Co-management of the New Mexican Unionism,”
306

National Teachers' Union,
226
,
228

National Union of Mine, Metal, Steel and Allied Workers of the Mexican Republic,
xvii
,
286–287

    
aggression against,
xx

    
founding of,
1

    
Gómez Sada, Napoleón, involvement of, in,
1

National Union of Workers in the Exploration, Exploitation, and Benefit of Mines (SUTEEBM),
208–210
,
247

    
members of, at mercy of company's whims,
210

National University Workers Unions (STUNAM), agreement not to attend Labor Congress,
44

National Women's Front in Struggle for the Dignity of Workers of Mexico and the World, Gómez Urrutia, Oralia as honorary president of,
301

National Workers Union (UNT),
168
,
179

    
agreement not to attend Labor Congress,
44

Nava,
98

Navarro, David,
269

    
complaint against,
272

The Nazis in Mexico (Cedillo),
268

Neoliberal economic model,
149

Neoliberalism,
310

Neoliberal technocrats, invasion of,
153

Neumann, Ken,
108
,
118
,
142
,
290

    
as national director for Canada United Steelworkers Union (USW),
55

New Democratic Party (NDP),
158
,
169

Newman, Paul,
103

NINI,
154

Ninth District Court on Federal Criminal Procedures, denial of money-laundering charges,
136–137

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA),
238

Notimex (news agency),
187

Nueva Rosita, Coahuila,
xvi
,
62
,
98

Nuevo León (town),
126

    
disappointment in leaders,
8

    
Gómez, Napoleón's interest in becoming governor of,
9–10

    
Gómez, Napoleón's tours of,
8

    
invalidation of arrest warrants issued in,
284

    
political situation in,
7

    
state appeals to,
173

Obama, Barack

    
election of,
238

    
visiting site of mine accidents,
280

O'Farrill, Antonio,
106

    
efforts to discredit,
115

O'Farrill, Patricio, efforts to discredit,
115

Operation San Lorenzo,
xv–xvi

Ordinary General Miners' Convention (May, 2008),
180

Organized crime, Calderón, Felipe's war against,
154

Ortega, Armando,
263

Ortiz Elizalde, Benito

    
as enemy of miners,
177

    
expulsion from union,
22

Orwell, George, quote from,
75

Ospina P., Olga,
123

Oxford University,
10

    
Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Arts,
5

    
studies at,
5

Palacio de Hierro (department store chain),
163

Paleta, Cuauhtémoc,
41

    
election of, as second vice president,
43

Partido Acción Nacional (or National Action Party) (PAN),
25
,
179

    
threat of Miners' Union to,
34

Partido de la Revolución Democrática (Democratic Revolutionary Party) (PRD),
24
,
120

Pasta de Conchos (coal mine)

    
approach to rescue at,
68–69

    
bodies abandoned at bottom of,
xvi
,
130
,
307

    
calling off, of rescue efforts,
95

    
collapse of,
53

    
conditions inside of,
xvii
,
51
,
58
,
61
,
65–66
,
77–78
,
80–83
,
87–88

    
creation of commission to investigate cause of explosion,
141

    
dead miners at,
78–79
,
142

    
destruction of railway in,
60–61

    
discovery of bodies in,
106

    
entrance through inclined tunnel to Mine 8 at,
80

    
explosion at,
51
,
53
,
55
,
82
,
131
,
144

    
Grupo México as accountable for,
70
,
96
,
115
,
297

    
guilt of Fox, Vicente, after disaster at mine,
70

    
industrial homicide at,
127

    
inspections of,
84–87

    
insufficiency of ventilation system of,
80

    
Joint Health and Safety Commission at,
54

    
landscape around,
xvi–xvii

    
media's coverage of,
xix
,
70
,
96

    
methane gas in,
xvi
,
80

    
mismanagement of work site,
xviii

    
missing miners at,
53

    
reason for Javier Salazar, Francisco, at,
66–67

    
reinforcement of tunnels in,
82

    
safety deficiencies at,
91

    
shift work in,
89

    
survivors of explosion,
88–89

    
tragedy at,
145

    
union complaint for crimes committed at,
181

    
union members at,
xvii

    
verification visit to,
87

    
years since,
217

Pavón, Carlos,
244–245
,
268
,
297

    
acquittal of,
248

    
arrests of,
268–269

    
betrayal of,
273

    
bribery of,
247

    
complaint against,
272

    
establishment of useless company union and,
269

    
filing of robbery charges against,
248

    
offering of freedom to, for betrayal of Los Mineros,
251

    
as pawn,
267

    
release from prison,
245–246

    
as traitor,
268

Pavón, Héctor,
269

    
complaint against,
269

Peck, Richard C. C.,
288

Pendejo, Fox, Vicente (Mexican president) as,
167–169

Peñoles Miners,
100

Perales, Martín

    
charges brought by,
252

    
as Grupo México lackey,
241

    
signing of pardons by,
293–294

Perez, Francisco, decision not to report to mine on February 18, 2006,
87

Pérez Romo, Gregorio

    
accusations against,
107

    
arrest warrant for,
134

Petroleum Workers' Union,
226

Pichardo, Carolina (Judge),
275

Piedras Negras,
98–101
,
103

    
leaving border town of,
101

Piñera, Sebastián (President)

    
firing of mine officials,
xvii–xviii

    
visit of, to disaster scene,
xvi

Plascencia Villanueva, Raúl,
307

Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, violation of Article 123 of,
91

Political Coordination Board,
277

Political landscape, changes in 2000,
24–25

Pomar, Julio,
224

Portillo, José López (President),
6

Poverty line, citizens living below,
144

Presley, Elvis,
103

Presumption of innocence, nonexistence of, in Mexico,
97

Privatization

    
of Compañía Mexicana de Cananea,
26
,
31

    
of Compañía Mexicana de Cobre,
26
,
31

    
policy of,
144

    
role of family relations and friendships,
146

Proceso magazine,
55
,
190

    
exposure of complicities and aggressions against Miners' Union and its members,
191

Procuraduria General de la República (PGR)

    
appointment of Chávez as attorney general,
283

    
coverage of Grupo México,
262–263

    
desire for Red Notice against Gómez Urrutia, Napoleón,
289

    
neglect in investigating complaint on crimes committed at Pasta de Conchos,
181

    
politicians rise of,
125