Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (191 page)

   at Five Forks,
845

Pierce, Franklin,
179
n

   and Cuba,
107
–10

   and Nicaragua,
112
,
113

   election of,
118
–19

   and Anthony Burns,
119
–20

   and Kansas-Nebraska Act,
122
–23

   and Kansas issue,
147
,
157
,
161

   vetoes by,
155

   and corruption,
225

Pierpont, Francis,
298

Pike, Zebulon,
45

Pillow, Gideon,
400
–401

Pinkerton, Allan,
361
n

Pittsburg Landing, battle of,
see
Shiloh

Pleasant Hill, battle of,
723

Pleasants, Henry,
758
–59

Polk, James K.,
64

   and Mexican War,
4
,
47
–50

   and slavery expansion issue,
51
–52,
54
,
58
,
65

   and Oregon,
53

   and acquisition of Cuba,
104

Polk, Leonidas: occupies Kentucky,
296
,
393

   and battle of Perryville,
519
–20

   dislike of Bragg,
583

   at Chickamauga,
672
,
676

   in Atlanta campaign,
747

   killed,
748

Pollard, Edward A.,
115

Pomeroy, Samuel C.,
714

Pook, Samuel,
393

Pope, John: western campaigns of,
402
,
415
,
416
,
488

   transferred to Virginia,
488

   unpopular orders there,
501
,
524

   and 2nd Bull Run,
525
–33

   evaluation of,
857

Popular sovereignty: origins of,
58
–59,
62
,
63

   and Compromise of 1850,
76

   and Kansas-Nebraska Act,
123
–24,
128

   and Dred Scott case,
176
,
177
–78

   and Freeport doctrine,
183
–84

Populist movement,
453

Port Gibson, battle of,
629

Port Hudson, Union capture of,
637
–38,
668
,
683
,
703
,
769

Port Republic, battle of,
458
,
460

Port Royal, battle of,
371

Porter, David Dixon: in Vicksburg campaign,
586
–88,
627

   and battle of Fort Fisher,
820

   escorts Lincoln to Richmond,
846

Porter, Fitz-John: in Seven Days' battles,
463
–67,
470

   and John Pope,
524

   at 2nd Bull Run,
528
–29,
531
,
533

   cashiered,
529
and n

   at Antietam,
543
–44

   on Emancipation Proclamation,
559

Prairie Grove, battle of,
668

Prentiss, Benjamin M,
408
–10

Price, Sterling: commander of Missouri rebel militia,
291
–92

   at Wilson's Creek,
350
–51

   capture of Lexington,
352

   retreats,
353
–54

   at Pea Ridge,
404

   battles of Iuka and Corinth,
515
,
516
,
522
–23,
534

   in Arkansas,
668

   invasion of Missouri in 1864,
784
,
786
–88

Prigg v
.
Pennsylvania
,
78
–79

Prisoners of war, exchange cartel,
791

   breakdown of, over issue of Confederate refusal to exchange black prisoners,
566
–67,
650
,
792
–93,
798
–800

   Confederate treatment of black captives,
793
–96

   conditions in prisons,
796
–98

   controversies about,
800
–802

   mortality of prisoners,
802
and n.
See also
An-dersonville prison

Proslavery argument,
56
–57

   response to
Uncle Tom's Cabin
,
90

   and wage slavery theme,
98
–99

   mudsill theme,
196
–98

Pryor, Roger,
273

Quantrill, William,
292
,
784
,
785

   Lawrence massacre,
786

   death of,
788

Quitman, John, and filibustering,
105
,
106
,
108
–10

Radical Democratic party,
716

Railroads: and antebellum economic growth,
12
–13,
22
,
29
,
31
,
189

   and southern economy,
91
,
93
–95

   and Kansas-Nebraska Act,
121
–22

   issue of transcontinental r.r.,
189
,
193
–94,
220
,
225
,
450
–52

   strategic importance of in war,
287
,
294
,
299
,
512
,
516

   Confederate deficiencies,
318
–19

   vulnerability to guerrilla and cavalry raids,
512
–15

   northern military construction of,
514
–15,
527

   deterioration in South,
619

   rail transfer of Longstreet's divisions to Georgia,
671

   rail transfer of 11th and 12th Corps to Chattanooga,
675

   construction of transcontinental r.r. begins,
818

Rains, George W.,
320
and n

Rawlins, John A.,
588

Raymond, Henry,
610
,
769
–70

Raymond (Miss.), battle of,
630

Read, Thomas B.,
780

Reagan, John,
647

Rebel yell,
344

Reconstruction: Lincoln's 1863 proclamation of amnesty and,
698
–99

   and conflict between Lincoln and radicals,
700
–702,
717

   experiment in Louisiana,
703
–9,
712

   and Wade-Davis bill,
706
,
708

   Lincoln vetoes,
712
–13

   his willingness to compromise with Congress,
843
–44

   Lincoln's last speech on,
851
–52

Rector, Henry,
282

Red River campaign,
722
–23

Reeder, Andrew,
146
–47

Religion: and nativism,
7
,
32
–33,
135

   and slavery,
8
,
88
–91

   and education,
20
–21

   and 1857 Panic,
191
.
See also
Catholics Second Great Awakening

Republican party: and free-labor ideology,
27
–28

   and internal improvements,
29

   constituency of,
30
–31,
805

   on polygamy,
45

   birth of,
126
,
129
,
135
,
140
,
144

   and nativism,
137
–43,
154
–55,
221

   and Kansas,
149
–53

   and black rights,
159
–60,
224
–25,
227

   and slavery during Civil War,
494
,
699

   as war party,
690

   historic achievement of 13th Amendment,
839
–40.
See also
Elections
entries

   Slavery in the territories

Resaca, battle of,
744
–45

Revere, Paul,
316

Reynolds, John,
653
–54

Rhett, Robert Barnwell,
257
,
258
,
835

Richardson, William A.,
121
–22

Richmond: martial law in,
434

   bread riot of 1863 in,
617
–18

   fall of,
846
–47

Richmond
Examiner:
on 1860 election,
232

   on Lee in western Virginia,
302
–3,
462

   urges offensive military strategy,
337

   supports martial law,
434

   denounces "extortion,"
441

   on trading with enemy,
621

   on Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania,
648