A Train in Winter (62 page)
Authors: Caroline Moorehead
Treblinka, 226
Treite, Dr Percival, 256, 266, 301
Triolet, Elsa, 32, 33, 77
Tokyo Convention, Third, 63
Tyszelman, Samuel, 59, 60–1
Ukrainians, 245
UN, 315
Union des Femmes Françaises, L’, 47, 139
Union des Jeunes Filles de France, L’
see
Jeunes Filles de France
Université Libre, L’
, 36–7, 41, 119, 126, 260
Uris, Leon:
Exodus
, 302
US, 227–8
Vaillant-Couturier, Marie-Claude
biographical details, 324
photographs of,
45, 300
background, 45
works for the Resistance, 49, 96
arrest, 3, 97
in Paris Prefecture, 104
moved to La Santé, 105
in La Santé, 105, 106, 120
on the behaviour of prisoners in German custody, 115
permitted to see Dallidet, 118
in Romainville, 152, 154, 155, 157, 158, 162, 165, 168, 172, 174
on the train, 175, 179
on the march towards Auschwitz-Birkenau, 183, 184
in Auschwitz-Birkenau, 190, 196, 197, 198, 211, 215, 218, 221, 225, 228, 229, 230, 232, 234, 241
mentioned in broadcast, 227
sent to Ravensbrück, 241, 251
in Ravensbrück, 247, 252, 253, 266, 267, 268–9, 270, 271, 272, 273, 278, 279, 282–3, 283–4, 285
as witness at Nuremberg, 299–300,
300
life after the war, 304, 305, 315, 324
brief references, 50, 102, 292, 293, 303, 309, 311
Vaillant-Couturier, Paul, 45
Valina, Jean, 147, 148
Valina, Lucien, 137–8, 138–9, 141, 147, 165
Valina, Lucienne, 147, 148
Valina, Marguerite, 137, 138, 141, 147, 148, 165, 166, 297, 340–1
Valina, Serge, 147, 148
Vallat, Xavier, 75
Vandaële, Rolande, 324
van Dam, Reyna, 341
van Dam, Théodora, 341
van der Lee, Jakoba, 175, 176, 189, 199, 341
Varailhon, Alice, 205–6, 341
Vatican, 226
Veil, Simone, 305
Vélodrome d’hiver, 123
Vercors (Jean Brullet), 78
Le Silence de la Mer
, 78, 96, 119
Verdun, Battle of, 11, 14, 194
Verfügbaren
, 248
Véronique (child worker at Beendorf), 258
Vichy, 15, 19, 43, 44, 48, 50, 54, 60, 63, 70, 71, 72, 75, 76, 85, 86, 121, 122, 168, 169, 227, 298, 305
Vienne, River, 86
Vierzon, 85, 171
Vigilance Committee of Intellectual Anti-fascists, 64
Vildé, Boris, 41
Villon, Pierre, 64, 102, 103, 285
Vincent, Ferdinand, 145–6, 147, 148, 150, 297
Viterbo, Alice, 171, 199, 200, 299, 341
Voix des Charentes, La
, 139
Voix des Femmes, La
, 47
V1s, 258
V2s, 258
Vu
magazine, 45
Wahl, André, 88
Walach, Elie, 59
Wannsee conference, 226
War Office: MI9, 91–2
Warsaw, 301
ghetto, 262
Wehrmacht, 70, 81, 109, 111, 151, 164
Weimann, Ruth, 223
Wells, H.G., 22
Winkelmann, Dr Adolf, 256, 269, 301
Wirths, Dr Eduard, 236–7
Wolmark, Charles, 59
women, 43–4, 45, 46, 47–8, 54, 151, 169, 304, 305
Woog, André 62, 101, 118
World Jewish Congress, 279
Zamosc, 219
Zani, Madeleine, 6,
143
, 143–4, 149, 166, 172, 286, 297
Zani, Pierre (Pierrot), 6,
143
, 144, 149,
149
, 292, 311
Zay, Jean, 33
Zyklon B, 186, 241
My thanks, first and foremost, go to the four survivors of the
Convoi
who were kind enough to see and talk to me: Simone Alizon (Poupette), Cécile Borras (Charua), Madeleine Jegouzo (Betty Langlois) and Madeleine Odru Dissoubray. Their long interviews with me and their kind permission to quote from their letters and papers made this book possible. By the same token, I wish to thank Catherine Benainous, Frédéric Blanc, Claude Epaud, Jaunay, Yves Jegouzo, Catherine Kestemberg-Hardenberg, Tony Renaudin, Pierrette Rostaing, Gisèle Sergent Jaffredu, Paul Thévenin, Christine Umido, Michelle Vignac and Pierre Zani for talking to me about their mothers and for letting me see unpublished letters and memoirs. Christiane Fillatre generously talked to me about her sisters, Lulu and Carmen, and Hervé Guillon about his grandparents. Frédéric Blanc very kindly allowed me to read the unpublished diary written by his mother, Simone Sampaix.
In the course of my research I was helped by the following people; I would like to thank them all very much for their time, generosity and encouragement: Michel Bainaud, Rosine Crémieux, Fernand Devaux, Catherine Dubois, Claudine Ducastel, M.R.D. Foot, Trudy Gold, Roger Hommet, Freddy Knoller, Pierre Labate, Gilbert Lazaroo, Christine Levisse-Touzé, Mme Marchelidon, Stefan Martens, André Montagne, Claude-Alice Peyrotte, Marion Quény, Claudine Riera-Collet, Bernard Strebel, Rita Thalmann and Mala Tribich. Claudine Riera-Collet, friend and executor of Charlotte Delbo, gave me advice and kind permission to draw on Delbo’s works.
Much of the material for this book comes from archives held by a wide number of libraries and institutions. I should in particular like to thank the following individuals and the staffs of their libraries: M. Roland-Boisseau and the AFMD in Bordeaux; L’Amicale de Ravensbrück, Paris; M. Laux and the Archives Départementales de la Gironde; Mme LeClerc and the Archives Départementales de Indre-et-Loire; Laurence Bourgade and the Archives Départementales du Val de Marne; Cyrille Lequellec and the Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation; L’Association des Deportés, Internés de la Résistance; L’Association Mémoire Vive des Transports des 45000 et 31000; Mme Rutkowski and the Bibliothèque Polonaise in Paris; Patrick Le Boeuf and the Bibliothèque Nationale, Rue de Richelieu; Arnaud Boulligny and the Bureau des Archives des Victimes des Conflits Contemporains, Caen; CARAN; Le Centre Jean Moulin; Le Comité des Fusillés de Souge; Mme Baron and Mme Micheline of the Fédération Nationale des Déportés et Internés Résistants et Patriots ( ); The Holocaust Survivors Centre, Hendon; Christine Levisse-Touzé and the Mémorial du Maréchal Leclerc de Hautecloque de la Libération de Paris; Le Mémorial de la Shoah in Paris; Wojciech Plosa and Symon Kowalski of the Muzeum Oswiecim-Brzrzinka; the French Ministère de La Défense: the Musée de I’Histoire Vive at Montreuil; Marie-Claire Ruet and the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation, Besançon; Xavier Aumale and the Musée de la Résistance Nationale at Champigny-sur-Marne; the Sikorski Museum, London; Cordula Hundertmark, Monika Herzog and Dr Insa Eschebach of the Ravensbrück archives.
Christina Meier and Monika Liro helped me with the Polish and German research: for which I thank them very much.
And I should like to thank all the friends who, through their hospitality and willingness to travel with me, made this book happen: Catherine and Olivier Beressi, Anne Chisholm, Karin Demorest, Virginia Duigan, Hubert Faure, Annie Nairn, Kathy van Praag, Patricia Williams, Lyn and Carlos Windmann. Ingrid von Rosenberg and Gerd Strechman not only travelled with me to Ravensbrück and Auschwitz but found material that I would never have seen.
Once again, I would warmly like to thank my editors, Jennifer Barth, Poppy Hampson and Penelope Hoare, my agent, Clare Alexander, and Helen Smith for the index.
For the lines from Charlotte Delbo,
Auschwitz and After
, translated by Rosette Lamar, in chapter fifteen, I would like to thank Claudine Riera-Collet and the Charlotte Delbo literary estate.
The lines by Louis Aragon in chapter twelve are from the
Collected Poems
published by Gallimard.
The lines by Paul Éluard in chapter four are from his poem ‘Courage’, from his book
Au Rendez-vous Allemand
, Editions de Minuit, France, 1944. Author’s translation.
CAROLINE MOOREHEAD
is the biographer of Bertrand Russell, Freya Stark, Iris Origo, and Martha Gellhorn. Well known for her work in human rights, she has published a history of the Red Cross and an acclaimed book about refugees,
Human Cargo
. Her previous book was
Dancing to the Precipice
, a biography of Lucie de la Tour du Pin. She lives in London and Italy.
Visit
www.AuthorTracker.com
for exclusive information on your favorite HarperCollins authors.
Dancing to the Precipice: The Life of Lucie de la Tour du Pin, Eyewitness to an Era
The Letters of Martha Gellhorn
(ed.)
Human Cargo: A Journey among Refugees
Gellhorn: A Twentieth-Century Life
Iris Origo: Marchesa of Val d’Orcia
Dunant’s Dream: War, Switzerland and the History of the Red Cross
The Lost Treasures of Troy
Bertrand Russell: A Life
Betrayed: Children in Today’s World
(ed.)
Troublesome People: The Warriors of Pacifism
Over the Rim of the World: Selected Letters
(ed.)
Freya Stark
Sidney Bernstein: A Biography
Fortune’s Hostages: A Study of Kidnapping in the World Today
COVER PHOTOGRAPH BY AKG-IMAGES / ULLSTEIN BILD
COVER DESIGN BY JARROD TAYLOR
The maps were drawn by Reginald Piggott.
A TRAIN IN WINTER. Copyright © 2011 by Caroline Moorehead. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.
FIRST U.S. EDITION
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available upon request.
ISBN: 978-0-06-165070-3
EPub Edition © OCTOBER 2011 ISBN: 9780062097767
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