How We Do Harm (42 page)

CHAPTER 21

The prostate portion of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectol and Ovarian (PLCO) Screening Trial was published in G.
L.
Andriole, E.
D.
Crawford, R.
L.
Grubb 3rd, et al., “Mortality results from a randomized prostate-cancer screening trial,”
New England Journal of Medicine
360 (2009): 1310.

The European study is F.
H.
Schröder, J.
Hugosson, M.
J.
Roobol, et al., “Screening and prostate-cancer mortality in a randomized European study,”
New England Journal of Medicine
360 (2009): 1320.

Other important prostate cancer studies include I.
M.
Thompson, D.
K.
Pauler, P.
J.
Goodman, et.
al., “Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate-specific antigen level < or = 4.0 ng per milliliter,”
New England Journal of Medicine
350, no.
22 (May 27, 2004): 2239–46, erratum in
New England Journal of Medicine
351, no.
14 (September 30, 2004): 1470; and I.
M.
Thompson, P.
J.
Goodman, C.
M.
Tangen, et al., “The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer,”
New England Journal of Medicine
349, no.
3 (July 17, 2003): 215–24.

CHAPTER 22

The American Urological Association prostate cancer best-practice statement can be found at
http://www.auanet.org/content/media/psa09.pdf
.

The lung cancer screening trial: National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, D.
R.
Aberle, A.
M.
Adams, C.
D.
Berg, et al., “Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening,”
New England Journal of Medicine
365, no.
5 (August 4, 2011): 395–409.

The study of the process used to prepare 431 guidelines: R.
Grilli, N.
Magrini, A.
Penna, G.
Mura, and A.
Liberati, “Practice guidelines developed by specialty societies: The need for a critical appraisal,”
Lancet
355, no.
9198 (January 8, 2000): 103–6.

CHAPTER 23

David Ransohoff’s fellowship paper is D.
F.
Ransohoff and A.
R.
Feinstein, “Problems of spectrum and bias in evaluating the efficacy of diagnostic tests,”
New England Journal of Medicine
299, no.
17 (October 26, 1978): 926–30.

CHAPTER 24

The history of breast cancer advocacy and Project LEAD is based on interviews with Fran Visco, Kay Dickersin, and Susan Love.
One excellent account appears in
Dr. Susan Love’s Breast Book
, 5th ed.
(New York: Da Capo, a Merloyd Lawrence Book, 2010).

About the Authors

DR.
OTIS WEBB BRAWLEY, M.D., is the chief medical and scientific officer and executive vice president of the American Cancer Society.
Dr.
Brawley currently serves as professor of hematology, oncology, medicine, and epidemiology at Emory University.
He is also a CNN medical consultant.
He is a graduate of the University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine and he completed a residency in internal medicine at University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case-Western Reserve University, and a fellowship in medical oncology at the National Cancer Institute.

PAUL GOLDBERG is an award-winning investigative reporter who covers oncology for
The Cancer Letter
, a weekly publication focused on drug development and the politics of cancer.
His articles have appeared in
The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post,
and
The Washington Monthly,
and he has been featured on
60 Minutes, 20/20,
CNN and NPR.
Goldberg is also the author of two books on the Soviet human rights movement.

HOW WE DO HARM.
Copyright 2011 by Otis Webb Brawley, M.D., with Paul Goldberg.
All rights reserved.
For information, address St.
Martin’s Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.
10010.

www.stmartins.com

eISBN 9781429941501

First Edition: January 2012