Choque: The Untold Story of Jiu-Jitsu in Brazil 1856-1949 (Volume 1) (77 page)

8.
Correio Paulistano
11-3-39.

9.
Correio Paulistano
10-5-39.

10.
A Noite
10-6-39.

11. According to
Diario de Noticias
(16-6-39) and
Jornal do Brasil
(17-6-39), it was luta de jiu-jitsu.
Correio de Manhã
20-6-39 reported it as a luta livre match, but also used the word
estrangulamento
to describe how Ulsemer won. “
Estrangulamento
”, generally, but not always, implied a gi choke.

12.
Correio Paulistano
14-12-40.

13.
Diario de Noticias
28-7-39. Ulsemer was described as "
recente vencedor de Ono e Yano
”.

14.
Diario de Noticias
4-10-41 [“
Ulsener conseguiu empatar com Ono, otimo proffisional nipponico, em S. Paulo
”].

15. Academia Delauney was boxing gym operated by Fred Delauney. Fred Delauney was a boxer who immigrated to
São Paulo from Italy in late 1921 or early 1922. His real name was Adriano Malgarini. He taught boxing for amateurs in São Paulo in 1926 at Academia Paulista de Pugilismo on avenida Rangel Pestana (
O Paiz
21-10-26;
O Paiz
7-11-26). George Gracie had an interest in boxing, or at least, enough to enter an amateur tournament in 1927 (although there is no indication that he participated) and knew the names of the local boxing gyms. He may have acquired some basic boxing skills from Delauney. If not, there were several other boxing gyms in São Paulo during the 1920’s, including Brasil American Boxing on rua do Seminario, directed by Kid Pratt, Academia Dubois, Academia Central de Box, and courses offered by various clubs such as the Club de Regatas Tieté and the Associação Christa de Moços, among others.

16.
Correio Paulistano
12-7-39; 15-7-39.

17.
A Noite
10-7-39.

18.
A Noite
10-7-39 [“
Oswaldo Gracie
….
resolvou dar por nula a partida, decretando a derrota de dois contendores, Yano por knock-out, Weber por desistencia….Pela primeira vez na historia do ring dois lutadores venceram ao mesmo tempo foram vencido um pelo outro
”]. One report assumed that Yano fainted as a result of unbearable from pain [
desmaiara de dor
]. Judging from the description, Yano’s leglock must have been something like a heelhook.

19.
Correio Paulistano
11-7-39.

20.
Correio Paulistano
14-7-39 [“
Consequira Oswaldo vingar a derrota do irmão George
?”…
Ruhmann affirma que não
”].

21.
A Noite
21-4-37. Oswaldo had been on a dinner date with a dancer [
bailarina
] when two adolescents [
rapazes
] made him so jealous  [
exasperado de ciumes
] that he lost his self-control and without so much as saying “
agua vae
” attacked the boys with chokes, shoulder throws, and other jiu-jitsu techniques, and finally ejected them from the establishment. After recovering their senses, the boys went to the police station and filed a complaint.

22.
Correio Paulistano
, 16-7-39 [“
no momento que sentiu o corpo do seu opponente seguro, não titubeou em recorrer a sua musculature de athleta. A chave de rins volante alliada a su famoso gravata…este foi o primeiro e unico golpe que o vencedor de Oswaldo applicou em attitude de atacante
….
venceu Oswaldo Gracie no terceiro assalto por perda dos sentidos
”].

23.
Correio Paulistano
19-7-39. Ono’s background in Brazil was not described in detail in earlier reports, such as
Correio de S. Paulo
(5-1-34) and
Correio Paulistano
(1-4-38). He came to Brazil in 1931, spent three years in the “interior” of São Paulo, which included places like Marilia, before moving to São Paulo with a group of nine other adults, two adolescents, and two young children, including his younger brother Oninho (Naoiti Ono) who must have been about 13 years old at the time. As an immigrant from Japan, at that time, Marilia or somewhere nearby, would have been a likely first destination. The Ono brothers may have had family or friends still there.

24.
Correio Paulistano
20-7-39; 22-7-39.

25.
Correio Paulistano
22-7-39.

26.
Correio Paulistano
22-7-39 [“
Para vencer George Gracie em ‘jiu-jitsu’ é preciso que se nascesse no Japão e aprendesse o scientifico esporte nipponico, desde tenra edade, com mestres consumados….
difficilmente, como
(sic)
kimono, os Gracies serão abatidos….Desafiel-o para um ‘match’ luta-livre porque estou crente que o vencerei
”].

27
Correio Paulistano
25-7-39.

28.
Correio Paulistano
18-8-39.

29.
Correio Paulistano
20-8-39.

30. Some reports referred to it as jiu-jitsu, most spelled judo as “jiudo” [“
O ‘jiudo’que tamben e conhecido pelo nome de ‘jiu-jitsu’ chamou-se em tempos remotos
”] (
Gazeta de Noticias
1-8-39).

31.
A Batalha
2-8-39 According to
A Noite
(2-8-39), the participants were Shojiro Higuchi, Seisei Fucikeya, and Tokenzo Terezoki.

32.
Gazeta de Noticias
1-8-39.

33.
A Batalha
2-8-39. [
Helio Gracie…não teve duvida em classifical-os como authenticos mestres
].

34. The jiu-jitsu people eventually adopted almost every other feature of Kano Jigaro’s Kodokan judo system, beginning with belts. Incidentally, as Hoare (2011) points out, the Kodokan was not the only judo organization in
Japan. The decision to continue using the term “jiu-jitsu” in Brazil seems to have been influenced by marketing considerations. But by the middle 1950’s Brazilians associated judo with the throwing oriented sport, and jiu-jitsu with self-defense and ground grappling (in a kimono). In 1958 for example, Takeo Yano was in Rio teaching “Jiu-Jitsu, Judô, and Defesa Pessoal” indicating clearly that potential students at least regarded them as different (
Diairo de Noticias
. 15-10-58).

35. The 30 floor
Martinelli Building was (and in 2014 still is) bordered by Avenida São João, Avenida São Bento, and Rua Libero Badaró. At one time it was the tallest building in South America (www.prediomartinelli.com.br).

36.
Katsu
(活
) is defined by Kenkyusha (1958-1982) as “the art of resuscitation” and provides two examples
:
活を入れ
る
“apply the [judo] art of resuscitation, an
d
活で息を吹き返
す
“be brought to life by the judo art of resuscitation.” In general “
katsu
” referred to the Chinese concept of transferring energy (or life force), and had no more connection to jiu-jitsu than first-aid had to boxing.

37.
Correio Paulistano
2-9-39.

38.
Correio Paulistano
17-9-39 [“
o jiu-jitsu do tablado tem a mesma efficiencia, porém, por um caminho diverso; o alumno tem que aprender os golpes e pratical-os com o seu instructor. Taes treinos de lutas corporaes devem ser systematicos e methodicos, do contrario, o alumno nada aproveita e esquece o mecanismo das ‘chaves’ e das quedas que aprendera
”].

39.
Correio Paulistano
2-9-39.

40.
Correio Paulistano
3-9-39.

41.
Correio Paulistano
13-9-39.

42.
Jornal do Brasil
2-9-39. “The ad read as follows: “
Precisa-se de aprendiz de monitor de jiu-jitsu (idade maximo 25 anos), peso minimos 65 kilos. Academia Gracie, a rua Marquez de Abrantes, n. 117
.”

43.
Tracy kenpo did the same thing during the early 1970’s. The author can recall being perplexed as to why the Tracys would recruit absolute novices to work as kenpo instructors (their ad specified “no experience” necessary”), or for that matter how a novice could teach kenpo. Out of sheer curiosity, the author, then a beginning Goju-ryu karate student went to the Tracy studio. The answer immediately became obvious. There was a line of young men a block long waiting to fill out “job” applications. Perhaps some of them ended up enrolling in kenpo lessons. Or perhaps there was fee for learning how to be an instructor. In any event, Tracy kenpo got the word out about their product to a precisely targeted demographic, at the inexpensive cost of a single help wanted ad.

44.
Correio Paulistano
6-10-39. [“
O jiu-jitsu começa de pé porque este é a posição do homem, mas uma queda no que dizer victoria porque no chão e que vae resolver a superioridade dos contendores com os mil recursos dos golpes e contra-golpes
”].

45.
Correio Paulistano
6-10-39.

46.
Correio Paulistano
10-10-39.

47. Weber explained why he didn’t want to fight Ono in jiu-jitsu: “
porque eu não sei lutar jiu-jitsu. Estou começando aprender o esporte japonez, mas só lutarei em publico quando estiver seguro de não fazer fiasco. Se fosse nessa modaliade de esporte eu perderia de Ono
”.

48.
Correio Paulistano
19-10-39.

49.
Correio Paulistano
20-10-39.

50.
Correio Paulistano
21-10-39.

51.
Correio Paulistano
18-10-39.

52.
Correio Paulistano
31-10-39.

53. No record of an Omori versus Kolt fight has been found.

54.
Correio Paulistano
31-10-30.

55.
Correio Paulistano
5-11-3.

56.
Correio Paulistano
5-11-3.

57.
Correio Paulistano
5-11-3.

58.
Correio Paulistano
26-11-39.

59. See chapters 20-26.

60.
Correio Paulistano
1-12-39; 3-12-39. Yer Nesaka was probably an alternative spelling of Ser Nizak (also Ser Nizaki), and Udo Dorn was probably Dudu Dorn. In the boxing matches, Jimmy Wilde and Gaucho out-pointed their respective opponents.

.

Chapter 20

1940

1.
Diario da Noite
14-2-40;
Diario de Noticias
16-3-40.

2.
Correio Paulistano
23-2-40. The so-called “Winter War” between the USSR and Finland began on November 30 1939 and ended on March 11, 1940. The war may have seemed of remote significance at the time, but the reality was quite otherwise. According to Bullock (1991, p. 655), “Nothing did more to convince him [Adolf Hitler] in 1941 that he was justified in gambling on defeating the Russians in a single campaign than their performance against the Finns.”

3.
Diario de Noticias
10-3-40.

4.
O Imparcial
10-3-40.

5.
Diario de Noticias
10-3-40.

6.
A Noite
16-3-40.

7.
Diario de Noticias
17-3-40;
Diario da Noite
18-3-40.

8.
O Imparcial
17-3-40.

9.
Diario de Noticias
17-3-40.

10.
Diario da Noite
, 29-3-40 [“
confesso que fiquei ‘grogg’ , por occasião de combate anterior, mas não cheguei a perder os sentidos. Absolutamente. Soffri um leve collapso de sesistencia, mas veio immediamente a reacção e dahi ter retomado posição antes que Yano o fizesse”
].

11.
A Noite
27-3-40.

12. A Noite
30-3-40.

13.
Diario de Noticias
, 27-3-40.
A Noite
30-3-40.

14.
A Noite
1-4-40.