The Talmud (32 page)

Hillel IV
75
–
6

Rabbi Judah
26
–
8

Nathan of Gaza
165
–
8

Nazi Germany
201
–
4

Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon
29

Nehardea
32
–
5
,
37
,
47

New Israel (Dutch Republic)
152
–
3

Nineteen Letters
(Hirsch)
188
–
9

Nissim Gaon
86
–
7

oaths
16

Obadiah, King of Khazaria
90

Old Testament
1
,
72
,
85
,
112
,
136
,
137
,
148
,
149
,
154
,
182
,
208

On the Art of Kabbalah
(Reuchlin)
138

Oral Law
12
–
16
,
19
,
71
–
3
,
136

conflicts
45

recording
22
–
6

see also
Mishnah

oral transmission
51
,
133

Oshry, Rabbi
203

ostracism
45
see also
excommunication

Ottoman Empire
163
–
8
,
190
–
1

page a day study program
see
daf yomi
programme

Parthian Empire
30
,
34

Paul IV, Pope
144
,
145
–
7

Pellican, Conrad
137

pentateuch
see
Torah

People of the Book
1

persecutions
97
–
8

Chmielnicki uprising
163

Crusades
103
–
4

Nazis
201
–
4

Nicholas I of Russia
192
–
3

see also
book burning; censorship

Peter the Venerable, Abbot of Cluny
111
–
12

Pfefferkorn, Josef
137
–
40

Pharisees
15
–
16
,
17
–
21
,
55
,
189

philosophy
74
,
94
,
119
–
20
,
138
,
160
–
2

pilpul
179
–
80

Pinner, Ephraim Moses
193

Pirkoi ben Baboi
62
,
66
,
70
–
3

Plato
44

poets
139

Elchanan, son of Shimon of Mainz
98
–
9

Saadia ben Yosef
78

Spain
88

Poland

blood libel
172
–
3

Hasidism
174
–
6
,
194
–
5

Meir Shapiro
199
–
200

political theory
149
–
53
see also
Zionism

polygamy
99
–
102

Prague
162
–
3

prayer books
67
–
8

Prester John
83

printing
132
–
4

burden of censorship
146

typography
208

the Venetian printers
141
–
5

privileges

conversos
130

the Israel academy
77

Sadducees
15

students
162
–
3

Protestantism
136
–
7
see also
Hebrew Republic

Pugio Fidei adversos Mauros et Judaeos
(Martini)
124
–
6

Pumbedita
47

quantum theory
213

Qumran
60

rabbis

biographical details
47
–
8

questions and answers
67
–
71

social responsibilities
44
–
7
,
61
–
3

Rabennu Tam
106

Rabina
49

Ramban
122
–
4

ransom
125
–
6

Ranters (religious sect)
167

Rashbam
105

Rashi
3
,
102
–
4
,
105
,
134
,
143
,
208

Rashi script
3

rationalism
119
–
20
,
161
see also
humanism; scholasticism

Rav (Abba Arikha)
33
,
35
,
42
,
43

rebellions
22

Chmielnicki uprising
163
–
5

Mazdak uprising
49

Reformed Judaism
185
–
90
,
195
–
7
see also
Haskalah

refugees, second world war
203
–
4

religious differences, tolerance of

Bomberg’s printing house
143

Islam
58
–
63

Spain
88

remote communities
55
,
182
,
189

republicanism
149
–
53

responsa
67
–
71
,
80

Reuchlin, Johannes
137
–
40

Rhineland
96
–
107

ritual slaughter
201

Rohling, August
193
–
4

Roman Empire
15
–
16

destruction of the Temple
17
–
19

Jewish rebellions
22

Rothenburg
125

Rudolph I, Habsburg Emperor
125
–
6

Saadia ben Yosef (Gaon)
58
,
74
–
8
,
126

Sabbateans
163
–
71
see also
millenarianism

Sabbath
10

conversos
130

law on the killing of lice and fleas
159
–
60

Nazi Germany
201

sacrifices
21
,
25
,
27
,
93

Sadducees
15
–
18
,
55
,
71

Salanter, Israel
195

Salmon ben Jeroham
75

Sambatyon (mythical river)
82
–
3

Samuel the Prophet
150
–
1

sanctity of life
59
,
72

Sassenids
34
,
55
–
6

Savonarola
141

Schäfer, Peter
147

Schechter, Solomon
196
–
8

scholarship, importance of
46
,
56
,
162
–
3
,
175
,
203
see also
education

scholasticism
106
–
7
,
139
–
40

second world war
201
–
4

secular Jews
209
–
11

secularism
see
Enlightenment

Sehok ben Esther
98

Selden, John
154
–
5

Seneca
44

Sephardim
135
–
6

Serafinowicz, Jan
173

Shapira, Hayyim Eleazar
199
–
200

Shapiro, Meir
199
–
200

shar’ia
58

She’iltot
66
–
7

Shema
26
–
7

Sherira Gaon, Rav
49

Shimon ben Yohai
127

Shimon Kayyara
66

Shimon of Mainz
98
–
9

Shlomo ben Yitzak
see
Rashi

Shmuel,
43
,
45
,
59

Shmuel ben Hofni
60

Shmuel ben Shlomo
117

Shmuel Hanaggid
91
–
2

Shulchan Aruch
(Caro)
134
–
6

Sikra, Abba
18

Silver, Daniel
96

Sirāj
95

slaughter, ritual
201

Snaig, Rabbi Samuel E.
24

Sofer, Moses
186
–
7

Sola Scriptura
136
–
7

Solomon ha-Levy
130
–
1

Soncino, Gershom
134
,
139
–
40

Soncino edition of the Talmud
206

South Korea
214

Spain
81
–
8
,
91
–
93

censorship
123
–
4

Dutch independence
152
–
3

Golden Age
87
–
8

Inquisition
131
–
2

mysticism
127
–
8

printing
132
–
4

Spanish school
91
–
3
,
106

spells, magic
38

Spinoza, Baruch
160
–
2
,
181

St Augustine of Hippo
124
–
5

St Cyril the Philosopher
90

St Methodius of Thessaloniki
90

statecraft
149
–
53

Steinsaltz, Adin
2
,
207
–
9

story-telling, Islamic
60
–
1

structure
2
–
3
,
12
–
16

digression
12
–
16
,
40
–
1
,
46

internet analogy
212

layering
50
–
2

study of Hebrew, by Christians
135
–
40
,
205
see also
education

subsistence farming
36

superstitions
39

Survivor’s Talmud
204

Tales of the Prophets (
Kisas al-Anbiya
)
61

The Talmud Jew
(Rohling)
193
–
4

Tanakh
1
,
72
,
85
,
112
,
136
,
137
,
148
,
149
,
154
,
182
,
208

tanna
41
–
2
,
45

taska
36

taxation
36

Temple
17
–
19
,
45
,
164

ten commandments
9

terminology
5
,
42

teshuvot
67
–
71
,
80

textual variants
28
,
105
–
6

teyku
213

theonomists
149
–
53

Thomas de Torquemada
132

Thousand and One Nights
61

Titus
18

tolerance, religious differences
see
religious differences

Torah
9
–
11
,
14
–
16
,
21
,
171

tosafists
105
–
7

Tosafot
105
–
7

Tosefta
28

trade
14
–
15

tradition, interpretative
11
–
12
,
106
–
7

traditionalism
177

immigrant populations in America
198

organised opposition to Reform movement
186
–
7

translations

Ephraim Moses Pinner
193

Moses Mendelssohn
181
–
3

typography
208

Tzvi, Shabbetai
163
–
70

Umar, Caliph
56

Umayyads
56

Urbach, Ephraim
106

variants, textual
28
,
105
–
6

Venice
3
,
141
–
8

vernacular, liturgical use of
185
–
6

Vespasian, Emperor of Rome
18

Vienna
199
–
200

Vilna
176
–
80

Vilna Gaon see
Elijah of Vilna

Vulgate Bible
136
–
7

Wahb ibn Munabbih
61

Westminster Talmud
206
–
7

widows
148

Wissenschaft des Judentums
movement
191
–
4
,
210

women, education of
84
,
103

World War II
201
–
4

Yavneh
18
–
21

Yehiel of Paris
113
–
16
,
159

Yehuda, Rabbi (Yehuda
Nasi
)
26
–
8
,

Yehuda Loew, Rabbi
106
,
158
–
9

Yehudai Gaon
66
,
69