Authors: Ernest Cline
1983âStar Wars: The Arcade Game by Atari & Star Trek: Strategic Operations Simulator by Segaâcabinets simulate cockpit
1984âEliteâreleased on 9/20/84âgame inspires Star Raiders
1984â2010: The Year We Make Contactâsequel to 2001
1984âThe Last Starfighter released on 7/13! Videogame tie-in canceled?
1985âExplorers, Enemy Mine
1985âEnder's Game (novel) publishedâsame premise as '77 short story
1986âIron Eagle, Aliens, Flight of the Navigator, Invaders from Mars
1987âThe Hidden, Predator
1988âAlien Nation, They Live
1989âThe Abyss!
1989â PHAÃTON cabinet sighted at MGP on 8/8/89. Never seen again.
1989âMechWarrior releasedâanother training sim for military use?
1990âWing Commanderâreleased by Origin Systemsâtraining sim?
1991âWing Commander II
1993âStar Wars Rebel Assault, X-Wing, Privateer, Doom
1993âThe X-Filesâfictional alien cover-up created to conceal real one?
1994âStar Wars: TIE Fighter, Wing Commander 3, Doom II
1994âThe Puppet Masters, Stargate,
1995âAbsolute Zero, Shockwave, Wing Commander IV
1996âMarine DoomâDoom II modified for use by the USMC
1996âStar Trek: First Contact, Independence Day
1997âMen in Black, Starship Troopers, Contact
1997âIndependence Day videogame tie-in releasedâPlaystation and PC
1997âX-Wing vs. TIE Fighter
1998âDark City, The Faculty, Lost in Space
1998âWing Commander Secret Ops, Star Wars Trilogy Arcade
1999âStar Wars: Episode I
1999âGalaxy Quest
The release of the first
Star Wars
film in 1977 seemed to be the timeline's focal point. My father had circled that entry several times and drawn a series of arrows linking it to at least a dozen other items further down the timelineâincluding a bunch of videogames that the
Star Wars
franchise had helped inspire, like
Space Invaders,
Star Hawk,
Elite,
and
Wing Commander
.
Armada
wasn't listed on my father's timeline, of courseânor was any other game released in the past eighteen years. His final entry was the one noting the release of
Galaxy Quest
in December of 1999. I was born a few months later, and by the time I reached my first birthday, my poor father was already fertilizing daffodils at the local cemetery.
I spent a few more minutes puzzling over the timeline before turning my attention to the notebook's first page, which contained a pencil drawing of an old-school coin-operated arcade gameâone I didn't recognize. Its control panel featured a single joystick and one unlabeled white button, and its cabinet was entirely black, with no side art or other markings anywhere on it, save for the game's strange title, which was printed in all capital green letters across its jet black marquee:
polybius.
Below his drawing of the game, my father had made the following notations:
⢠No copyright or manufacturer info anywhere on game cabinet.
⢠Reportedly only seen for 1-2 weeks in July 1981 at MGP.
⢠Gameplay was similar to Tempest. Vector graphics. Ten levels?
⢠Higher levels caused players to have seizures, hallucinations, and nightmares. In some cases, subject committed murder and/or suicide.
⢠“Men in Black” would download scores from the game each night.
⢠Possible early military prototype created to train gamers for war?
⢠Created by same covert op behind Bradley Trainer?
Back when I'd first discovered the journal, I'd done a quick Internet search and learned that
Polybius
was an urban legend that had been circulating on the Internet for decades. It was the title of a strange videogame that only appeared in one Portland arcade during the summer of 1981. According to the story, the game drove several kids who played it insane; then the machine mysteriously vanished, never to be seen again. In some versions of the story, “Men in Black” were also seen visiting the arcade after closing time, to open up the
Polybius
machine and download the high scores from its data banks.
But according to the Internet, the
Polybius
urban legend had already been debunked. Its origins had been traced back to an incident in the summer of 1981, at a now-defunct arcade right here in Beaverton called the Malibu Grand Prix. Some kid collapsed from exhaustion after an
Asteroids
high score attempt and got taken away in an ambulance. Accounts of this incident were apparently conflated with another rumor circulating in the arcades at that time, about how the Atari arcade game
Tempest
caused some of the kids who played it to have epileptic seizuresâwhich was actually true.
The Men in Black part of the urban legend also appeared to have roots in reality. In the early '80s, there had been an ongoing federal investigation into illegal gambling at various Portland-area arcades, and so during that time there really had been FBI agents spotted around local game rooms after closing time, opening up game machinesâbut this was to check for gambling devices, not to monitor gamers' high scores.
Of course, none of this information had come to light yet when my father had drawn his sketch of the
Polybius
game in his notebook sometime in the early '90s. Back then,
Polybius
would've just been a local urban legendâcirculating around the very arcade where it had been born, Malibu Grand Prix. The same arcade my father had frequented when he was growing up.
On the second page of the notebook my father had drawn an illustration of another fictional arcade game, called
Phaëton.
My father's sketch of its cabinet was far more elaborate and detailed than his sketch of
Polybius
âperhaps because he claimed to have seen the game with his own eyes. Across the top of the page he'd written: “I saw this game with my own eyes on 8-9-1989 at Malibu Grand Prix in Beaverton, Oregon.”
Then he'd signed his name.
According to his drawing,
Phaëton
had a sit-down cockpit-style game cabinet, which was sort of capsule shaped, like a
Tron
light cycle, with fake laser cannons built into each side of it, making the game itself look like a starship. Weirdest of all, it had
doors.
According to my father's sketch, the cabinet had two clamshell-shaped hatches made of tinted plexiglass, one on either side of the cockpit seat, which opened straight up, like the doors on a Lamborghini, and sealed you inside while you played the game. He'd also drawn a schematic of its control panel, which featured a four-trigger flight yoke, buttons mounted on each armrest, and another bank of switches on the cockpit ceiling. To me, it looked more like a flight simulator than a videogame. The entire cabinet was black, except for the game's titleâprinted in stylized white letters across its side:
PHAÃTON.
I hadn't been able to find any mention of a videogame by that name when I'd tried looking it up on the Internet seven years ago. I took out my phone and did another quick search on it. Still, nothing. According to the Internet, there had never been a videogame called
Phaëton
released anywhere, for any platform. That name had been appropriated for lots of other things, including cars and comic book characters. But there had never been an arcade game released with that title. Which mean the whole thing was probably a figment of my father's imaginationâjust like the Glaive Fighter I'd seen just half an hour ago.
I glanced back at my father's illustration of the
Phaëton
cabinet. He'd drawn an arrow to the umlaut over the capital
E
in the word
PHAÃTON
printed on its side. Next to the arrow he wrote: “Umlaut conceals hidden data port plug for downloading scores!”
As with his
Polybius
drawing, he'd made several bulleted notations down belowâan apparent list of “facts” about the fictional game:
⢠Only seen at MGP on 8-9-1989âremoved and never seen again.
⢠No copyright or manufacturer information anywhere. Plain black game cabinetâjust like the eyewitness descriptions of Polybius.
⢠First-person space combat simulatorâgameplay similar to Battlezone and Tail Gunner 2. Color vector graphics.
⢠“Men in Black” arrived at closing time and took game away in a black cargo vanâalso very similar to Polybius stories.
⢠Link between Bradley Trainer and Polybius and Phaëton? All prototypes created to train/test gamers for military recruitment?
I studied both the
Polybius
and
Phaëton
illustration for several more minutes. Then I flipped ahead to the journal entry describing
Battlezone.
1981âUS Army contracts Atari to convert Battlezone into “Bradley Trainer,” a training simulator for the Bradley Fighting Vehicle. It was unveiled at a worldwide TRADOC conference in March 1981. After that, Atari claims project was “abandoned” and only one prototype was ever produced. But the new six-axis controller Atari created for Bradley Trainer was used in many of their upcoming games, including Star Wars.
This part of my father's conspiracy theory, at least, was true. From what I'd read online, a group of “US Army consultants” really had paid Atari to rework Battlezone into a training simulator for the Bradley Fighting Vehicle, and the United States Army really had pursued the idea of using videogames to train real soldiers, as early as 1980. As my father had also noted on his strange timeline, the Marine Corps had run a similar operation back in 1996, when they'd modified the groundbreaking first-person shooter Doom II and used it to train soldiers for real combat.
If he'd lived to see it, my father's timeline probably would have also listed the release of
America's Army
in 2002, a free-to-play videogame that had been one of the US Army's most valuable recruiting tools for over a decade now. An army recruiter had even let us spend a half-hour playing it at school, just after we'd finished taking the mandatory ASVAB testâthe Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery. I remembered thinking it was pretty weird that we were being encouraged to play a videogame simulation of warfare, right after being tested on our aptitude for it.
I continued to flip through the faded pages of my father's notebook, marveling at the time and energy he'd spent researching and puzzling over the details of the elaborate conspiracy he'd believed he was uncovering. Lists of names, dates, movie titles, and half-formed theories were scribbled across every page. But, I realized now, my ten-year-old self had been too hasty in dismissing it as gibberish. There was at least a hint of method lurking behind his seeming madness.
It looked as though the existence of
Bradley Trainer
and
Marine Doom
were two of the key pieces of “evidence” behind his vague, half-formed conspiracy theory, along with the classic science fiction novel
Ender's Game,
and two old movies,
The Last Starfighter
and
Iron Eagle
. My father had highlighted the release dates of these items on his timeline, and later on in the notebook he'd devoted several pages to describing and dissecting their storylinesâas if they held crucial clues about the grand mystery he was trying to solve.
I smiled down at the list. I'd never even heard of
Iron Eagle
until I saw it mentioned in my father's journal and watched the VHS copy of it I found among this things. The film had instantly become one of my go-to guilty-pleasure movies. The hero of
Iron Eagle
is an Air Force brat named Doug Masters who learns to pilot an F-16 by cutting class to sneak into the base flight simulatorâreally just an incredibly expensive videogame. Doug is a natural pilot, but only if he's rocking out to his favorite tunes. When his dad gets shot down overseas and taken captive, Doug steals two F-16s and flies over to rescue him, with a little help from Lou Gossett Jr., his Walkman, Twisted Sister, and Queen.
The result was a cinematic masterpieceâalthough sadly, it appeared to be recognized as such by me alone. Cruz and Diehl had both vowed never to sit through another screening of it. Muffit was still always happy to curl up and watch it with me though, and our repeated viewings of the film, along with the
Snoopy vs. the Red Baron
album my mother insisted on playing every Christmas, had served as the inspiration for my
Armada
pilot call sign:
IronBeagle.
(When I posted in the
Armada
player forums, my avatar was an image of Snoopy in his World War I flying ace getup.)
I glanced back at his timeline once again. My father had drawn circles around the entries for
Iron Eagle, Ender's Game,
and
The Last Starfighter;
then he'd added lines connecting them all to each otherâand now for the first time I finally understood why. All three stories were about a kid who trained for real-life combat by playing a videogame simulation of it.
I kept flipping pages until I came to the journal's second-to-last entry. In the center of an empty page my father had written the following question:
What if they're using videogames to train us to fight without us even knowing it? Like Mr. Miyagi in
The Karate Kid,
when he made Daniel-san paint his house, sand his deck, and wax all of his carsâhe was training him and he didn't even realize it!
Wax on, wax offâbut on a global scale!
The journal's final entry was an undated, rambling, half-illegible, four-page-long essay in which my father attempted to summarize the threads of his half-formed conspiracy theory and link them together.
“The entire videogame industry is secretly under the control of the US military,” he wrote. “They may have even invented the videogame industry! WHY?”