Read All Hell Let Loose Online
Authors: Max Hastings
Canaris, Adm. Wilhelm, 113
Canberra
, HMAS (cruiser), 256–7Capano, John, 401
Carnera, Primo, 111
Caroline Islands, 439
Carton de Wiart, Maj.Gen. Adrian, 7, 22, 49–50
Cartwright, Jim, 534
Carullo, Anthony, 402
Caruso, Lt. Patrick, 636
Casablanca Conference (1943), 432, 442, 484
Cash-and-Carry Bill (US, 1939), 185
Castlerosse, Valentine Edward Charles Browne, Viscount, 39
Catroux, Gen. Georges, 128
Caucasus: Germans drive for oilfields, 302–3, 306
Cazalet, Capt. Peter, 210
Chaiko, Igor, 313
Chamberlain, Neville: announces declaration of war, 9; and British guarantees to Poland, 15; reluctance to wage war, 17; non-intervention in Finnish winter war, 35; opposes violation of Norwegian neutrality, 39; and conduct of Norway campaign, 49–51; resigns premiership, 52–3; hopes for US involvement in war, 186
Channel Islands (British), 340, 575
Chappell, William, 330
Charlemagne Division (French Waffen SS), 625–6
Charlton, George, 287
Chauvel, Jean, 69
Cheek, Tom, 250
Chennault, Claire, 221
Cherkassy, 395
Chetniks (Yugoslavia), 465–8
Chevalier-Paul
(French super-destroyer), 127Chiang Kai-shek, 191, 193, 222–3, 427–9, 560, 634
Childers, Lloyd, 249
Chin Kee On, 499
Chin Peng, 415
China: Japanese war in, xvi, 191–2, 427, 429, 432, 634; and Burma Road, 218, 222; offers military aid in Burma, 222–3; Japanese troops diverted to, 260, 428; food shortages, 349; internal divisions and conflict, 427–8; supply routes, 427; Japanese biological experiments in, 428–9; wartime casualties, 428–9, 669; ‘comfort women’ for Japanese, 429–31; Japanese behaviour in, 429–32; in reconquest of Burma, 634; communist takeover thwarted at war’s end, 658–9
Chindits, 434–5, 634
Chindwin river, 224–5, 411, 563, 634
Chrystal, Capt. Charles, 120
Chuikov, Gen. Vasily: in Finnish war, 33; at Stalingrad, 308–11, 320
Churchill, (Sir) Winston S.: and Jewish suffering, xvii; and prospective war with Soviet Russia, 15; urges French to launch offensive, 17; and Finnish winter war, 35–6; and early naval actions, 38; advocates Norway expedition, 41, 49, 51; succeeds Chamberlain as prime minister, 52–3; meets Weygand in France, 63; approves evacuation of French soldiers at Dunkirk, 66; defiance, 72–3, 77, 79, 90, 101–2, 124, 661; sends relief force to France, 72–3; speech to Commons (18 June 1940), 78; orders bombardment of French fleet, 81; and invasion threat to Britain, 91; refuses peace negotiations, 99; undefined war aims, 102; impatience with Wavell, 109, 270; and occupation of Iraq, 124; and occupation of Syria, 125, 128; and conduct of North Africa campaign, 128–9, 132; shocked at fall of Tobruk, 138; meets Roosevelt in Washington: (June 1940), 138; (December 1941), 199; urges support for Russia, 147; hopes for US involvement in war, 186–7, 189; on Japanese threat, 197; concentrates Empire’s forces in Middle East, 203; on Japanese jungle warfare skills, 208; urges last-ditch resistance in Singapore, 212–13; and fall of Singapore, 214–15; dismay at soldiers’ irresolution, 215; and effect of loss of Empire in South-East Asia, 227; on effect of convoy system, 272; on U-boat threat, 273, 275; supports Allied supplies for Russia, 284, 290, 293; Anders complains to of Russian behaviour, 305; encourages special forces and actions, 325; enjoys war, 327; ideals, 335; and limiting food imports to Greece, 352; Mediterranean strategy, 364, 454; and North African defeats, 366; impatience for Eighth Army offensive, 369; decrees
Torch
landings in North Africa, 375; celebrates victory in North Africa, 380; claims popular international support, 398; imperialism, 408; and India’s economic buoyancy, 416; denies relief for Bengal famine, 423–5; criticises British campaign in Far East, 433–4; praises Chindits, 434; granted choice of when to invade, 442; and invasion of Italy, 443, 528; supports campaign in Italy, 454; supports Yugoslav actions against Germans, 464; favours Tito’s forces in Yugoslavia, 466; on bomber offensive against Germany, 476–7, 483; fails to dismiss Harris, 494; refuses to consider post-war social reform before victory, 503; reservations over bombing of French rail links, 531; delays invasion of Europe, 533; and recapture of Burma, 559–60, 633, 635; disbelieves speedy victory in autumn 1944, 576; and European post-war settlement, 612; and development of atom bomb, 647; and wartime Grand Alliance, 659; achievements, 661, 663; embraces Russian alliance, 661Ciano, Count Galeazzo: and Polish resistance to Germany, 2; on French campaign against German advance, 68; and Italian attack on Greece, 116
Claflin, William, 186
Clague, John, 219
Clark, Gen. Mark, 451, 530, 595
Clarke, Senator D. Worth, 191
Classon, Jack, 28
Clements, Capt. Martin, 254
Cobra
, Operation, 554Cochrane, Air Vice-Marshal Sir Ralph, 478–9
Cole, David, 446
Colossus (electronic computer), 368
commanders: assessed, 666–9
commandos, 326
communism, 660
Compass
, Operation, 110–11Compton, Capt. John, 445
concentration camps: German, 505–6; inmates killed at war’s end, 620–1;
see also
death campsCondor Legion (German): in Spain, 471
Conrath, Gen. Paul, 445, 447
convoys: system introduced, 272; ship losses, 273, 275, 282–3; frequency, 275; U-boat attacks on, 280–2, 284; Arctic to Soviet Russia, 284–93; to Malta, 295–6;
see also
PQ16; PQ17; PQ18Cook, Sgt. Charles, 234
Cookman, Mary Carson, 198
Cooper, Lady Diana, 202, 206, 415
Cooper, Duff, 208
Coral Sea, Battle of (1942), 237–41, 245, 264, 306, 669
Cork and Orrery, Adm. William Henry Dudley Boyle, 12th Earl of, 49
Corregidor island, 234–5
Corti, Lt. Eugenio, 318–19, 459, 662
corvettes, 272
Coughlin, Father Charles, 190
Courland (Latvia), 550, 615
Coventry: bombed, 93
Cox, F/Sgt. Charles, 325
Crace, Rear-Adm. John, 237
Crafter, Ron, 478
Craig, Corp. Jack, 264
Craig, Lt. Norman, 334, 371, 542–3
Crawford, William, 327
Cree, Brig. G.H., 411
Crete, 116, 122–3, 128
Crimea: German success in, 300–1, 304; Schörner defends, 526
Cripps, Sir Stafford, 419
Croatia: hostility to Serbs, 405, 465, 469
Crook, Dick, 86
Crook, Phyllis, 343–4
Cropper, Corp. John, 554, 631
Croudson, Henry, 28
Crowell, Lt. Dick, 245
Crusader
, Operation, 128, 131, 135Csescy, Imre, 599
Cullen, Lance Bombardier Morry, 119
Cunningham, Gen. Alan, 109–10, 128–9
Cunningham, Adm. Sir Andrew: shortage of air cover in Mediterranean, 105; ship losses at Crete, 123; Taranto victory, 294; qualities, 667
Curtin, John, 213, 222
Cutter, Pvt., 332
Cyprus, 116
Czechoslovakia: Germany annexes, 8; arms supply, 141; Russians occupy, 611
D-Day
see
NormandyDahl, Roald, 127
Dakar: Gaullist attempt on, 125
Daladier, Edouard: promises aid to Finland, 36; favours cutting off German iron ore supplies from Sweden, 39; resigns, 41; criticises British, 50
Darby, Col. Bill, 451
Darwin, Australia: bombed by Japanese, 400
Das, Arangamohan, 422
Dauntless dive-bombers (US), 240, 250–1
Davidson, Maj. Basil, 466
Davidson, Pvt. Ron, 329
Davies, Bob, 96–7
Davies, Norman, 2
Davin, Lt. Dan, 119
Davis, Pilot Officer Donald, 10
Daw Sein, 218
Dawley, Maj.Gen. Mike, 452
D’Cruz, Emily, 226
death camps (German), 502, 507, 512, 514, 516, 518–20;
see also
concentration campsDeck, Josef, 167
Decoux, Adm. Jean, 407
decryption: of enemy messages, 123;
see also
Ultra interceptsDees, Joe, 188
Deng Yumin, 430
Denmark: Germany occupies, 45; Jews protected from deportation, 404; agricultural supplies to Germany, 504; Allies protect from Russian advance, 611, 613
Dennis, First Lt. Alec, 286
Denny, Chief Officer C.B., 277
Dentz, Gen. Henri, 127–8
De Ruyter
(Dutch cruiser), 217Deseö, László, 604
Desplats, Lt. Jacques, 72
Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung
(newspaper), 14de Valera, Éamon, 399, 653
Devastators (US torpedo bombers), 240, 248–9
Devers, Lt.Gen. Jake, 579, 581, 586
Diadem
, Operation, 259Dick, Shirley Karp, 354
Didier family (of Sainlez), 592
Dieppe: raid (1942), 326
Diercks, Lt. Lyman, 543, 631
Dill, Gen. Sir John, 105
Diller, Pfc Eric, xix
Dior, Christian, 404
displaced persons: at war’s end, 654
Dixon, Lt.Cdr. Bob, 238
Djilas, Milovan, 466–8, 608, 629
Dnieper river, Russia, 306, 382–3, 393, 394, 525
Dodecanese campaign (1943), 298
Doe, Bob, 84
Don, river, 302–3, 384
Dönitz, Grand-Adm. Karl, 273–4, 279, 283, 306, 630
Doolittle, Col. James, 237, 429
Doorman, Adm. Karel, 217
Dora (German heavy gun), 300–1
Dorfman, Harold, 471, 477
Dorman-Smith, Sir Reginald, 219
Dose, Wolf, 176–7
Douglas, Keith, 364, 370, 373
Dowding, Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh, 82, 86–8
Doyle, Janet, 354
Drake, Billy, 85
Dresden: bombed, 493, 610 & n; Red Army reaches, 612, 618
Dressler, Erich, 448, 453
Drobiński, Bolesław, 84
Drummond, Irene, 213
Dugan, Haynes, 363
Dugdale, Blanche, 514
Dunand, Jean-Louis, 71–2
Dunkirk: evacuation (1940), 54, 64–7
Dunlop, Lt.Col. Edward (‘Weary’), 216–17
Durham Light Infantry: in Sicily, 447
Dutch East Indies: refugees from Singapore, 211; Japanese attack, 217–18; nationalist movement, 658; execution of Japanese war criminals, 671
Dworsky, Lt. Bertha, 233
Dyess, Capt. William, 233
East Solomons, Battle of (24 August 1943), 261
Eben Emael fort, Belgium, 53
Ebisawa, Petty Officer Kisao, 672
Eden, Anthony (
later
1st Earl of Avon): sounds out army morale, 90; and Polish refugees, 498; meets Karski, 516; and Anders’ bitterness at war’s end, 654; and Stalin’s control, 665Eder dam, 481–2
Egypt: British position in, 107–8, 364; Italy attacks, 109; Wavell mounts offensive, 110; threatened by Rommel, 115, 137, 364–5; conditions, 134; anti-British sentiments, 414–15;
see also
Alexandria; CairoEhrenburg, Ilya, 385
Eichelberger, Lt.Gen. Robert, 266, 574
Eighth Army: in North Africa, 128, 130–2, 133–4, 137; lacks confidence in higher commanders, 132; motivation and low morale, 364–5; Montgomery commands, 366, 369–70; Churchill demands offensive, 369; Alamein victory and advance westward, 372–4; in Italian campaign, 451
Einsatzgruppen (Nazi death squads), 508–9
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight: foresees US entering war, 185; on Wainwright and MacArthur, 235; promoted to general, 326; negotiates ceasefire with Vichy French in North Africa, 376; command in North Africa, 378–9; reputation, 439; suppresses US atrocity story in Sicily, 446; overrules Clark at Salerno, 451; approves bombing of French targets, 531–2; as Supreme Commander for invasion of Europe, 531–3; forces established in Normandy, 535–6; assumes operational command of Anglo-American forces, 557; military strength in Europe, 564, 611; over-optimism, 577; strategy in NW Europe, 579, 584, 594; competition among subordinates, 582; held up by weather, 585; manpower shortage, 585; winter conditions of armies, 589; restores front after Ardennes battle, 594; advance into Germany, 605, 608; entrusts final stages of campaign to Montgomery, 610; abandons Berlin as objective, 611; insists on unconditional German surrender, 630; qualities, 667
Eisymont, Vyacheslav, 617
El Alamein: British defensive line, 138, 365; Montgomery’s victory at, 298; First Battle of (1 July 1942), 366; Second Battle of (October 1942), 371–2
Elbe, river, 612
Elliott, Capt. David, 329, 335
el-Masri, Gen. Aziz, 414
Engel, Col. Georg, 76
Engelbrecht, Gen. Erich, 44
Engineer, Miroo, 417
England, Len, 124, 328, 515
Enigma: Allies capture from Germans, 367
Enola Gay
(B-29 Superfortress), 650Eppler, Hans, 414
Epsom
, Operation, 554Eriksen, Col. Birger, 44
Eritrea, 109
Esders, Wilhelm (‘Doc’), 248
Esperance, Cape, 261
Estonia: anti-Russian actions, 145; and extermination of Jews, 611
Europe: post-war settlement, 611–12
euthanasia: as Nazi policy, 507
evacuees (British), 28
Evans, Redd and John Jacob Loeb: ‘Rosie the Riveter’ (song), 353
Fahmy, Hikmet, 414
Falaise Gap, Normandy, 530, 555–6
famines: in British Empire, 351, 422–5
Farouk, King of Egypt, 107, 414
Farrell, Capt. Charles, 540
Farrow, Ernie, 69
fascists: interned in Britain, 29
Feiner, S/Sgt. Harold, 234
Feldt, Gen. Kurt, 71
Felix, Charles, 606
Fellers, Col. Bonner, 130, 571
Fenet, Henri, 625–6
Fennema, S/Sgt. Harold, 330, 359
Ferguson, George, 235
Ferińć, Mirosław, 12
Fermi, Enrico, 646
Fermi, Laura, 646