A Study in Lavender: Queering Sherlock Holmes

Edited by Joseph R.G. DeMarco

Lethe Press

Maple Shade, New Jersey

Copyright © 2011 Joseph R. G. DeMarco

Individual stories copyright © 2011 their authors. all rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilm, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Published in 2011 by Lethe Press, Inc.

118 Heritage Avenue • Maple Shade, NJ 08052-3018

www.lethepressbooks.com • [email protected]

isbn: 1-59021-038-7

isbn-13: 978-1-59021-038-3

These stories are works of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents are products of the authors’ imaginations or are used fictitiously.

Cover design: Alex Jeffers.

Cover art: Dakota Bardy.

ISBN-13: 978-1-59021-038-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)

ISBN-10: 1-59021-038-7

1. Gay men--Fiction. 2. Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character)--Fiction. 3. Watson, John H. (Fictitious character)--Fiction. 4. Private investigators--England--Fiction. 5. Erotic stories, American. I. DeMarco, Joseph R. G.

by Joseph R.G. DeMarco

Is Sherlock Holmes homosexual? Is Watson? Should we even be asking these questions?

Casual readers have wondered. So have scholars. Graham Robb, in his engaging and informative study of gay history,
Strangers: Homosexual Love in the Nineteenth Century
, does not fail to consider the queerness of the Great Detective. Robb seems to believe that anyone thinking Holmes and Watson are not lovers is obtuse if not daft.

Ever since the Great Detective made his first appearance in
A Study in Scarlet
in
Beeton’s Christmas Annual
in 1887, fans have been speculating about Holmes and his life. His popularity with the general public grew with the publication of stories in
The Strand
starting in 1891 and it was that series of stories that really got the guessing game going. Pastiches and parodies began to appear and the world of Holmes expanded beyond Arthur Conan Doyle’s writings.

In a way, the stories lent themselves to speculation through the trail of clues Doyle embedded in them. A trail that a discerning, well-informed reader could immediately follow. The material is clearly there in the Holmes canon, if a reader looks carefully enough. Someone with knowledge of nineteenth-century British history will catch references others might miss. A more detailed knowledge of the sexual habits and scandals of that era will allow a reader to find even more clues woven into the text. With those facts in hand, other, less obtrusive, more seemingly innocent passages will jump out at you. Perhaps some things will even make sense for the first time. The oblique nature of some of the references almost forces a reader to think that Doyle had either placed these hints so that only those in the know would understand, or that he was setting out clues for inveterate readers to collect and decipher.

For example, in Victorian London, the Embankment was a notorious homosexual cruising area near the Thames. In “Five Orange Pips,” one of Holmes’s clients is killed walking on the Embankment and Holmes admits to knowledge of the area, its denizens, and how it is used, though he is never explicit and never explains how he knows of this secret cruising ground.

Other, similar casually inserted references litter the Holmes tales. In “The Hound of the Baskervilles,” his adopting a young “telegraph boy” to help him certainly recalls the Cleveland Street scandals. A brothel located in Cleveland Street, which served aristocratic men and in which boys who worked as telegraph messengers were also prostitutes, came to the attention of the police. The ensuing scandal threatened to out many of England’s aristocrats, including, it is said, Prince Albert Victor, son of the Prince of Wales and second in line to the throne. Needless to say, the scandal was covered up, the aristocrats receiving no penalty, the boys getting off with light sentences (the world never changes).

But the fact that Doyle places a telegraph boy in the service of Holmes, and depicts their relationship as a very strong bond, serves as more than just a stray reference from the times.

Holmes and Watson also have a relationship that Doyle does little to disguise. They not only share rooms on Baker Street, they find their lives intertwined in such a way that one cannot function perfectly without the other. Even when Watson marries (twice and both times without children), he continues visiting and staying with Holmes. Though his second wife is a bit more possessive of his time, he manages weekend visits with Holmes until she’s out of the picture and he is “single” once again.

Holmes and Watson often exchange intimate looks and words, or profess the depth of their feelings or need for each other.

There are other clues. In “The Final Problem,” Holmes, after a particularly nasty incident, asks Watson to go with him to “the continent” where they can avoid certain matters. As anyone familiar with the era knows, the rich and the lucky were able to evade prosecution in England for the crime of homosexuality by fleeing to the continent. After certain arrests, waves of aristocrats and others were found, by whatever means they could secure, leaving England for Italy or France. That’s quite a large clue which Doyle hides in plain sight.

Of course, there are the obvious things about Holmes: he never marries or shows interest in the opposite sex and he and Watson live together in close quarters. But read more carefully and you find that the regard which Holmes and Watson have for each other goes beyond mere friendship. A good example is in “The Adventure of the Three Garridebs.”

Watson is wounded by a miscreant and Holmes is aghast. He rushes to Watson’s side and begs him to say he is not wounded. Then the narrative continues in Watson’s words:

This is no mere friendship. There is love here…on both sides. True, it’s also a symbiotic relationship, with Holmes bringing adventure and Watson bringing a kind of domesticity to the pairing, but there is an undeniable love, as well. Other stories rounding out the canon contain plenty of clues, hints, and subtextual references leading to the inescapable conclusion that Holmes and Watson are more than just roommates.

Writers and fans of Sherlock Holmes have always speculated on every aspect of the Great Detective’s life. His sexual nature was no less a matter of interest than his cocaine use. And, right from the start, writers of every stripe produced parodies of Holmes and Watson. Writers such as Twain, Barrie, and Wodehouse all took their turn at getting in on the fun.

As far as anyone knows, the idea that Holmes might be gay didn’t work its way into the literature until the late twentieth century. One of the earliest books, from 1971,
The Sexual Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
(Larry Townsend), is an erotic work concentrating heavily on sex scenes, though it exhibits grounding in the Holmes canon.

Motion pictures took up the pursuit of Holmes’s personal life and sexual tastes in more than a few films, such as
The Seven Percent Solution
(1976) and
The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes
(1970) (which takes the view that Holmes might be straight, though at one point in the film he does “pretend” to be gay in order to escape from a woman who wants to bed him).

It is not until
Sherlock Holmes
(2009), with Robert Downey, Jr. and Jude Law, that the idea of Holmes and Watson being gay makes it into the mainstream consciousness. Following closely on its heels, the BBC TV production,
Sherlock
(2010), with Benedict Cumberbatch and Martin Freeman, more or less flat out says Holmes is gay. Watson, who knows?

That cat has finally left the bag. The idea that Holmes is gay is ready to take centre stage for a while.

Though some might find the notion a bit much to tolerate, even Sir Arthur Conan Doyle had no objections to what might be done with his most famous creation. The American stage actor William Gillette wrote a play about Holmes in the late 1890s with Doyle’s blessing. Called variously:
Sherlock Holmes
, then
The Strange Case of Miss Faulkner
, then
Sherlock Holmes – A Drama in Four Acts
, it was an immensely popular show though not a critically acclaimed piece of theatre.

During the writing of the play, Gillette, who’d stitched together elements from different Holmes stories, wanted to spice up his work. He cabled Doyle and asked if he could marry off Holmes in the play. Doyle responded, “You may marry him, or murder him, or do whatever you like with him.”

That seems like the definitive permission slip.

This brings us to the collection you hold in your hands.
A Study in Lavender
considers not only the idea that Holmes might be gay, or Watson, or others in the Holmes mythos, but also that the detective might have taken cases which involved gay or lesbian or transgendered clients and handled them with the delicacy, discretion, and intelligence he brought to every other case Watson chronicled.

Most of the tales in this collection take place in the Holmesian/Victorian setting. Most feature Holmes and Watson. Some use other characters as protagonists and merely mention Holmes. Each story will introduce you to new situations and characters, to cases Watson never before even alluded to, and to a Holmesian world that is similar yet different.

We hope all of these adventures will bring a smile to your face, give you some hours of reading pleasure, or make you think about Holmes, or Watson, or even Lestrade in a new way. Perhaps you might be moved to watch again one of the Rathbone and Bruce movies, which in themselves take liberties with Holmes and his world.

A Study in Lavender
is meant to entertain and to open the door on a new approach to Holmes and the world in which he lived.

Enjoy!

Introduction

Table of Contents

The Adventure of the Bloody Coins

The Case of the Wounde
d Heart

The Kidnapping of Alice Braddon